19 Courses in Bristol

Are you a fresher and looking to start your career as a phlebotomist or are you currently employed in the healthcare profession and looking to expand your phlebotomy skills in order to build a rewarding career in this field? Or simply want to understand the blood collection procedure and gather skills to handle and transport specimens securely. This comprehensive phlebotomy course online is ideal for you! Course Highlights You will be given ample opportunity to practise on the manikins Face to Face Practical Training National Occupational Standard for Obtaining Venous Blood Sample Demonstrate appropriate infection control principles when performing training 3 Hours of Remote Theoretical Learning 7 Hours of Face-to-Face Training Sessions at Swindon Centre 7 Hours of Face-to-Face Training Sessions at Bristol Centre 1 Day of Face-to-Face Training Sessions at Birmingham Centre 8 Hours of Face-to-Face Training Sessions at London Centre Once confident at taking blood from the manikin you will have the opportunity to take blood from a fellow participant with consent. Accredited by the CPD Certification Designed by expert healthcare professionals. This extensive course covers the following credentials: Venepuncture process Vial labelling Blood-taking techniques Safety protocols, Needle safety techniques Processing of blood samples Prioritising patients System of needle measurement Maintaining the accuracy of specimen labels Controlling and preventing infection Techniques for preserving clinical proficiency Legal repercussions of bad behaviour Causes of infection and needed records Identify the veins used for Venepuncture (Phlebotomy) Solving issues might arise during the actual operation Classroom-Based Phlebotomy Training Course To ensure effective training, our classroom-based learning is divided into two parts: Remote theoretical learning (online) For the first part of our phlebotomy course online, we provide in-depth theoretical learning which you can complete from the comfort of your home. You can go on to the practical learning portion once the coursework and assessments have been successfully completed. Face-to-face practical learning (designated London-based office, with a similar structure at Swindon, Bristol and Birmingham offices) As part of the practical training, you will receive practical demonstrations and hands-on experience to justify your role. The practical learning part is divided into two learning slots with each weighing 4 hours of time: First 4 hours session: Through practical demonstration using a mannikins, you will be taught how to smoothly draw blood, reduce risks, and control the patient’s reaction. Last 4 hours of sessions: You will then have the chance to draw blood from fellow participants with consent while being closely supervised. Phlebotomy | Online Course | Lead Academy - Trailer Who is this Phlebotomy Training Course for? This phlebotomy course is primarily aimed at: Phlebotomists Health Visitors Physiotherapists Occupational Therapists Healthcare professionals Nurses, midwives, phramcists and doctors Freshers looking to begin their career as a phlebotomist Anyone looking to enhance their blood-sampling skills Whether you are a fresher looking to kickstart your career in the field of phlebotomy or a practicing healthcare looking to enhance your phlebotomy skills, this course will help you achieve your professional aspirations by all means. Entry Requirements There are no academic entry requirements for this online phlebotomy course, and it is open to students of all academic backgrounds. Entry Requirements There are no academic entry requirements for this blood taking course, and it is open to students of all academic backgrounds. However, you are required to have a laptop/desktop/tablet or smartphone and a good internet connection. Assessment Method In this phlebotomy course learners will be assessed through observation. That means during the practical training you will be observed by the supervisor/trainer. Upon successful demonstration of blood sampling and blood draw, you will be awarded a CPD-accredited certificate that is accepted by thousands of professional bodies and government regulators here in the UK and around the world. We also offer face-to-face practical training for Cannulation Training, Catheterisation Training, and Advanced / Competency Phlebotomy Training Course Curriculum Module 1: Introduction Module 2: Steps Before Withdrawing Blood (Venepuncture) Module 3: Basic Anatomy Lessons Module 4: Dos and Donts for Vein Selection Module 5: Preparation for Venepuncture Module 6: Managing Patient’s Expectations Module 7: Complications Issues during Venipuncture Module 8: Processing of Blood Samples Module 9: Conclusion Recognised Accreditation This phlebotomy course is accredited by Continuing Professional Development (CPD). CPD is globally recognised by employers, professional organisations and academic intuitions, thus a certificate from CPD Certification Service creates value towards your professional goal and achievement. CPD-certified certificates are accepted by thousands of professional bodies and government regulators here in the UK and around the world. Many organisations look for employees with CPD requirements, which means, that by doing the phlebotomy course, you would be a potential candidate in your respective field.

Bristol Fencing Club Adult (14+) Beginner Course

Bristol Fencing Club Adult (14+) Beginner Course

This advanced phlebotomy course will allow you to receive practical demonstrations and hands-on training as a part of the practical training to support your role. At the beginning of the session, you will be required to observe the experienced trainers and trained phlebotomists. You will learn how to smoothly draw blood, minimize hazards, and manage the patient’s reaction through a practical demonstration on a mannequin. Finally, under close supervision, you will get the opportunity to collect blood samples from other fellow colleagues.  Course Highlights Gain a Recommendation Letter from Your Supervisor Accredited by the CPD Certification Recognised and Valuable Certification Face-to-Face Practical Training Sessions Supervised by experienced phlebotomists Location & Class Schedule Venue Location Nr. 1: Bank Studio, 23 Park Royal Road, NW10 7JH You can select your preferred date from any of the following months: 7th, 12th, 18th December, 2024 9th, 13th and 21st December, 2024 3rd, 8th and 13th January, 2025 10th, 17th and 21st January, 2025 12th, 19th and 24th January, 2025 20th, 27th January and 3rd February, 2025 9th,16th, 23th February, 2025 11th, 18th, 25th February, 2025 19th, 27th February and 3rd March, 2025 11th, 18th, 22nd March, 2025 13th, 20th, 27th March, 2025 21st March, 28th March, 4th April, 2025 10th, 18th, 25th April, 2025 17th, 24th, 30th April, 2025 21st, 26th April, 1 May, 2025 Venue Location Nr. 2: 83-85 Hagley Road, Birmingham, B16 8QG You can select your preferred date from any of the following months: 1st, 7th and 13th December, 2024 5th, 12th and 19th December, 2024 16th, 23rd and 30th January, 2025 17th, 24th and 31st January, 2025 13th, 20th and 27th February, 2025 14th, 21st and 28th February, 2025 13th, 20th and 27th March, 2025 14th, 21st and 28th March, 2025 10th, 17th, 24th April, 2025 18th, 25th April, 2nd May, 2025 15th, 22nd, 29th May, 2025 15th, 22nd, 29th May, 2025 Venue Location Nr. 3: Pure Offices, Kembrey Park, Swindon, SN2 8BW You can select your preferred date from any of the following months: 30th November, 7th & 14th December 2024 1st, 8th and 15th December, 2024 11th, 18th and 25th January, 2025 8th, 15th, 22nd February, 2025 15th, 22nd, 29th March, 2025 12th, 19th, 26th April, 2025 17th, 24th, 31st May, 2025 Venue Location Nr. 4: Filwood Community Centre, Knowle, Bristol BS4 1JP You can select your preferred date from any of the following months: 15th, 22nd and 28th January, 2025 14th, 21st, 28th March, 2025 16th, 23rd, 30th May, 2025 It can be tough to put your best foot forward in the job market with only online Phlebotomy training. Hence, our practical sessions will provide you with the required experience that your employers might want to see when you apply for the job. This advanced phlebotomy competency training is designed to give you an opportunity to practice, build confidence and gain valuable experience, which will help your professional career when you will apply for the job.  This extensive course covers the following credentials:  Practical demonstration Labelling tubes Blood-taking techniques Code of practice Safety protocols Needle safety techniques Processing of blood samples Prioritising patients Who is this Advanced Phlebotomy Training Course for? This advanced phlebotomy course is primarily aimed at:   Phlebotomists Health Visitors Physiotherapists Occupational Therapists Healthcare professionals Nurses, midwives, pharmacists and doctors Freshers looking to begin their career as a phlebotomist Anyone looking to enhance their blood-sampling skills Whether you are a fresher looking to kickstart your career in the field of phlebotomy or practising healthcare looking to enhance your phlebotomy skills, this course will help you achieve your professional aspirations by all means.   Aims and Learning Outcomes of this Advanced Phlebotomy Training Course  By the end of this advanced phlebotomy course, you will:  Know how to utilise proper safety precautions Assess a phlebotomist’s personal and professional attributes Accept the core roles and obligations of a phlebotomist Understand the code of conduct required to be followed by a phlebotomist Know how to draw blood using the right procedure Establish the process to handle venipuncture-related issues Understand how to handle and preserve blood samples safely Entry Requirements In order to attend the advanced phlebotomy course you need to complete our basic phlebotomy training course. However, it is open to students of all academic backgrounds. Assessment Method As part of the assessment, you will be required to execute a live blood draw and collection that will be closely supervised and marked by the experienced phlebotomist responsible for monitoring you.  Upon successful demonstration of blood sampling, you will be awarded a certificate of competency that is accepted by thousands of professional bodies and government regulators here in the UK and around the world. Recognised Accreditation This course is accredited by Continuing Professional Development (CPD). CPD UK is globally recognised by employers, professional organisations, and academic institutions, thus a certificate from CPD Certification Service creates value towards your professional goal and achievement. CPD certificates are accepted by thousands of professional bodies and government regulators here in the UK and around the world. Many organisations look for employees with CPD requirements, which means, that by doing this course, you would be a potential candidate in your respective field. Certificate of Achievement Competency Certificate and Certificate of Achievement from Lead Academy You will receive a competency certificate after successfully completing the Part 2 of the phlebotomy course, which serves as confirmation that you are qualified to function as a phlebotomist without the need for close supervision. Also, on successful completion of the phlebotomy course, you will be eligible to obtain a CPD accredited PDF and Hardcopy certificate of achievement as proof of your new skill. The certificate of achievement is an official credential that confirms that you successfully finished a course with Lead Academy.

Overview This course will give you a whole tour of how to enhance your skills as a UI/UX Design using Adobe. It is very important to master the basics of web and visual design because that is important for UI design eg designing buttons, typography, drop shadow etc. With having a good foundation in visual and web design become an essential key to become a skilled UI/UX Designer.

HTML5 development training course description This three-day MTA Training course helps you prepare for Microsoft Technology Associate Exam 98-375, and build an understanding of these topics: Manage the Application Life Cycle, Build the User Interface by Using HTML5, Format the User Interface by Using CSS, Code by Using JavaScript. This course leverages the same content as found in the Microsoft Official Academic Course (MOAC) for this exam. What will you learn Manage the Application Life Cycle. Build the User Interface by Using HTML5. Format the User Interface by Using CSS. Code by Using JavaScript. HTML5 development training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with HTML5. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days HTML5 development training course contents Managing the Application Life Cycle Platform fundamentals Packaging and the runtime environment: app package, app container, credentials/permission sets, host process, leverage existing HTML5 skills and content for slate/tablet applications. Manage the state of an application Manage session state, app state and persist state information; understand states of an application; understand the differences between local and session storage. Debug and test a HTML5 touch-enabled application Touch gestures; gestures you test on a device. HTML5 UI: Text, Graphics, and Media HTML5 tags for text content and graphics. When, why and how to use Canvas; when, why and how to use scalable vector graphics (SVG). HTML5 tags to play media. Video and audio tags. HTML5 UI: Organization, Input, and Validation HTML5 tags to organise content and forms Tables, lists, sections; semantic HTML. HTML5 tags for input and validation CSS Essentials: Content Flow, Positioning, styling Core CSS concepts Separate presentation from content (create content with HTML and style content with CSS); manage content flow (inline versus block flow); manage positioning of individual elements( float versus absolute positioning); manage content overflow (scrolling, visible and hidden); basic CSS styling. CSS Essentials: Layouts Arrange UI content by using CSS Use flexible box and grid layouts to establish content alignment, direction and orientation; proportional scaling and use of "free scale" for elements within a flexible box or grid; order and arrange content; concepts for using flex box for simple layouts and grid for complex layouts; grid content properties for rows and columns; use application templates. Managing Text Flow by Using CSS Regions and using regions to flow text content between multiple sections (content source, content container, dynamic flow, flow-into, flow-from, msRegionUpdate, msRegionOverflow, msGetRegionContent); columns and hyphenation and using these CSS settings to optimise the readability of text; use "positioned floats" to create text flow around a floating object Managing the Graphical Interface by Using CSS Graphics effects (rounded edges, shadows, transparency, background gradients, typography and Web Open Font Format); 2-D 3-D transformations (translate, scale, rotate, skew and 3-D perspective transitions and animations); SVG filter effects; Canvas. JavaScript and coding essentials Manage and maintain JavaScript, Create and use functions; jQuery and other third-party libraries. Update the UI by using JavaScript Locate/access elements; listen and respond to events; show and hide elements; update the content of elements. Animations, Graphics, and Accessing Data Code animations with JavaScript animation; manipulate the canvas; work with images, shapes and other graphics. Access data access by using JavaScript Send and receive data; transmit complex objects and parsing; load and save files; App Cache; datatypes; forms; cookies; localStorage JavaScript coding for Touch Interface, Device and Operating System Resources, and More Respond to the touch interface, Gestures, how to capture and respond to gestures, Code additional HTML5 APIs, GeoLocation, Web Workers, WebSocket; File API, Access device and operating system resources, In- memory resources, such as contact lists and calendar; hardware capabilities, such as GPS, accelerometer and camera.

Complete C# programming training course description This training course teaches developers the programming skills that are required for developers to create Windows applications using the C# language. Students review the basics of C# program structure, language syntax, and implementation details, and then consolidate their knowledge throughout the week as they build an application that incorporates several features of the .NET Framework. What will you learn Use the syntax and features of C#. Create and call methods, catch and handle exceptions, and describe the monitoring requirements of large-scale applications. Implement a typical desktop application. Create class, define and implement interfaces, and create and generic collections. Read and write data to/from files. Build a GUI using XAML. Complete C# programming training course details Who will benefit: Programmers wishing to learn C#. Prerequisites: Developers attending this course should already have gained some limited experience using C# to complete basic programming tasks. Duration 5 days Complete C# programming training course contents Review of C# Syntax Overview of Writing Applications using C#, Datatypes, Operators, and Expressions. C# Programming Language Constructs. Hands on Developing the Class Enrolment Application. Methods, exceptions and monitoring apps Creating and Invoking Methods. Creating Overloaded Methods and Using Optional and Output Parameters. Handling Exceptions. Monitoring Applications. Hands on Extending the Class Enrolment Application Functionality. Developing a graphical application Implementing Structs and Enums. Organizing Data into Collections. Handling Events. Hands on Writing the Grades Prototype Application. Classes and Type-safe collections Creating Classes. Defining and Implementing Interfaces. Implementing Type-safe Collections. Hands on Adding Data Validation and Type-safety to the Grades Application. Class hierarchy using Inheritance Class hierarchies. Extending .NET framework classes. Creating generic types. Hands on Refactoring common functionality into the User Class. Reading and writing local data Reading and Writing Files. Serializing and Deserializing Data. Performing I/O Using Streams. Hands on Generating the Grades Report. Accessing a Database Creating and using entity data models. Querying and updating data by using LINQ. Hands on Retrieving and modifying grade data. Accessing remote data Accessing data across the web and in the cloud. Hands on Modifying grade data in the Cloud. Designing the UI for a graphical applicatione Using XAML to design a User Interface. Binding controls to data. Styling a UI. Hands on Customizing Student Photographs and Styling the Application. Improving performance and responsiveness Implementing Multitasking by using tasks and Lambda Expressions. Performing operations asynchronously. Synchronizing concurrent data access. Hands on Improving the responsiveness and performance of the application. Integrating with unmanaged code Creating and using dynamic objects. Managing the Lifetime of objects and controlling unmanaged resources. Hands on Upgrading the grades report. Creating reusable types and assemblies Examining Object Metadata. Creating and Using Custom Attributes. Generating Managed Code. Versioning, Signing and Deploying Assemblies. Hands on Specifying the Data to Include in the Grades Report. Encrypting and Decrypting Data Implementing Symmetric Encryption. Implementing Asymmetric Encryption. Hands on Encrypting and Decrypting Grades Reports.

Complete JavaScript training course description A hands on course covering JavaScript programming. Core JavaScript is covered first, including the basics, arrays, functions, classes, modules and Regular expressions. Client side JavaScript is then covered including JavaScript in browsers, Scripting CSS, the jQuery library and HTML APIs. What will you learn Read JavaScript. Write JavaScript. Debug JavaScript. Complete JavaScript training course details Who will benefit: Anyone wishing to learn JavaScript. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days Complete JavaScript training course contents CORE JAVASCRIPT Lexical structure: Character set, comments, literals, identifiers, and reserved words, optional semicolons.. Types, values and variables: Numbers, text, boolean values, null and undefines, the global object, wrapper objects, immutable primitive values and mutable object references, type conversions, variable declaration, variable scope. Expressions and operators: Primary expressions, object and array initializers, function definition expressions, property access expressions, invocation expressions, object creation expressions, operator overview, arithmetic expressions, relational expressions, logical expressions, assignment expressions, evaluation expressions, miscellaneous operators. Statements: Expression statements, compound and empty statements, declaration statements, conditionals, loops, jumps, miscellaneous statements, summary of JavaScript statements. Objects: Creating objects, querying and setting properties, deleting properties, testing properties, enumerating properties, property getters and setters, property attributes, object attributes, serializing objects, object methods. Arrays: Creating arrays, reading and writing array elements, sparse arrays, array length, adding and deleting array elements, iterating arrays, multi-dimensional arrays, array methods, FCMAScript 5 array methods, array type, array-like objects, strings as arrays. Functions: Defining functions, invoking functions, function arguments and parameters, functions as values, functions as namespaces, closures, function properties, methods and constructor, functional programming. Classes and modules: Classes and prototypes, classes and constructors, Java-style classes in JavaScript, augmenting classes, classes and types, object oriented techniques in JavaScript, subclasses, classes in ECMAScript 5, modules. Pattern matching and regular expressions: Defining regular expressions, string methods for pattern matching, the RegExp object. JavaScript subsets and extensions: JavaScript subsets, constants and scoped variables, destructuring assignment, iteration, shorthand functions, multiple catch clauses, E4X: ECMAScript for XML. Server-side JavaScript: Scripting Java with Rhino, asynchronous I/O with node. CLIENT SIDE JAVASCRIPT JavaScript in web browsers: Client side JavaScript, embedding JavaScript in HTML, execution of JavaScript programs, compatibility and interoperability, accessibility, security, client side frameworks. The Window object: Timers, browser location and navigation, browsing history, browser screen information, dialog boxes, error handling, document elements as window properties, multiple windows and frames. Scripting Documents: Overview of the DOM, selecting document elements, document structure and traversal, attributes, element content, creating, inserting and deleting nodes. Example: generating a table of contents, document and element geometry and scrolling, HTML forms, other document features. Scripting CSS: Overview of CSS, important CSS properties, scripting inline styles, querying computed styles, scripting CSS classes, scripting stylesheets. Handling events: Types of events, registering event handlers, event handler invocation, document load events, mouse events, mousewheel events, drag and drop events, text events, keyboard events. Scripted HTTP: Using XMLHttpRequest, HTTP by <script>: JSOMP, Comet with server-sent events. The jQuery library: jQuery basics, jQuery getters and setters, altering document structure, handling events with jQuery, Animated effects, Ajax with jQuery, Utility functions, jQuery selectors and selection methods, Extending jQuery with plug-ins. The jQuery UI library. Client side storage: localStorage and sessionStorage, Cookies, IE usingData persistence, Applicatioin storage and offline webapps. Scripted media and graphics: Scripting images, Scripting audio and video, SCG:scalable vector graphics, Graphics in a <canvas>. Scripted HTTP: Using XMLHttpRequest, HTTP by <script>: JSOMP, Comet with server-sent events. The jQuery library: jQuery basics, jQuery getters and setters, altering document structure, handling events with jQuery, Animated effects, Ajax with jQuery, Utility functions, jQuery selectors and selection methods, Extending jQuery with plug-ins. The jQuery UI library. Client side storage: localStorage and sessionStorage, Cookies, IE usingData persistence, Applicatioin storage and offline webapps. Scripted media and graphics: Scripting images, Scripting audio and video, SCG:scalable vector graphics, Graphics in a <canvas>. HTMLS APIs: Geolocation, history management, cross-origin messaging, web workers, type arrays and ArrayBuffers, blobs, the filesystem API, client side databases, web sockets.

Complete VB.Net training course description A hands on introduction to programming in Visual BASIC .Net. What will you learn Build Visual BASIC applications. Build simple components Debug Visual BASIC programs. Examine existing code and determine its function. Complete VB.Net training course details Who will benefit: Anyone wishing to program in Visual BASIC. Anyone wishing to build Windows based applications. Prerequisites: None although experience in another high level language would be useful. Duration 5 days Complete VB.Net training course contents Writing your first program Visual Studio, forms designer, running VB programs, the UI, properties, writing the code. Toolbox Controls Basic use, input controls, ActiveX controls. Menus and Dialog Boxes Menus, Dialog Box controls, event procedures. Visual Basic .NET variables and operators Variables, I/O, data types, constants, operators, Math Methods, precedence. Decision Structures and Loops and Timers Event-Driven programming, If…Then, Select Case, For…Next Loops, Timer Control. Debugging Visual Basic .NET Programs Break Mode, watch & command windows. Structured Error Handling Try...Catch, Finally, Err Object, retry periods. Modules and Procedures Standard modules, public variables, procedures. Arrays and Collections to Manage Data Fixed-Size & dynamic Arrays, ReDim Preserve, object collections, Controls Collection. Text Files and String Processing Text Box object, Text String methods, sorting. Automating Office Applications Application objects, automation in VB, the Object Browser, the Process Component. Deploying Visual Basic .NET Applications Planning a deployment, ways to deploy an application, deployment projects, options. Managing Windows Forms Forms, positioning, manipulation, adding controls, organizing controls, Startup Object. Adding Graphics and Animation Effects System.Drawing namespace, coordinates, SystemPaint Event, animation, transparency. Inheriting Forms and Creating Base Classes Inheriting forms, inheritance picker, base classes and inheritance, classes in projects. Working with Printers PrintDocument class, Text Box object, Print Preview and Page Setup Dialog Boxes. Database programming with ADO.NET Databases, ADO.NET, Data Adapters, Datasets, Bound & Navigation Controls. Displaying database records, formatting DataGrid cells, updating the database. Displaying HTML Documents Using IE IE Object, Internet Controls, IE Events. Web Forms for Interactive Web Applications ASP.NET, Web Forms vs. Windows Forms, HTML controls, web applications, event procedures for web forms controls.

Software development training course description This three-day MTA Training course helps you prepare for Microsoft Technology Associate Exam 98-361, and build an understanding of these topics: Core programming, Object-Oriented programming, general software development, web applications, desktop applications, and databases. This course leverages the same content as found in the Microsoft Official Academic Course (MOAC) for this exam. What will you learn Describe core programming. Explain Object Oriented programming. Describe general software development. Describe Web applications. Describe desktop applications. Explain how databases work. Software development training course details Who will benefit: Anyone looking to learn the fundamentals of software. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days Software development training course contents Core programming Computer storage and data types How a computer stores programs and the instructions in computer memory, memory stacks and heaps, memory size requirements for the various data storage types, numeric data and textual data. Computer decision structures Various decision structures used in all computer programming languages; If decision structures; multiple decision structures, such as If…Else and switch/Select Case; reading flowcharts; decision tables; evaluating expressions. Handling repetition For loops, While loops, Do...While loops and recursion. Understand error handling Structured exception handling. Object-oriented programming Classes Properties, methods, events and constructors; how to create a class; how to use classes in code. Inheritance Inheriting the functionality of a base class into a derived class. Polymorphism Extending the functionality in a class after inheriting from a base class, overriding methods in the derived class. Encapsulation Creating classes that hide their implementation details while still allowing access to the required functionality through the interface, access modifiers. General software development Application life cycle management Phases of application life cycle management, software testing. Interpret application specifications Application specifications, translating them into prototypes, code, select appropriate application type and components. Algorithms and data structures Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists and sorting algorithms; performance implications of various data structures; choosing the right data structure. Web applications Web page development HTML, CSS, JavaScript. ASP.NET web application development Page life cycle, event model, state management, client-side versus server-side programming. Web hosting Creating virtual directories and websites, deploying web applications, understanding the role of Internet Information Services. Web services Web services that will be consumed by client applications, accessing web services from a client application, SOAP, WSDL. Desktop applications Windows apps UI design guideline categories, characteristics and capabilities of Store Apps, identify gestures. Console-based applications Characteristics and capabilities of console- based applications. Windows Services Characteristics and capabilities of Windows Services. Databases Relational database management systems Characteristics and capabilities of database products, database design, ERDs, normalisation concepts. Database query methods SQL, creating and accessing stored procedures, updating and selecting data. Database connection methods Connecting to various types of data stores, such as flat file; XML file; in-memory object; resource optimisation.