1780 Step courses in Liverpool delivered Live Online

Have you heard of Q fever? Join this free informative session about the disease and how it impacts herds and flocks in the UK. We will share our findings and bring forward case information, where herds have been impacted by the disease and are now beginning to take control of the disease through a number of steps, including vaccination and biosecurity measures. Q Fever is a disease caused by infection with the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which can infect cattle, goats, sheep and many other mammals. Studies on the UK cattle herd indicate that Q fever is highly prevalent. Q fever is zoonotic, with those people in direct contact with ruminants at most risk – This will be a great opportunity for those working with livestock or going onto farms, to get the answers to the many questions that this disease raises. Join us for a free webinar to explore the disease behind the “silent troublemaker” that is Coxiella burnetii. Find out how Q-Fever can affect your flock, cattle or goat herds, and some of the challenges with diagnosis and management. Your speakers We are delighted to be joined by our expert guest speakers to share their insights and experiences. Prof Jonathan Statham, MA VetMB DCHP FRCVS. Jonathan is Chief Executive at RAFT Solutions and Professor of Sustainable Livestock Health & Welfare at Harper and Keele Veterinary School, chairing the InSHAW research group there. He is a practicing independent farm veterinary surgeon, graduating from Cambridge University in 1996 and is a partner and chair of Bishopton Veterinary Group. Jonathan is a Fellow and Specialist of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons; in 2015 he was awarded the UK Dairy Vet of the year. He is Past-President of the British Cattle Veterinary Association (BCVA), has held a range of representative or policy linked roles and currently sits on the Veterinary Products Committee (VPC) of the VMD, the steering group of the Ruminant Health & Welfare Group and the EU ‘Q fever’ one health panel. He is chair of the Innovate UK Agriculture Sector Group and chair of the Defra Pathway Chairs Group. He is a Fellow of Askham Bryan College and chairs the Animal Health & Welfare Board for England at Defra. He has published widely in the field of sustainable food, herd health, precision livestock farming and breeding technologies. Current key industry roles; ~ Chair Animal Health & Welfare Board for England (AHWBE) ~ Fellow of Askham Bryan College ~ Veterinary Products Committee (VPC) of the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD), ~ Chair Animal Health & Welfare Pathway Chairs Group ~ Member of the GB Ruminant Health & Welfare Steering Group ~ Chair of innovate UK Agriculture Sector Group ~ Member Industry Cattle Mobility Steering Group ~ Member Johnes Disease technical Group ~ Member of International Embryo Transfer Society, Past key industry roles; ~ Past-President of the British Cattle Veterinary Association (BCVA), ~ GB ‘Cattle Health & Welfare Group (CHAWG), ~ GB ‘Sheep Health & Welfare Group’ (SHAWG), ~ Veterinary Policy Group (VPG) of the British Veterinary Association (BVA), ~ Past Director of the Cattle Health Certification Standards (CHeCS), ~ Past-President of the Yorkshire Veterinary Society (BVA) ~ Served on the Veterinary Residues committees (VRC) of the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD), ~ FarmSkills Steering Group Katherine Timms, BVetMed (Hons), MRCVS. Ruminant Veterinary Advisor, Ceva Animal Health Katherine grew up in Leicestershire and went to the Royal Veterinary College, graduating with honours in 2007 before working in mixed practices in the Midlands with dairy, beef and equine clients. Katherine has a busy home life being married to a beef and sheep farmer with three children and having an active involvement in rural life. Katherine joined Ceva Animal Health in 2014 as part of the technical team, covering the UK in the role of veterinary advisor for the ruminant part of the business. Registrations are open to vets, farmers, SQP’s and those in farm supporting roles. Time permitting, the webinar will finish with a brief Q&A session.

A popular 3 day programme aimed at team supervisors and managers. Develop skills in managing yourself, your job and managing others.

LOOKING FOR: ADULT FICTION Marilia Savvides founded The Plot Agency in 2024. She began her career in publishing at Peters Fraser and Dunlop, where she spent eight years, first as International Rights Agent, and later as Literary Agent, building her own list of authors. In 2019, she joined 42MP, where she worked as Literary Agent for four years, helping to launch and set up the Book Division. She is particularly interested in fiction that is beautifully written and cleverly constructed, but still accessible to a wide readership. She is often drawn to darker tales that weave together excellent characters and an impossible-to-put-down story, from immersive book club novels with a splash of suspense, crime and thrillers, accessible horror, and speculative, genre-bending or dystopian stories. She also adores smart, witty contemporary rom-com in the style of Emily Henry. In the thriller, crime and mystery space she is interested in most areas, except military thrillers and organised crime/ mafia / mob stories. Big hooks and clever set ups are a big bonus! She adores Karin Slaughter (especially her standalone novels) and Gillian Flynn. In the book club / reading group space, she’s particularly drawn to fiction in the vein of Jodi Picoult, Liane Moriarty and Celeste Ng, and absolutely fell in love with Bright Young Women by Jessica Knoll, both for the incredible voice, and the exquisite use of structure and time. Complicated family dynamics, empathetic and smart approaches to controversial issues, stand out protagonists (like Elizabeth Zott in Lessons in Chemistry or Bernadette in Where D’You Go Bernadette), long buried secrets, complicity, the road to justice, and impossible decisions, are all themes she finds herself drawn to. In the horror space, she’s a sucker for amazing female-centric stories in the vein of Yellowjackets, and the kind of contemporary, accessible horror that Stephen King always nails. She wants to get lost in a world that feels within reach of ours. In the speculative and dystopian spaces, she’s interested in genius ideas that set up big questions or reflect the most broken (and sometimes hidden) parts of society. She loves Octavia Butler, Margaret Atwood, George Orwell, and also adored The Leftovers, Station Eleven, Wanderers, and The Power. The what-ifs of life and fiction fascinate her. In the grounded sci-fi space, she’d love to find a smart, immersive, and accessible story like The Martian. She doesn’t represent fantasy or romantasy. In regards to sci-fi, unless it’s very grounded and has crossover potential to a mainstream audience, it’s not for her. In the romance space, she’s particularly drawn to smart, complex and witty characters, where the chemistry is jumping off the page. She loves contemporary settings and all the tropes, though the voice and characters must come first to make the reading experience fully immersive. She wants to be cackling, and rooting for the characters with all her heart. She is very hands-on editorially, and loves working with her authors to shape their manuscripts, and brainstorm ideas. The best part of the job is discovering debut authors, and helping them find a home for their books. Marilia would like you to submit a covering letter, 1 - 2 page synopsis and the first 5,000 words of your manuscript in a single Word document.  (In addition to the paid sessions, Marilia is kindly offering one free session for low income/underrepresented writers. Please email agent121@iaminprint.co.uk to apply, outlining your case for this option which is offered at the discretion of I Am In Print).  By booking you understand you need to conduct an internet connection test with I Am In Print prior to the event. You also agree to email your material in one document to reach I Am In Print by the stated submission deadline and note that I Am In Print take no responsibility for the advice received during your agent meeting. The submission deadline is: Tuesday 8th July 2025

Overview This Compliance and Risk Management Course is designed for anyone looking for a pathway into this profession and wanting to develop their industry knowledge and skills. It covers the role of the Compliance Officer and compliance department in detail, with step-by-step training in compliance auditing and risk management. This Compliance and Risk Management Training Course will equip you with the fundamental skills needed to identify and manage regulatory risk in your organization, taking you through key topics such as how to implement an efficient Compliance Management System, ethics and compliance, risk types and classifications, and how to design a solid risk management strategy. By the end of this Compliance and Risk Management Training Course, you'll have an excellent understanding of core compliance issues, as well as how to promote a positive compliance culture for your organization, which will give you a head start when it comes to standing out in the relevant job market. 

ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value: In-House Training The ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value module is part of the Managing Professional stream for ITIL 4. Candidates need to pass the related certification exam for working towards the Managing Professional (MP) designation. This course is based on the ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value exam specifications from AXELOS. With the help of ITIL® 4 concepts and terminology, exercises, and examples included in the course, candidates acquire the relevant knowledge required to pass the certification exam. What You Will Learn The learning objectives of the course are based on the following learning outcomes of the ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value exam specification: Understand how customer journeys are designed Know how to target markets and stakeholders Know how to foster stakeholder relationships Know how to shape demand and define service offerings Know how to align expectations and agree on details of services Know how to onboard and offboard customers and users Know how to act together to ensure continual value co-creation (service consumption / provisioning) Know how to realize and validate service value Customer Journey Purpose of the Module Purpose of Mastering the Customer Journey Touchpoints and Service Interactions Module Topics Mapping the Customer Journey Designing the Customer Journey Measuring and Improving the Customer Journey Customer Journey Step 1: Explore Purpose of the Module Purpose of the Explore Step Module Topics Understanding Service Consumers Understanding Service Providers Understanding and Targeting Markets Customer Journey Step 2: Engage Purpose of the Module Purpose of the Engage Step Aspects of Service Value Module Topics Service Relationship Types Building Service Relationships Building and Sustaining Trust and Relationships Analyzing Customer Needs Managing Suppliers and Partners Customer Journey Step 3: Offer Purpose of the Module Purpose of Shaping Demand and Service Offerings Module Topics Managing Demand and Opportunities Specifying and Managing Customer Requirements Designing Service Offerings and User Experience Selling and Obtaining Service Offerings Customer Journey Step 4: Agree Purpose of the Module Purpose of Aligning Expectations and Agreeing on Services Module Topics Agreeing on and Planning Value Co-Creation Negotiating and Agreeing on a Service Customer Journey Step 5: Onboard Purpose of the Module Purpose of Onboarding and Offboarding ITIL® Management Practices Module Topics Planning Onboarding Fostering Relationships with Users Providing User Engagement and Delivery Channels Enabling Users for Service Elevating Mutual Capabilities Offboarding Customer Journey Step 6: Co-create Purpose of the Module Purpose of Service Provision and Consumption Module Topics Service Mindset Ongoing Service Interactions Nurturing User Communities Customer Journey Step 7: Realize Purpose of the Module Measuring Service Value Purpose of Value Capturing and Customer Journey Improvement Realizing Service Value in Different Settings Module Topics Tracking Value Realization Assessing and Reporting Value Realization Evaluating Value Realization and Improving Customer Journeys Realizing Value for the Service Provider

ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value: Virtual In-House Training The ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value module is part of the Managing Professional stream for ITIL 4. Candidates need to pass the related certification exam for working towards the Managing Professional (MP) designation. This course is based on the ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value exam specifications from AXELOS. With the help of ITIL® 4 concepts and terminology, exercises, and examples included in the course, candidates acquire the relevant knowledge required to pass the certification exam. What You Will Learn The learning objectives of the course are based on the following learning outcomes of the ITIL® 4 Specialist: Drive Stakeholder Value exam specification: Understand how customer journeys are designed Know how to target markets and stakeholders Know how to foster stakeholder relationships Know how to shape demand and define service offerings Know how to align expectations and agree on details of services Know how to onboard and offboard customers and users Know how to act together to ensure continual value co-creation (service consumption / provisioning) Know how to realize and validate service value Customer Journey Purpose of the Module Purpose of Mastering the Customer Journey Touchpoints and Service Interactions Module Topics Mapping the Customer Journey Designing the Customer Journey Measuring and Improving the Customer Journey Customer Journey Step 1: Explore Purpose of the Module Purpose of the Explore Step Module Topics Understanding Service Consumers Understanding Service Providers Understanding and Targeting Markets Customer Journey Step 2: Engage Purpose of the Module Purpose of the Engage Step Aspects of Service Value Module Topics Service Relationship Types Building Service Relationships Building and Sustaining Trust and Relationships Analyzing Customer Needs Managing Suppliers and Partners Customer Journey Step 3: Offer Purpose of the Module Purpose of Shaping Demand and Service Offerings Module Topics Managing Demand and Opportunities Specifying and Managing Customer Requirements Designing Service Offerings and User Experience Selling and Obtaining Service Offerings Customer Journey Step 4: Agree Purpose of the Module Purpose of Aligning Expectations and Agreeing on Services Module Topics Agreeing on and Planning Value Co-Creation Negotiating and Agreeing on a Service Customer Journey Step 5: Onboard Purpose of the Module Purpose of Onboarding and Offboarding ITIL® Management Practices Module Topics Planning Onboarding Fostering Relationships with Users Providing User Engagement and Delivery Channels Enabling Users for Service Elevating Mutual Capabilities Offboarding Customer Journey Step 6: Co-create Purpose of the Module Purpose of Service Provision and Consumption Module Topics Service Mindset Ongoing Service Interactions Nurturing User Communities Customer Journey Step 7: Realize Purpose of the Module Measuring Service Value Purpose of Value Capturing and Customer Journey Improvement Realizing Service Value in Different Settings Module Topics Tracking Value Realization Assessing and Reporting Value Realization Evaluating Value Realization and Improving Customer Journeys Realizing Value for the Service Provider

THIS COURSE PACKAGE INCLUDES: 1: INTRODUCTION TO ECG COURSE - RECORDING & BASIC INTERPRETATION (GPT009) 2: ADVANCED ECG COURSE - INTERPRETATION & ANALYSIS (GPT010) Learn how to set up and record a basic ECG trace, followed by advanced analysis and interpretation FAST-TRACK YOUR ECG TRAINING WITH OUR BEGINNER TO ADVANCED TRAINING PACKAGE 20% off - Multi-Course Discount Cover all stages from Level 1 through to Level 4 (FDSc) Cover your theory training online Practical training in Classroom or Virtual Classroom Comprehensive Practise@Home training kits for VC Awards 2 accredited qualifications Dual Accreditations are awarded for all courses (Open College Network and CPD) Covers all steps required to competently set up and perform an ECG trace. Practical sessions include electrode placement on mannequin, running traces and identifying anomalies. Learn beginner to advanced skills and interpretation. Basic understanding of English language required. OPEN TO ALL APPLICANTS About these courses 1: INTRODUCTION TO ECG COURSE - RECORDING AND BASIC INTERPRETATION (GPT009) PART 1 - Theory Allow approx. 5-6 hours PART 2 - Practical Training Attend a classroom location or join us in our virtual classroom * - 3-4 hours ACCREDITED LEVEL 3 QUALIFICATION * Virtual Classroom option includes a free comprehensive Practise@Home ECG training kit. 2: ADVANCED ECG COURSE - INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS (GPT010) E-LEARNING - Theory Allow approx. 6-8 hours ACCREDITED LEVEL 4 QUALIFICATION OPTIONAL: GETTING STARTED IN ECG (GPT002) A free starter ECG Course (unassessed) developed to help you understand the basics of ECG recording: 3 modules in total with no Questions! If you are already familiar with ECGs then you may prefer to save time and opt out of this mini-course at booking stage. This "mini-course" is available at no charge. Learning Outcomes GPT009: Understanding different ECG equipment types ECG equipment - set-up and calibration Includes professionalism, consent, IPC and legal requirement Patient preparation How to correctly apply electrodes to limbs and chest Identify artifacts (equipment and patients Identify and recognise routine traces Identify and recognise non-routine traces Identify traces requiring urgent attention Labelling and reporting GPT010: Understand the acceptable variations within the normal ECG of healthy adults. Recognise the expected patterns of an ECG from a healthy child from birth onwards and identify abnormalities. Interpret abnormal ECG patterns in adults. Diagnose arrhythmias as an underlying cause of palpitations and syncope. Exploring sinus rhythm, extrasystoles, paroxysmal tachycardia and the importance of a physical examination. Identifying syncopal episodes attributable to cardiovascular disease as opposed to arrhythmias. Recognise ECG markers for tachycardias, bradycardias, pre-excitation syndromes, bi-fascicular block, and first-degree block with bundle branch block. Differentiate between supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles and be able to diagnose broad complex tachycardias, ventricular flutter and fibrillation, sick sinus syndrome, and Stokes-Adams attacks. Recognise and identify symptoms associated with the causes of acute or chronic chest pain in patients who present with myocardial infarction (heart attack), pulmonary embolism, significant central pulmonary embolism, pericarditis, aortic dissection, oesophageal rupture, spinal disorders, vertebral collapse, posterior infarction, and angina. Recognise symptoms indicative of conditions such as pulmonary oedema, chest diseases, and pulmonary congestion. After the course GPT009: Safely and competently set up an ECG machine Introduce patients to the ECG test, adhering to compliancy requirements before and after testing Perform an ECG test to national guidelines Understand basic traces and their correlation to cardiac issues Recognise normal and erroneous recordings Recognise recordings that require urgent medical follow-up Complete the recording and label (or record digital copies) as per guidelines GPT010: Appreciate normal and abnormal ECG variations in the context of varying pathologies. Be able to determine whether an arrhythmia has an underlying cause that requires medical intervention. Interpret ECGs as a function of the patient's ongoing cardiac management. Understand and apply the Burce Protocol exercise test in relevant clinical situations. Know how to clinically respond to a patient with chest pain including further investigations required, pain relief, history and examination and echocardiogram. Understand and apply the fundamental principles of arrhythmia management. Understand the primary causes of heart disease and the diagnostic process. Appreciate the importance of the ECG as a diagnostic tool alongside the patient’s history and clinical presentation and recognising its limitations. Course Package Components: PACKAGE - Beginner to Advanced ECG - Virtual Classroom - INTRO - Part 1 online Part 2 Virtual Classroom (AM) + ADVANCED - E-learning

To facilitate a group, family, team or organisation in thinking together around a given challenge or issue here is an opportunity to experience for real the person centred, futures planning tool – MAP (Pearpoint, Forest et. al. 1989). This is a process not a training day. Let us facilitate your planning and refocus your story whilst strengthening you and your group. This tool uses both process and graphic facilitation to help any group develop a shared vision and then to make a start on working out what they will need to do together to move towards that vision. MAPS are great for threshold moments. Is your team stuck? Want to move on, haunted by the past cannot get any useful dialogue about the future? Facing a challenging transition into a new school or setting? Leaving school? Bored with annual reviews, transition plans and review meetings? Want to find a way of making meetings and planning feel more real and engaging? Need an approach, which engages a young person respectfully together with his or her family and friends? Want the ultimate visual record of the process of a meeting, which will help everyone, keep track? Want to problem solve and plan for the future of a small or large group, service or organisation up to the size of an LEA Learning Objectives To create a shared vision To talk through the story so far and reflect upon it To name the worse nightmares that will block progress To strengthen the group by focussing on gifts and capacity To detail needs To specify an Action Plan To create a visual graphic record of the whole event Course Content The MAP process has 6 Steps: The story so far. The group is required to think back over the years to describe their collective experience of changes and events over time within their settings. Stories and events are recorded on the graphic. Building Shared Dreams. The group thinks together about what they would love to see happening for children, families and practitioners in their settings if they could have it all. If there were no constraints on time, money, resources, people or anything else what do they see happening in their imaginations? The various ideas that the group comes up with are then recorded in key words, images and colours on the MAP graphic. The purpose of this Step is to give the group a sense of direction, their North Star, an image of the place they want to work towards. Nightmare. In this Step, the group imagines the worst scenarios. What is the opposite of their dreams? How bad could it get? This is a shorter but powerful process that can give some groups more energy than dreaming together. Gifts and Capacity. In this Step the group is asked to take explicit stock of their capacities and what they already have going for them as they begin working towards the vision. This is a strong reminder for any group of the wealth of knowledge and experience that is already and always in the room. Needs. In this Step the group is invited to begin to name some of the needs they will have if they are to move forward to wards the dream and away from the nightmare. Actions. This is the final Step in the MAP and calls for individuals within the group to name a range of very specific actions (however small) that they will take within a definite time scale. This is not a time for declaring good intentions or suggesting good ideas for someone else to do. The purpose of this Step is to end the MAP process with a range of clearly understood actions that carry this planning process forward into the real world.

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MEF Carrier Ethernet training course description The course progresses from a overview of the Carrier Ethernet service and how it works onto looking at the concepts in depth. Service attributes and management follow with the course finishing with studies of practical Carrier Ethernet. What will you learn Discuss and understand key Carrier Ethernet Concepts. Understand tasks related to designing, deploying and maintaining a Carrier Ethernet network. Offer effective solutions to implementing a Carrier Ethernet enterprise network given available customer resources and requirements. Carry out informed discussions using industry Carrier Ethernet 'vocabulary. Pass the MEF CECP 2.0 professional accreditation exam. MEF Carrier Ethernet training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with Carrier Ethernet Prerequisites: The course attendees need to be conversant with data networks, as well as Ethernet and IP technologies. Duration 5 days MEF Carrier Ethernet training course contents Section One: Introduction to Carrier Ethernet Introduction to Carrier Ethernet: What is Carrier Ethernet? Evolution, advantages, The MEF, MEF specifications; UNI, EVC, OVC, EPL/EVPL, EP-LAN/ EVP-LAN, EP-Tree/EVP-Tree, etc, overview. How Carrier Ethernet Works: Service Frame Handling. Carrier Ethernet at Customer Premises, metro and core. Carrier Ethernet Workings, UNI attributes, Service Attributes (EVC and EVC per UNI attributes), Bandwidth Profiles, service multiplexing, L2 protocol processing; Carrier Ethernet equipment, CPE, aggregation and homing nodes, core equipment; management systems. The Setting Up of a Carrier Ethernet Service: Step 1: Choose service type, EPL/EVPL, EP-LAN/EVP-LAN, EPTree/EVP-Tree, EVLine...; Step 2: CPE tasks, UNI-C tasks (UNI attributes, service attributes (EVC and EVC per UNI) and bandwidth profiles), UNI-N tasks (L2 protocol handling). Step 3: Non-CPE tasks, Access, metro and core connections set up. Section Two: Carrier Ethernet Concepts in depth Carrier Ethernet Definitions in Depth: UNI, UNI I & II, UNI-N and UNI-C, etc.; NNI/ENNI; EVC; OVC, OVC type (P2P, M2M, Rooted MP), OVC end point (root, leaf, trunk), OVC end point map, OVC end point bundling; Service types in detail, EPL/EVPL, EP-LAN/EVP-LAN, EP-Tree/EVP-Tree, EVLine, Access EPL, Access EVPL . Carrier Ethernet Service Frame Handling: Unicast, multicast and broadcast frame delivery, Tagged, untagged and priority; Tagging, C and S-Tags, 802.3, 802.1d, 802.1q, 802.1ad, 802.1ah evolution, VLAN ID translation/preservation. CoS preservation. Other Key Carrier Ethernet Concepts: MTU, MTU at UNI, MTU at ENNI; Physical Layer Attributes, FE, GbE and 10GbE, Service Multiplexing and Bundling Concept and detail, rules and implications; Hairpin Switching Managing Bandwidth in a Carrier Ethernet Network: Token Bucket Algorithm, EIR, CIR, CBS, EBS, Coupling Flag; Frame Colors, recoloring, Color Awareness attribute, Color Forwarding; Bandwidth Profiles, rules and concepts. MEF CoS identifiers, DEI bit (in S-Tag), PCP bit (in C-Tag or S-Tag), or DSCP (in IP header), Multiflow bandwidth concepts; CoS Label/Color Identification. Section Three: Carrier Ethernet Service Attributes Overview: Carrier Ethernet 2.0; Blueprint C Service Attributes: Per UNI, Physical interfaces, Frame format, Ingress/egress Bandwidth Profiles, CEVLAN ID/EVC Map, UNI protection. EVC per UNI, Ingress/egress Bandwidth Profiles, etc.; Per EVC, CEVLAN ID Preservation, CoS ID Preservation, Relationship between SLA and SLP, Class of Service, etc. OVC, ENNI, OVC End Point per UNI and OVC End Point per ENNI, Ingress/egress bandwidth profiles, etc. Section Four: Managing Carrier Ethernet Networks Overview: MEF Service Lifecycle.Carrier Ethernet maintenance: Port, Link & NE failure, Service Protection Technologies, Fault Identification and Recovery, LAG, Active/Standby EVC, Single EVC with transport protection, G.8031, G.8032, MPLS FRR. SOAMs: Connectivity fault management, connectivity Monitoring, Loopback, Linktrace; Performance Management, Frame Delay, Inter Frame Delay Variation, Availability, Frame Loss Ratio, Resiliency, HLI, DMM, DMR, SLM, SLR; Key Concepts, Single vs dual ended, ordered UNI pair calculations. LOAMs: Link discovery, link monitoring, etc. Terminology and Concepts: MEG levels, MIPs. Section Five: Practical Carrier Ethernet Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies:Layer 1: SDH. Layer 2: Bridging, provider bridging, PBB, PBBTE. Layer 2.5: MPLS VPWS, MPLS VPLS, MPLS-TP. Carrier Ethernet Access Technologies: fiber, SDH, active fiber, PON, GPON, 10G PON, OTN, WDM; copper, PDH, G-SDSL, 10Pass-TS, HFC; packet radio. Optimising mobile backhaul with Carrier Ethernet Key challenges solutions: Market pressure, LTE evolution, elements and architecture (RAN BS, NC, GWIF.), synchronization, bandwidth management. Circuit Emulation over Ethernet: Purpose, needs and applications. Synchronization: Phased, ToD, External Reference source, SynchE ,NTP, IEEE-1588 v2/ PTP, ACR; MEF Service Definitions for emulated circuits. Applying what you know: Practical examples and scenarios, Carrier Ethernet solutions; Practice Scenarios, Given a scenario, determine appropriate Ethernet services