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272 Cardiovascular courses

Introduction to Phlebotomy Course (GPT003) - 2 Day Classroom

4.6(39)

By Geopace Training

Learn how to take blood ... train as a Phlebotomist Nationally Recognised Qualification No previous experience or qualifications needed OCN Accredited - Level 3 (advanced) CPD Accredited (The CPD Certification Service) Covers all steps up to live blood draw Practise on artificial arm and fake blood! Basic understanding of English language required OPEN TO ALL APPLICANTS

Introduction to Phlebotomy Course (GPT003) - 2 Day Classroom
Delivered In-Person in Yorkshire + 17 more + more
£285

Introduction to ECG Course (GPT009)

4.6(39)

By Geopace Training

Learn how to perform and read an ECG ... Nationally Recognised Qualification OCN Accredited - Level 3 (advanced level) CPD Accredited - The CPD Certification Service Introduces you to the fundamentals of setting up and operating an ECG machine Includes patient preparation Produce a valid (error free) ECG Learn and understand ECG traces Recognise recordings that require urgent attention Basic understanding of English language required OPEN TO ALL APPLICANTS VIRTUAL CLASSROOM OPTION INCLUDES COMPREHENSIVE PRACTISE@HOME ECG TRAINING KIT Final interpretation of all ECG recordings is the responsibility of a medical professional.

Introduction to ECG Course (GPT009)
Delivered in Milton Keynes + 2 more or Online + more
£195

Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease

By BBO Training

Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease (2-Day Course)Course Description:BBO Training has responded to numerous requests for a course focused on cardiovascular disease, following the success of our previous courses, such as Introductions to COPD/Asthma/Diabetes and Minor Illness. In response, we have developed a comprehensive two-day agenda on this critical subject.These days are designed to provide a holistic approach to cardiovascular diseases, encompassing Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), Stroke, Heart Failure, and Hypertension. Participants will gain the knowledge and skills necessary to perform annual reviews for patients with these conditions.This course is particularly well-suited for Nurse Associates, Practice Nurses, Nurse Practitioners (NPs), Emergency Nurse Practitioners (ENPs), Paramedics, and Pharmacists. Dr. Tamara Cunningham, an experienced GP Trainer, will lead these interactive online sessions.Day One09.15 - Coffee and Registration09.30 - Introduction and Course Objectives09.45 - Setting the Scene: - Screening, Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Symptoms10.30 - Q-Risk Assessment10.45 - Coffee Break11.00 - Diet & Cardiovascular Disease: - Healthy Eating - Range of Dietary Approaches - Weight Management Services (PH25)11.45 - Benefits of Activity for Cardiovascular Disease12.30 - Lunch01.30 - Hypertension - A Review of NICE Guidelines (NG136): - Targets - Risk Assessment - Medications - Assessing Target Organ Damage02.45 - Lipid Modification - A Review of Nice Guidelines (NG181): - How Lipids Affect Cardiovascular Risk03.15 - Case Studies03.30 - Action Plan, Evaluation, and Resources03.45 - CloseDay Two09.15 - Coffee and Registration09.30 - Heart Failure - How to Perform a Safe Annual Review (NG106)10.45 - Coffee Break11.00 - CHD - Performing an Annual Review and Including Assessment of Angina12.30 - Lunch01.30 - Stroke - Secondary Prevention and Management of Long-Term Complications02.30 - Case Studies - Group Work to Consolidate Learning03.30 - Competencies, Training, and Resources03.45 - CloseKey Learning Outcomes for Both Days:Upon completing this course, participants will be able to:1. Explain the basic physiology of cardiovascular disease.2. Perform risk assessments with patients and discuss modifiable factors such as diet and exercise.3. Describe the targets for blood pressure and cholesterol and how these affect primary and secondary prevention of CVD.4. Describe the basic anti-hypertensive and cholesterol-lowering medications involved in CVD.5. Name the major complications that may arise in people with a long duration of CVD and measures that may limit or prevent them.6. Describe the key advice to patients regarding Heart Failure and recognition of when to escalate/refer.7. Perform a safe review for stroke, CHD, and HF, recognizing how to work within your professional limits and when to signpost.8. Provide examples of referral pathways to other services, e.g., weight management, secondary care, activity, and psychological services.9. Explain the key components and process of an annual review and a self-management plan.Join us for this comprehensive 2-day course via Zoom and enhance your ability to provide effective cardiovascular disease care within primary care settings.

Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease
Delivered OnlineFlexible Dates
£300

ECG - Introduction & Advanced Course Package

4.6(39)

By Geopace Training

THIS COURSE PACKAGE INCLUDES: 1: INTRODUCTION TO ECG COURSE - RECORDING & BASIC INTERPRETATION (GPT009) 2: ADVANCED ECG COURSE - INTERPRETATION & ANALYSIS (GPT010) Learn how to set up and record a basic ECG trace, followed by advanced analysis and interpretation FAST-TRACK YOUR ECG TRAINING WITH OUR BEGINNER TO ADVANCED TRAINING PACKAGE 20% off - Multi-Course Discount Cover all stages from Level 1 through to Level 4 (FDSc) Cover your theory training online Practical training in Classroom or Virtual Classroom Comprehensive Practise@Home training kits for VC Awards 2 accredited qualifications Dual Accreditations are awarded for all courses (Open College Network and CPD) Covers all steps required to competently set up and perform an ECG trace. Practical sessions include electrode placement on mannequin, running traces and identifying anomalies. Learn beginner to advanced skills and interpretation. Basic understanding of English language required. OPEN TO ALL APPLICANTS About these courses 1: INTRODUCTION TO ECG COURSE - RECORDING AND BASIC INTERPRETATION (GPT009) PART 1 - Theory Allow approx. 5-6 hours PART 2 - Practical Training Attend a classroom location or join us in our virtual classroom * - 3-4 hours ACCREDITED LEVEL 3 QUALIFICATION * Virtual Classroom option includes a free comprehensive Practise@Home ECG training kit. 2: ADVANCED ECG COURSE - INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS (GPT010) E-LEARNING - Theory Allow approx. 6-8 hours ACCREDITED LEVEL 4 QUALIFICATION OPTIONAL: GETTING STARTED IN ECG (GPT002) A free starter ECG Course (unassessed) developed to help you understand the basics of ECG recording: 3 modules in total with no Questions! If you are already familiar with ECGs then you may prefer to save time and opt out of this mini-course at booking stage. This "mini-course" is available at no charge. Learning Outcomes GPT009: Understanding different ECG equipment types ECG equipment - set-up and calibration Includes professionalism, consent, IPC and legal requirement Patient preparation How to correctly apply electrodes to limbs and chest Identify artifacts (equipment and patients Identify and recognise routine traces Identify and recognise non-routine traces Identify traces requiring urgent attention Labelling and reporting GPT010: Understand the acceptable variations within the normal ECG of healthy adults. Recognise the expected patterns of an ECG from a healthy child from birth onwards and identify abnormalities. Interpret abnormal ECG patterns in adults. Diagnose arrhythmias as an underlying cause of palpitations and syncope. Exploring sinus rhythm, extrasystoles, paroxysmal tachycardia and the importance of a physical examination. Identifying syncopal episodes attributable to cardiovascular disease as opposed to arrhythmias. Recognise ECG markers for tachycardias, bradycardias, pre-excitation syndromes, bi-fascicular block, and first-degree block with bundle branch block. Differentiate between supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles and be able to diagnose broad complex tachycardias, ventricular flutter and fibrillation, sick sinus syndrome, and Stokes-Adams attacks. Recognise and identify symptoms associated with the causes of acute or chronic chest pain in patients who present with myocardial infarction (heart attack), pulmonary embolism, significant central pulmonary embolism, pericarditis, aortic dissection, oesophageal rupture, spinal disorders, vertebral collapse, posterior infarction, and angina. Recognise symptoms indicative of conditions such as pulmonary oedema, chest diseases, and pulmonary congestion. After the course GPT009: Safely and competently set up an ECG machine Introduce patients to the ECG test, adhering to compliancy requirements before and after testing Perform an ECG test to national guidelines Understand basic traces and their correlation to cardiac issues Recognise normal and erroneous recordings Recognise recordings that require urgent medical follow-up Complete the recording and label (or record digital copies) as per guidelines GPT010: Appreciate normal and abnormal ECG variations in the context of varying pathologies. Be able to determine whether an arrhythmia has an underlying cause that requires medical intervention. Interpret ECGs as a function of the patient's ongoing cardiac management. Understand and apply the Burce Protocol exercise test in relevant clinical situations. Know how to clinically respond to a patient with chest pain including further investigations required, pain relief, history and examination and echocardiogram. Understand and apply the fundamental principles of arrhythmia management. Understand the primary causes of heart disease and the diagnostic process. Appreciate the importance of the ECG as a diagnostic tool alongside the patient’s history and clinical presentation and recognising its limitations. Course Package Components: PACKAGE - Beginner to Advanced ECG - Virtual Classroom - INTRO - Part 1 online Part 2 Virtual Classroom (AM) + ADVANCED - E-learning

ECG - Introduction & Advanced Course Package
Delivered Online + more
£336

Clinical Skills for Health Care Assistants Course (3 Days: 1-day Webinar & 2-days In Person)

4.9(21)

By AB Health Group

Clinical skills, HCAs, Nurses, Chronic disease

Clinical Skills for Health Care Assistants Course (3 Days: 1-day Webinar & 2-days In Person)
Delivered In-Person in Newcastle Upon Tyne + 1 more
£430

Anatomy and physiology Training Course

By Compete High

🔬 Embark on a Journey of Discovery: Anatomy and Physiology Training Course! 🌐 Are you ready to unravel the mysteries of the human body? Dive into our Anatomy and Physiology Training Course, a comprehensive program meticulously designed to deepen your understanding of the intricacies of human anatomy and physiology. Join us on a journey where science meets discovery, and turn your passion for the human body into a foundation for a fulfilling career. 🌟 Module 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Embark on your exploration with Module 1, providing a comprehensive introduction to the fascinating world of anatomy and physiology. Lay the groundwork for understanding the structure and function of the human body. Delve into the essential concepts, terminology, and the interconnectedness of various bodily systems. 💀 Module 2: Skeletal System Enter the framework of the body with Module 2, dedicated to the skeletal system. Explore the bones, joints, and connective tissues that form the foundation of our physical structure. Understand the role of the skeletal system in providing support, protection, and facilitating movement. 💪 Module 3: Muscular System Dive into the powerhouse of movement with Module 3, focusing on the muscular system. Explore the various muscles, their functions, and the mechanics of muscle contraction. Gain insights into how muscles work in harmony to produce coordinated movement and maintain posture. ️ Module 4: Cardiovascular System Explore the body's intricate transport system with Module 4, dedicated to the cardiovascular system. Examine the heart, blood vessels, and blood components, understanding how they work together to circulate oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. Uncover the complexities of cardiovascular health and functionality. 🌬️ Module 5: Respiratory System Venture into the breath of life with Module 5, focusing on the respiratory system. Explore the anatomy of the lungs, airways, and the mechanics of breathing. Understand the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and how the respiratory system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis. 🌟 Why Choose Our Anatomy and Physiology Training Course? Expert Instruction: Learn from experienced anatomists and physiologists with a deep understanding of the human body. Interactive Learning: Engage in virtual dissections, simulations, and practical exercises to reinforce your theoretical knowledge. Clinical Applications: Understand the practical applications of anatomy and physiology in various healthcare and wellness fields. Career Pathways: Develop a strong foundation for careers in healthcare, fitness, research, and education. Don't miss the opportunity to unlock the secrets of the human body! Enroll now in the Anatomy and Physiology Training Course and pave the way for a career where your in-depth knowledge of the body becomes a foundation for making a positive impact. Your journey into the wonders of anatomy and physiology begins here! 🔬✨🎓 Course Curriculum Module 1_ Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology. Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology. 00:00 Module 2_ Skeletal System. Skeletal System. 00:00 Module 3_ Muscular System. Muscular System. 00:00 Module 4_ Cardiovascular System. Cardiovascular System. 00:00 Module 5_ Respiratory System. Respiratory System. 00:00

Anatomy and physiology Training Course
Delivered Online On Demand5 hours
£25

Principles of Pharmacology

By Online Training Academy

Unlock the science behind drug interactions and therapeutic principles with our comprehensive "Principles of Pharmacology" course. Perfect for aspiring pharmacologists, healthcare professionals, and students, this course delves into essential topics essential for understanding the impact of medications on the human body. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the "Principles of Pharmacology" course, learners will explore essential concepts and practices in the study of how drugs affect the body. They will gain a deep understanding of how medications are developed, regulated, and used in treating various health conditions. The course covers the effects of drugs on the nervous system, heart, hormones, and immune responses, providing insights into their mechanisms and applications. Students will also learn about the specific pharmacological treatments for cancer and understand the principles of toxicology, including how substances can be harmful to biological systems. This comprehensive curriculum equips learners with crucial knowledge to understand drug actions, their therapeutic uses, and potential risks, preparing them to contribute effectively in fields related to healthcare, research, and pharmaceutical industries. Course Curriculum Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation Module 03: Neuropharmacology Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology Module 07: Chemotherapy Module 08: Toxicology Learning Outcomes: Understand fundamental principles of pharmacology and their applications in healthcare. Analyze the process of drug development and the regulatory framework. Explain neuropharmacology and its implications in neurological disorders treatment. Evaluate cardiovascular pharmacology and its impact on heart health management. Discuss endocrine pharmacology and its role in hormonal balance maintenance. Explore inflammation and immune pharmacology in the context of immune system regulation. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Principles of Pharmacology 1:33:31 1: Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology 13:50 2: Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation 09:27 3: Module 03: Neuropharmacology 09:35 4: Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology 12:25 5: Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology 14:46 6: Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology 09:27 7: Module 07: Chemotherapy 11:50 8: Module 08: Toxicology 11:11 9: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 Who is this course for? Pharmacology students seeking foundational knowledge. Healthcare professionals expanding their understanding of pharmacological principles. Researchers focusing on drug development and regulatory aspects. Medical professionals specializing in neurological or cardiovascular fields. Biomedical scientists interested in pharmacological research. Career path Pharmacologist Pharmaceutical Research Scientist Clinical Trial Coordinator Cardiovascular Pharmacologist Neuropharmacologist Toxicologist Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Principles of Pharmacology
Delivered Online On Demand1 hour 36 minutes
£12

Principles of Pharmacology

By Online Training Academy

Unlock the science behind drug interactions and therapeutic principles with our comprehensive "Principles of Pharmacology" course. Perfect for aspiring pharmacologists, healthcare professionals, and students, this course delves into essential topics essential for understanding the impact of medications on the human body. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the "Principles of Pharmacology" course, learners will explore essential concepts and practices in the study of how drugs affect the body. They will gain a deep understanding of how medications are developed, regulated, and used in treating various health conditions. The course covers the effects of drugs on the nervous system, heart, hormones, and immune responses, providing insights into their mechanisms and applications. Students will also learn about the specific pharmacological treatments for cancer and understand the principles of toxicology, including how substances can be harmful to biological systems. This comprehensive curriculum equips learners with crucial knowledge to understand drug actions, their therapeutic uses, and potential risks, preparing them to contribute effectively in fields related to healthcare, research, and pharmaceutical industries. Course Curriculum Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation Module 03: Neuropharmacology Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology Module 07: Chemotherapy Module 08: Toxicology Learning Outcomes: Understand fundamental principles of pharmacology and their applications in healthcare. Analyze the process of drug development and the regulatory framework. Explain neuropharmacology and its implications in neurological disorders treatment. Evaluate cardiovascular pharmacology and its impact on heart health management. Discuss endocrine pharmacology and its role in hormonal balance maintenance. Explore inflammation and immune pharmacology in the context of immune system regulation. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Principles of Pharmacology 1:33:31 1: Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology 13:50 2: Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation 09:27 3: Module 03: Neuropharmacology 09:35 4: Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology 12:25 5: Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology 14:46 6: Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology 09:27 7: Module 07: Chemotherapy 11:50 8: Module 08: Toxicology 11:11 9: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 Who is this course for? Pharmacology students seeking foundational knowledge. Healthcare professionals expanding their understanding of pharmacological principles. Researchers focusing on drug development and regulatory aspects. Medical professionals specializing in neurological or cardiovascular fields. Biomedical scientists interested in pharmacological research. Career path Pharmacologist Pharmaceutical Research Scientist Clinical Trial Coordinator Cardiovascular Pharmacologist Neuropharmacologist Toxicologist Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Principles of Pharmacology
Delivered Online On Demand1 hour 36 minutes
£12

Principles of Pharmacology

By Online Training Academy

Unlock the science behind drug interactions and therapeutic principles with our comprehensive "Principles of Pharmacology" course. Perfect for aspiring pharmacologists, healthcare professionals, and students, this course delves into essential topics essential for understanding the impact of medications on the human body. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the "Principles of Pharmacology" course, learners will explore essential concepts and practices in the study of how drugs affect the body. They will gain a deep understanding of how medications are developed, regulated, and used in treating various health conditions. The course covers the effects of drugs on the nervous system, heart, hormones, and immune responses, providing insights into their mechanisms and applications. Students will also learn about the specific pharmacological treatments for cancer and understand the principles of toxicology, including how substances can be harmful to biological systems. This comprehensive curriculum equips learners with crucial knowledge to understand drug actions, their therapeutic uses, and potential risks, preparing them to contribute effectively in fields related to healthcare, research, and pharmaceutical industries. Course Curriculum Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation Module 03: Neuropharmacology Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology Module 07: Chemotherapy Module 08: Toxicology Learning Outcomes: Understand fundamental principles of pharmacology and their applications in healthcare. Analyze the process of drug development and the regulatory framework. Explain neuropharmacology and its implications in neurological disorders treatment. Evaluate cardiovascular pharmacology and its impact on heart health management. Discuss endocrine pharmacology and its role in hormonal balance maintenance. Explore inflammation and immune pharmacology in the context of immune system regulation. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Principles of Pharmacology 1:33:31 1: Module 01: Fundamental Principles of Pharmacology 13:50 2: Module 02: Drug Development and Regulation 09:27 3: Module 03: Neuropharmacology 09:35 4: Module 04: Cardiovascular Pharmacology 12:25 5: Module 05: Endocrine Pharmacology 14:46 6: Module 06: Inflammation and Immune Pharmacology 09:27 7: Module 07: Chemotherapy 11:50 8: Module 08: Toxicology 11:11 9: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 Who is this course for? Pharmacology students seeking foundational knowledge. Healthcare professionals expanding their understanding of pharmacological principles. Researchers focusing on drug development and regulatory aspects. Medical professionals specializing in neurological or cardiovascular fields. Biomedical scientists interested in pharmacological research. Career path Pharmacologist Pharmaceutical Research Scientist Clinical Trial Coordinator Cardiovascular Pharmacologist Neuropharmacologist Toxicologist Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Principles of Pharmacology
Delivered Online On Demand2 minutes
£12

English for Healthcare Part - 2

By iStudy UK

Course Description Get instant knowledge from this bite-sized English for Healthcare Part - 2 course. This course is very short and you can complete it within a very short time. In this English for Healthcare Part - 2 course you will get fundamental ideas of English for healthcare, the key understanding of the musculoskeletal system, immunity system and so on. Enrol in this course today and start your instant first step towards learning about the cardiovascular system. Learn faster for instant implementation. Learning Outcome Familiarise with the respiratory system Understand the musculoskeletal system Understand the blood and immunity system Learn about the cardiovascular system How Much Do Health Care Assistants Earn? Senior - £51,000 (Apprx.) Average - £29,000 (Apprx.) Starting - £16,000 (Apprx.) Requirement Our English for Healthcare Part - 2 is fully compatible with any kind of device. Whether you are using Windows computer, Mac, smartphones or tablets, you will get the same experience while learning. Besides that, you will be able to access the course with any kind of internet connection from anywhere at any time without any kind of limitation. English for Healthcare Part - 2 Module 01: Cardiovascular System 00:22:00 Module 02: Blood and Immunity System 00:17:00 Module 03: Respiratory System 00:19:00 Module 04: Musculoskeletal System 00:19:00 Assignment Assignment - English for Healthcare Part - 2 00:00:00

English for Healthcare Part - 2
Delivered Online On Demand1 hour 17 minutes
£25

Educators matching "Cardiovascular"

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Pcsk9 Education And Research Forum

pcsk9 education and research forum

Alcester

Reducing low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is the priority in managing patients with severe dyslipidaemia (cholesterol abnormality) and at high risk of cardiovascular (CV) death and disability. Yet even when treated with potent statins, many patients fail to achieve LDL-cholesterol targets and therefore their risk of accelerated atherosclerosis and CV death remains high. This problem is particularly critical in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) (the most commonly occurring genetic condition in the world). People with FH typically have very high LDL cholesterol levels on treatment, and consequently, are at very high risk of premature and sudden CV death, myocardial infarction and stroke. Additionally, some patients are unable to tolerate statins – particularly at higher doses – and, therefore, do not achieve LDL-cholesterol goals. What is the importance of PCSK9? Discovered in 2003,1 PCSK9 is a protein made by the liver which increases the removal of LDL receptors from the surface of liver cells. These LDL receptors are critically important in removal of serum LDL-cholesterol from the circulation. People with so-called ‘gain of function’ PCSK9 mutations over-express PCSK9, and therefore have very high plasma levels of LDL cholesterol and are at very risk of atherosclerosis and CV mortality and morbidity.2 In contrast, people with so-called ‘loss of function’ PCSK9 mutations, have very LDL cholesterol levels and reduced risk for heart disease.3 What is PCSK9 inhibition? Different approaches to lowering PCSK9 are now licensed. These include fully human monoclonal antibodies (alirocumab, evolocumab) and a small-interfering RNA therapy (inclisiran). Trials show that these PCSK9 inhibitors reduce LDL cholesterol levels by about 50-60 percent - a significantly greater effect than that achieved with currently available therapies – either when given alone or in combination. These LDL cholesterol lowering effects have been consistently across a broad group of patients, including those with familial hypercholesterolaemia in clinical trials.4 Which clinical settings will benefit from the availability of PCSK9 inhibitors? These treatments offer the potential to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients whose clinical needs cannot be satisfied by current therapy. These include: Patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia – an inherited disorder of lipid metabolism with a very high risk of early CV death or morbidity, if not diagnosed or treated early Patients who cannot tolerate statins, who therefore remain at high risk of CV events such as heart attacks and strokes Patients with established heart disease who have not achieved LDL-cholesterol goals despite current therapies