1988 Clinical courses in Cardiff delivered Online

Fall into Savings. Enjoy the biggest price fall this Autumn! Life Just Got Better This Summer! Get Hard Copy + PDF Certificates + Transcript + Student ID Card + e-Learning App as a Gift - Enrol Now Tired of browsing and searching for the course you are looking for? Can't find the complete package that fulfils all your needs? Then don't worry as you have just found the solution. Take a minute and look through this 14-in-1 extensive bundle that has everything you need to succeed in Food Science and other relevant fields! After surveying thousands of learners just like you and considering their valuable feedback, this all-in-one Food Science bundle has been designed by industry experts. We prioritised what learners were looking for in a complete package and developed this in-demand Food Science course that will enhance your skills and prepare you for the competitive job market. Also, our Food Science experts are available for answering your queries and help you along your learning journey. Advanced audio-visual learning modules of these courses are broken down into little chunks so that you can learn at your own pace without being overwhelmed by too much material at once. Furthermore, to help you showcase your expertise in Food Science, we have prepared a special gift of 1 hardcopy certificate and 1 PDF certificate for the title course completely free of cost. These certificates will enhance your credibility and encourage possible employers to pick you over the rest. This Food Science Bundle Consists of the following Premium courses: Course 01: Agricultural Science Course 02: Biochemistry Course 03: Diploma In Microbiology Course 04: Basic Chemistry Online Course Course 05: How to Improve Your Food Hygiene Rating Course 06: Food Labelling Regulations Training Course 07: HACCP Training Course 08: TACCP Training Course 09: Food Allergen Awareness Course 10: Nutrition and Diet Awareness Course 11: Hydroponics Gardening Course 12: Organic Gardening Course 13: Lab Analyst Training Course 14: Personal Hygiene Benefits you'll get choosing Apex Learning: Pay once and get lifetime access to 14 CPD courses Free e-Learning App for engaging reading materials & helpful assistance Certificates, student ID for the title course included in a one-time fee Free up your time - don't waste time and money travelling for classes Accessible, informative modules designed by expert instructors Learn at your ease - anytime, from anywhere Study the course from your computer, tablet or mobile device CPD accredited course - improve the chance of gaining professional skills How will I get my Certificate? After successfully completing the course, you will be able to order your CPD Accredited Certificates (PDF + Hard Copy) as proof of your achievement. PDF Certificate: Free (For The Title Course) Hard Copy Certificate: Free (For The Title Course) Curriculum: Course 01: Agricultural Science Introduction to Agricultural Science Horticulture and The Nursery Production Plant Propagation Soil Science Plant Nutrition Controlling Plant Pests Weed Control Home Gardening Ornamental Plants Cut Flowers Permaculture Aquaculture Animal Farming - Raising Beef Cattle Animal Farming - Milking of Dairy Cattle Course 02: Biochemistry Introduction to Biochemistry Introduction to Cells Organic Chemistry Biomolecules Protein Biomolecules of Nucleic Acids Genetics Metabolism Course 03: Diploma In Microbiology Introduction to Microbiology Cell Structure and Organisation The Chemical Metabolism Microbial Growth Controlling Microbial Diversity Prokaryote Diversity Microbial Diversity Eukaryote Diversity Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Interactions between Microbes and Humans Human Microbial Diseases Immunity Vaccines and Antimicrobial Agents Microorganisms in the Environment Industrial and Food Microbiology Course 04: Basic Chemistry Online Course Introduction to Basic Chemistry Understanding Matter Atom Chemical Bonding Energy Periodic Table Intermolecular Forces Gases Solution Chemical Equilibrium Kinetics and Equilibrium Acids and Bases pH and pOH Reactions Involving Acids and Bases Redox Reaction Electricity and Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Biochemistry Nuclear Chemistry Industrial Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Laboratory Safety Chemical Hygiene Plan Course 05: How to Improve Your Food Hygiene Rating Hygiene Rating Scheme Personal Hygiene Contamination Hazards How to Control Contamination Hazards Food Preparation and Processing for Manufacturing Cleaning Waste Disposal, Cleaning and Disinfection Food Safety Management System Pest Management Food Premises and Equipment: The Design and Construction Supervision of Food Safety Food Safety Training for the Staff Course 06: Food Labelling Regulations Training Introduction General Principles Components Nutrition Labelling Enforcement Bodies and Relevant Legislation in the UK UK Regulations and Laws Public Health and Food Safety Course 07: HACCP Training An Introduction to HACCP HACCP and Food Safety Legislation Food Safety Hazards Planning a HACCP System Creating the HACCP System Principle 1: Hazard Analysis Principle 2: Critical Control Points Principle 3: Critical Limits Principle 4: Monitoring Critical Control Points Principle 5: Corrective Action Principle 6: Verification of the HACCP System Principle 7: Documentation Implementing the HACCP System HACCP Alternatives Course 08: TACCP Training An Introduction to TACCP Food Safety Legislation Food Threats Understanding the Attacker Food Fraud An Overview of TACCP Process TACCP: Food Defence Course 09: Food Allergen Awareness Basics of Food Allergens Allergen Guidance for Food Businesses Allergen Guidance for Consumers Allergic Reactions and Treatments Course 10: Nutrition and Diet Awareness Overview Nutritional Details What to Avoid & Problem Areas Beyond Food Putting It All Together Course 11: Hydroponics Gardening Introduction to Hydroponics Systems of hydroponic culture Plant Nutrition Equipment Rooting media Seedling and Plant Maintenance Nutritional Problems and Solutions in Plant Growing in Greenhouses Course 12: Organic Gardening Introduction Preparing and Taking Care of the Soil Course 13: Lab Analyst Training Introduction to the Course Medical Laboratory Services Laboratory Equipments (Part-01) Laboratory Equipments (Part-02) Microscope and How to Use It Solutions Used in Clinical/Medical Laboratory Sterilisation, Disinfection and Decontamination Basic Haematology Basic Haemostasis (Coagulation) Basic Immunology and Immunohematology Urinalysis Basic Clinical Chemistry Basic Clinical Microbiology Basic Parasitology Laboratory Accidents and Safety Quality Assurance Course 14: Personal Hygiene Introduction to Personal Hygiene and a Brief History Looking Clean, Smelling Clean Improving and Maintaining Oral Health Care of the Eyes Ear Care Secrets Foot & Nail Care in Personal Hygiene Hair Care Hygienic Ways Hygienic Approach to Skin Care Maintain Good Toilet Hygiene Potential Hygiene Guidelines Personal Hygiene During Coronavirus Pandemic CPD 140 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone from any background can enrol in this Food Science bundle. Requirements Our Food Science course is fully compatible with PCs, Macs, laptops, tablets and Smartphone devices. Career path Having this various expertise will increase the value of your CV and open you up to multiple job sectors. Certificates Certificate of completion Digital certificate - Included

Step into a learning journey that changes not just your job but how you help in healthcare. In the busy world we work in, the Verification of Death Training for Nurses is a big help. The main thing is figuring out why someone died and explaining it well. It's not just about rules; it's about comforting sad families. This course is the answer, giving you the knowledge and skills to be not just a nurse but someone families can rely on in important times. Dive into the details of checking if someone passed away, not just as a job but as something really important. The course isn't only about rules and steps; it's about understanding people and being the friendly face families need. Imagine being a nurse who knows not just the facts but also how to help with feelings. This training isn't just a paper saying you learned something; it's like a key to being the nurse families trust during hard times. Get into this course and see how your new skills can make a big difference in your job. It's about being the expert, the person others ask for help. It's not just a piece of paper; it shows you care about doing your job well. This training makes you more than a hospital worker; it's like a way to help more people. It's not just for your job; it's for the people you take care of. Be the nurse who doesn't just check if someone passed away but makes sure it's done with care and support at every step. Learning Outcomes Understand the key principles and importance of the Verification of Death. Demonstrate knowledge of legal considerations in the verification process. Differentiate between expected and unexpected death scenarios. Identify indicators of natural causes leading to a person's death. Apply systematic procedures for verifying unexpected deaths. Recognise the role and responsibilities of a forensic nurse in verification. Conduct effective clinical and forensic examinations for accurate verification. Demonstrate proficiency in certification and accurate documentation processes. Why choose this Verification of Death Training for Nurses course? Unlimited access to the course for a lifetime. Opportunity to earn a certificate accredited by the CPD Quality Standards and CIQ after completing this course. Structured lesson planning in line with industry standards. Immerse yourself in innovative and captivating course materials and activities. Assessments designed to evaluate advanced cognitive abilities and skill proficiency. Flexibility to complete the Course at your own pace, on your own schedule. Receive full tutor support throughout the week, from Monday to Friday, to enhance your learning experience. Unlock career resources for CV improvement, interview readiness, and job success. Who is this Verification of Death Training for Nurses course for? Registered Nurses and Nurse Practitioners Healthcare Professionals involved in death verification Aspiring Forensic Nurses Nurses in Emergency and Critical Care Allied Health Professionals seeking comprehensive training Career path Verification Nurse Specialist Forensic Nurse Examiner Clinical Nurse Consultant in Death Verification Advanced Practice Nurse in Palliative Care Average Salary Range: £35,000 - £50,000 per annum Prerequisites This Verification of Death Training for Nurses does not require you to have any prior qualifications or experience. You can just enrol and start learning.This Verification of Death Training for Nurses was made by professionals and it is compatible with all PC's, Mac's, tablets and smartphones. You will be able to access the course from anywhere at any time as long as you have a good enough internet connection. Certification After studying the course materials, there will be a written assignment test which you can take at the end of the course. After successfully passing the test you will be able to claim the pdf certificate for £4.99 Original Hard Copy certificates need to be ordered at an additional cost of £8. Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Verification of Death Introduction to Verification of Death 00:11:00 Module 02: Legal Considerations Legal Considerations 00:12:00 Module 03: Expected Death Expected Death 00:16:00 Module 04: Natural Cause of Death Natural Cause of Death 00:13:00 Module 05: Verification of Unexpected Death Verification of Unexpected Death 00:17:00 Module 06: Process for Verifying a Death Process for Verifying a Death 00:15:00 Module 07: Role of Forensic Nurse Role of Forensic Nurse 00:17:00 Module 08: Clinical & Forensic Examination Clinical Forensic Examination 00:12:00 Module 09: Certification & Documentation Certification Documentation 00:11:00 Assignment Assignment - Verification of Death Training for Nurses 00:00:00

Level 4 Diploma(FREE QLS Endorsed Certificate)| 11 CPD Courses+11 PDF Certificates| 145 CPD Points|CPD & CiQ Accredited

Navigating stakeholder relationships isn’t just a matter of communication—it’s an art form rooted in clarity, consistency, and a sharp understanding of interests that drive decision-making. This CPD Accredited Stakeholder Management course is tailored to help learners appreciate the nuances of stakeholder dynamics and develop strategies for building constructive, goal-aligned relationships. Whether you're coordinating a project, managing a team, or shaping policy, understanding stakeholders is vital to moving things forward smoothly and efficiently. Through structured modules and expert-led resources, learners are guided to explore stakeholder identification, influence mapping, conflict resolution strategies, and decision engagement—all delivered in a way that fits around modern digital lifestyles. No classrooms, no commutes—just straightforward, accessible learning designed for people who are serious about improving communication, alignment, and outcomes in their projects or organisations. These comprehensive courses are available in this Anaesthetist Training - CPD Accredited 3 Courses Bundle Course 01: Anaesthetist Training Course 02: Control and Administration of Medicines Course 03: Observation Skills for Carers **Special Offer: Free PDF and Hard Copy Certificates** Key Benefits Get instant PDF and Hard Copy certificate Fully online courses Developed by qualified professionals Self-paced learning and laptop, tablet, and smartphone-friendly 24/7 Learning Assistance Course Curriculum: Course 01: Anaesthetist Training Module 01: An Introduction to Clinical Anaesthesia Module 02: Pain Management Module 03: Essential Equipment Module 04: Regional Anaesthesia Module 05: Consolidating Basic Clinical Practice Module 06: Pharmacology for Anaesthesia Module 07: Neuroanaesthesia Module 08: Cardiac Anaesthesia Module 09: Thoracic Anaesthesia Module 10: Obstetrics Anaesthesia Module 11: Vascular Anaesthesia Module 12: Ophthalmic Anaesthesia Module 13: Paediatric and Geriatric Anaesthesia Module 14: Career of an Overseas Anaesthetist Course 02: Control and Administration of Medicines Module 01: Medicine Management Fundamentals Module 02: Importance of Medicine Management Module 03: Prescribing Medication Effectively Module 04: Common Problems - Pharmacological Management Module 05: Common Medicines to Use Module 06: Palliative Care Module 07: The Four Principles of Medicine Optimisation Module 08: Managing Medication in Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs) Module 09: Law and Legislation Course 03: Observation Skills for Carers Module 01: Introduction to Observation Skill Module 02: Child Observation Module 03: Child Observation Plan and Documentation Module 04: Observational Methods and Studies Module 05: Social Policy and Social Work Observation Module 06: Basic Health Observation Module 07: Clinical Management Observation Course Assessment You will immediately be given access to a specifically crafted MCQ test upon completing each Anaesthetist Training - CPD Accredited 3 Courses Bundle course. For each test, the pass mark will be set to 60%. CPD 30 CPD hours / points Accredited by The CPD Certification Service Who is this course for? The Anaesthetist Training - CPD Accredited 3 Courses Bundle training is ideal for highly motivated individuals or teams who want to enhance their skills and efficiently skilled employees. Requirements There are no formal entry requirements for the course, with enrollment open to anyone! Career path Learn the essential skills and knowledge you need to excel in your professional life with the help & guidance from our Anaesthetist Training - CPD Accredited 3 Courses Bundle training.

In this webinar Naomi and Heidi will explain why some children say No, and what you can do differently.

ACJ / SCJ Dislocations and Fractures Rehabilitation Protocol Aims to  This webinar focuses on educating participants on the identification, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) and sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) injuries. The webinar aims to equip participants with the skills necessary to diagnose these injuries by identifying three signs of each injury. Additionally, participants will learn how to design and implement rehabilitation programs for patients in acute and chronic phases of ACJ and SCJ injuries. The webinar will also cover rehabilitation strategies and protocols for ACJ and SCJ injuries, providing participants with a deeper understanding of various techniques used to treat these injuries. Participants will learn how to apply this knowledge in clinical settings to improve patient outcomes. Learning Objective To enable participants to recognize the three signs of ACJ injuries and diagnose them effectively. To enable participants to design an effective rehabilitation program for patients with ACJ and SCJ injuries in both acute and chronic phases. To discuss rehabilitation strategies and protocols for ACJ and SCJ injuries and enable participants to gain a deeper understanding of them. To provide participants with a comprehensive understanding of the various rehabilitation techniques and approaches that can be used to treat ACJ and SCJ injuries. To enable participants to apply their knowledge of the signs, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of ACJ and SCJ injuries in clinical settings, improving patient outcomes. Who Should Enroll Physiotherapist Orthopedics Occupational Therapist Athletics Trainer Sport Physiologist CPD Credit Hours 2 Hours Resources 1-Month Access to Learning Resources Downloadable Course Material CPD Certificate Course Instructor Dr. Rina’s physical therapy career spans over 23 years, through the UK, the USA and the Middle East. She has worked in Nationalized Healthcare Services, American health care and self pay services in acute care, in-patient rehab, skilled nursing facility, home healthcare and outpatient clinic. In addition to being a clinician she has developed specialty programs based on evidence-based practice in her role as a project manager. She has also managed the Physical Therapy department in the capacity of Head of Department in a premier private hospital in Oman. Rina is an internationally published webinar presenter; many of her courses are highlighted on Physiopedia/ Physio Plus. Her pocket books are now available on Amazon titled-- Orthopedic Assessments made easy Dr. Pandya graduated from Manipal University, India in 2000 as well as University of Michigan, in 2018 with a Doctor of Physical Therapy. Rina conducts live webinars and is part of the continuing professional development teaching community with courses published in the UK, US, South Africa, Ireland and Australia. Rina is a member of APTA, HCPC-UK and OAP-Oman. 

Gain the skills and credentials to kickstart a successful career and learn from the experts with this step-by-step

The Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment Course offers a deep dive into an innovative therapeutic technique, focusing on how it can effectively address trauma and emotional pain. This method integrates the power of focused eye positions to activate the brain’s healing mechanisms, providing an invaluable tool for mental health professionals. This course equips you with the understanding of how trauma impacts the brain and how to use Brainspotting to help clients access and process deep-seated emotions. It’s a structured approach to unearthing the root causes of emotional distress and fostering long-lasting healing. Designed for those interested in understanding the complexities of trauma treatment, this course breaks down the process step by step. You’ll learn how Brainspotting can be seamlessly integrated into various therapeutic settings, enhancing your ability to support clients through their emotional challenges. Whether you're new to trauma-focused therapies or seeking to expand your knowledge, this course provides a clear path to mastering a technique that has already transformed countless lives. Take this opportunity to refine your skills in a highly effective, evidence-based therapy. Key Features: The key features of Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment course This Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment Couse is CPD Accredited. FREE PDF + Hardcopy certificate Fully online, interactive course Self-paced learning and laptop, tablet and smartphone-friendly 24/7 Learning Assistance Discounts on bulk purchases Course Curriculum: The course curriculum of Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment course Module 01: Introduction to Brainspotting Module 02: The Brainspotting Process Module 03: Brainspotting Techniques Module 04: Integrating Brainspotting with Other Modalities Module 05: Applications of Brainspotting Module 06: Brainspotting in Diverse Populations Module 07: Ethical Considerations and Professional Development Learning Outcomes of Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment Course: Uncover foundations of Trauma, grasping its pivotal introductory elements and principles. Navigate the Brainspotting process, mastering its application in trauma treatment scenarios. Acquire proficiency in Brainspotting and Trauma Treatment techniques, honing skills for precision in therapeutic sessions. Explore seamless integration, linking Brainspotting and Trauma Treatment with diverse therapeutic modalities for comprehensive treatment. Identify broad applications of Brainspotting and Trauma Treatment, unveiling its potential in varied clinical settings. Engage in ethical considerations, fostering professional growth and integrity in practice. Accreditation This Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment course is CPD Quality Standards (CPD QS) accredited, providing you with up-to-date skills and knowledge and helping you to become more competent and effective in your chosen field. Certificate After completing this Brainspotting: Process and Trauma Treatment course, you will get a FREE Digital Certificate from Training Express. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Therapists seeking advanced trauma treatment techniques for diverse client populations. Counsellors aspiring to enhance their skills in trauma-focused therapeutic interventions. Mental health professionals aiming to integrate Brainspotting into their clinical repertoire. Psychologists desiring a comprehensive understanding of trauma treatment modalities. Healthcare practitioners dedicated to ethical considerations in trauma-focused therapy. Career path Trauma Specialist Counsellor Clinical Psychologist Psychotherapist in Mental Health Institutions Rehabilitation Counsellor in Trauma Therapy Clinical Supervisor in Trauma Therapy Mental Health Researcher in Trauma Interventions Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Once you've successfully completed your course, you will immediately be sent a FREE digital certificate. Hard copy certificate Hard copy certificate - Included Also, you can have your FREE printed certificate delivered by post (shipping cost £3.99 in the UK). For all international addresses outside of the United Kingdom, the delivery fee for a hardcopy certificate will be only £10. Our certifications have no expiry dates, although we do recommend that you renew them every 12 months.

I’ll share a case of visual hallucinations, showing how an existential-phenomenological approach helps understand their meaning and purpose. We aim to explore the lived experiences on irregular perceptions of reality with an open mind. Each Saturday includes: a live dialogue between Prof. Ernesto Spinelli and an International Existential Therapist; a moment to share your thoughts and feelings with the teachers; and a final integration facilitated by Bárbara Godoy. This series of ten dialogues set out to explore the multifaceted dimentions and complexities associated with Existential Therapies. It attempts to engage with various interpretations of insanity through the lens of patients often painful, confounding, and deeply unsettling life experiences. Hallucination- between Prof. Ernesto Spinelli and Prof. Simon du Ploc “The phenomenon of hallucination has been a subject of debate for centuries. It has been suggested that its function was one of revelation or prophesy, and those who hallucinated were often considered to have a ‘sacred’ affliction. In recent times, their function, at least in the West since the Age of Reason, has been often been reduced to primary indicators of schizophrenia and other forms of psychosis. Lumped into the ‘core phenomena’ of schizophrenia, the concern is not so much what they are, or what they mean to the client, or even their content, but their treatment and control. I will present an excerpt from my own clinical practice with a client who presented with distressing visual hallucinations. This piece of work illustrates how approaching such irregular perceptions of reality from an existential-phenomenological perspective can provide a way of understanding their meaning and purpose within a client’s lived experience. I will suggest that such an approach also enables us to take a creative position regarding wider notions of sanity and madness, a position which enables us to navigate a path between, on the one hand, the medical model which typically focusses on reduction and management of hallucinations, and on the other hand, a Laingian view of hallucination as a route to ‘hyper-sanity’. Adopting such a path may enable us to work more confidently with clients when they present with unusual or disturbing perceptions.” Prof. Simon du Ploc. Prof. Simon du Plock is Senior Research Fellow at the Metanoia Institute, London. He was Head of the Faculty of Post-Qualification and Professional Doctorates at the Institute from 2007 to 2020, in which role he directed counselling psychology and psychotherapy research doctorates jointly with Middlesex University. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society for Medicine, a Foundation Member with Senior Practitioner Status of the BPS Register of Psychologists Specialising in Psychotherapy, and a Member of the BPS Register of Applied Psychology Practice Supervisors. He has been a BPS Chartered Counselling Psychologist and UKCP Registered Psychotherapist since 1994. He has authored nearly one hundred journal papers and book chapters on existential therapy, and he has co-edited Existential Analysis, the Journal of the British Society for Existential Analysis, since 1993. He was an editor of the 2019 Wiley World Handbook of Existential Therapy. He has lectured and trained internationally, and in 2006 he was made an Honorary Member of the East European Association for Existential Therapy in recognition of his contribution to cooperation between West and East Europe in the development of existential psychotherapy. His clinical and research interests include phenomenological research methodology, clinical and research supervision, existential pedagogy, and working with issues of addiction and dependency. Prof. Ernesto Spinelli was Chair of the Society for Existential Analysis between 1993 and 1999 and is a Life Member of the Society. His writings, lectures and seminars focus on the application of existential phenomenology to the arenas of therapy, supervision, psychology, and executive coaching. He is a Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS) as well as an APECS accredited executive coach and coaching supervisor. In 2000, he was the Recipient of BPS Division of Counselling Psychology Award for Outstanding Contribution to the Profession. And in 2019, Ernesto received the BPS Award for Distinguished Contribution to Practice. His most recent book, Practising Existential Therapy: The Relational World 2nd edition (Sage, 2015) has been widely praised as a major contribution to the advancement of existential theory and practice. Living up to the existential dictum that life is absurd, Ernesto is also the author of an on-going series of Private Eye novels. Date and Time: Saturday 15 November from 2 pm to 3 pm – (UK time) Individual Dialogue Fee: £70 Venue: Online Zoom FULL PROGRAMME 2025: 25 January “Knots” with Prof. Ernesto Spinelli and Bárbara Godoy 22 February “Healing” with Dr. Michael Guy Thompson and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 22 March “Difference” with Prof. Tod DuBose and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 12 April “Polarisation” with Prof. Kirk Schneider and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 3 May “Character” with Prof. Robert Romanyshyn and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 21 June “Opening” with Dr. Yaqui Martinez and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 19 July “Meaning” with Dr. Jan Resnick and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 25 October “Invention” with Dr. Betty Cannon and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 15 November “Hallucination” with Prof. Simon du Plock and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli 13 December “Hysteria” with Bárbara Godoy and Prof. Ernesto Spinelli Read the full programme here > Course Organised by:

This module provides a guide to signal detection and management for approved products. The subject is presented as a process comprising four stages: signal detection, signal validation, signal analysis and prioritisation, and risk assessment and minimisation.