516 Sing courses in Cardiff delivered Live Online

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT)  This 5 half-day virtual course provides a detailed description of all the methods used to reduce the heat rate (increase the efficiency) of pulverized coal and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) coal power plants. All the processes, operational and maintenance activities, capital projects, technical options, potential initiatives and incentives to implement upgrades/repairs for increasing the plant efficiency will be covered in detail. Training Objectives Calculate the Heat Rate of Coal Power Plants: Learn all the methods used to calculate the heat rate of coal power plants Benefits of Lowering the Heat Rate of Coal Power Plants: Understand all the benefits of lowering the heat rate of coal power plants Methods Used to Improve Coal Power Plants Heat Rate: Gain a thorough understanding of all the methods used to improve the heat rate of coal power plants Processes, Operational and Maintenance Activities: Discover all the processes, operational and maintenance activities used to improve the heat rate of coal power plants Capital Projects Used to Improve the Heat Rate: Learn about all the capital projects used to improve the heat rate of coal power plants Technical Options for Improving the Heat Rate: Understand all the technical options used to improve the heat rate of coal power plants Potential Initiatives and Incentives to Implement Upgrades/Repairs for Improving the Heat Rate: Discover all the potential initiatives and incentives to implement upgrades/repairs for improving the heat rate of coal power plants Factors Affecting Coal Power Plant Efficiency and Emissions: Learn about all the factors which affect coal power plants efficiency and emissions Areas in Pulverized Coal and Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Power Plants where Efficiency Loss Can Occur: Discover all the areas in pulverized coal and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) power plants where efficiency loss can occur Optimize the Operation of Coal Power Plant Equipment and Systems to improve the Plant Heat Rate: Understand all the techniques and methods used to optimize the operation of coal power plant equipment and systems to improve the plant heat rate Coal Power Plant Equipment and Systems: Learn about various coal power plant equipment and systems including boilers, superheaters, reheaters, steam turbines, governing systems, deaerators, feedwater heaters, coal-handling equipment, transformers, generators and auxiliaries Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Training Methods The VILT will be delivered online in 5 half-day sessions comprising 4 hours per day, with 1 x 10 minutes break per day, including time for lectures, discussion, quizzes and short classroom exercises. Additionally, some self-study will be requested. Participants are invited but not obliged to bring a short presentation (10 mins max) on a practical problem they encountered in their work. This will then be explained and discussed during the VILT. A short test or quiz will be held at the end the course. The instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all the delegates gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

Data dashboards provide key information to stakeholders so that they can make informed decisions. While there are plenty of software solutions for building these essential data products, there is much less guidance on how to design dashboards to meet the diverse needs of users.  This course is for anyone who is building or implementing dashboards, and wants to know more about design principles and best practice. You could be using business intelligence software (such as Power BI or Tableau), or implementing bespoke solutions.  The course will give your team the ability to evaluate user needs and levels of understanding, make informed decisions about chart selections, and make effective use of interactivity dynamic data.  We’ll work with you before the course to ensure that we understand your organisation and what you’re hoping to achieve.  Sample learning content  Session 1: Data with a purpose Understanding the different types of dashboard. Information overload and other common dashboard pitfalls. Assessing user needs and levels of data fluency. Session 2: Planning a dashboard Assessing diverse user needs and levels of data fluency. Taking a User Experience (UX) approach to design and navigation. Applying an interative and collaborative approach to onboarding. Session 3: Graphs, charts and dials  Understanding how graphical perception informs chart choices. Making intelligent design choices to help users explore. Design principles for layout and navigation. Session 4: Using interactivity  Making effective use of filters to slice and dice data sets. Using layers of information to enable drilldown data exploration. Complenting dashboards with automated alerts and queries. Delivery We deliver our courses over Zoom, to maximise flexibility. The training can be delivered in a single day, or across multiple sessions. All of our courses are live and interactive – every session includes a mix of formal tuition and hands-on exercises. To ensure this is possible, the number of attendees is capped at 16 people.  Tutor Alan Rutter is the founder of Fire Plus Algebra. He is a specialist in communicating complex subjects through data visualisation, writing and design. He teaches for General Assembly and runs in-house training for public sector clients including the Home Office, the Department of Transport, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Health Foundation, and numerous local government and emergency services teams. He previously worked with Guardian Masterclasses on curating and delivering new course strands, including developing and teaching their B2B data visualisation courses. He oversaw the iPad edition launches of Wired, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue in the UK, and has worked with Condé Nast International as product owner on a bespoke digital asset management system for their 11 global markets. Testimonial “Alan was great to work with, he took us through the concepts behind data visualisation which means our team is now equipped for the future. He has a wide range of experience across the topic that is delivered in a clear, concise and friendly manner. We look forward to working with Alan again in the future.” John Masterson | Chief Product Officer | ImproveWell

Successful communications are all about making the message as simple as possible – but this can be difficult when the subjects we're talking about are inherently complicated.  Academic institutions, tech companies, health organisations, charities and many others have complex ideas, processes and systems at the heart of what they do.  This course is for anybody who needs to distill information down into key messages for important stakeholders, funders and investors, decision makers and members of the public.  You’ll learn proven techniques for grabbing attention and changing minds through presentations and public speaking, infographics and data visualisations, and written reports and online posts.  We’ll work with you before the course to ensure that we understand your organisation and what you’re hoping to achieve. Sample learning content Session 1: Understanding your audience Matching your objectives to your audience's motivations. Identifying the right tone and language. Understanding how, where and when your audience wants to be spoken to. Session 2: Refining your objectives  Breaking down strategic aims into tactical steps Metrics and milestones: defining and measuring progress and success. Rapidly building a brief for your communications. Session 3: Telling the story  Using metaphors, visuals, comparisons to frame your narrative. From slide decks to online campaigns - choosing the right formats for delivering your message. Selecting communications channels to maximise reach and impact. Session 4: Keeping it going  Processes and systems for launching and maintaining communications campaigns. Building social proof – creating and curating content. Troubleshooting and preparing for common challenges. Delivery We deliver our courses over Zoom, to maximise flexibility. The training can be delivered in a single day, or across multiple sessions. All of our courses are live and interactive – every session includes a mix of formal tuition and hands-on exercises. To ensure this is possible, the number of attendees is capped at 16 people.  Tutor Alan Rutter is the founder of Fire Plus Algebra. He is a specialist in communicating complex subjects through data visualisation, writing and design. He teaches for General Assembly and runs in-house training for public sector clients including the Home Office, the Department of Transport, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Health Foundation, and numerous local government and emergency services teams. He previously worked with Guardian Masterclasses on curating and delivering new course strands, including developing and teaching their B2B data visualisation courses. He oversaw the iPad edition launches of Wired, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue in the UK, and has worked with Condé Nast International as product owner on a bespoke digital asset management system for their 11 global markets. Testimonial “We’ve now worked with Alan for almost 3 years, and during that time he has continued to deliver the highest quality training for our clients and delegates. Alan’s passionate delivery style has continued to deliver innovative training solutions to over 1500 delegates across the public, private and voluntary sector. Each of our courses with him has always delivered exceptional feedback and satisfaction levels.” Joe Barlow | Head of Programme, Understanding ModernGov

To drive actions and get decisions made, you need to be able to present effectively to customers, clients, senior managers or colleagues. The perfect presentation is a potent combination of content, design and delivery  You need to distill down complex concepts, large data sets, intricate processes and innovative ideas. You need to make the right design choices to ensure your slide decks communicate quickly (as well as looking great). And you need the confidence and storytelling techniques to lead your audience through the content.  This course is for anyone who regularly needs to create and deliver presentations for different stakeholders. It will cover how to plan, design and deliver brilliant presentations.  Sample learning content  Session 1: Planning a presentation  Assessing the needs and level of understanding of your audience. Frameworks for building a logical and compelling narrative. Emphasising key messages, while allowing for deep dives and questions. Session 2: Presenting data and processes Understand graphical perception and how people absorb visual information. Effective charts for different types of data stories. How to display processes, timelines and organisational structures. Session 3: Design tricks Using colours to add emphasis and meaning. Creating hierarchies of information to help your audience. Building templates and style guides. Session 4: Delivery techniques Perfecting your performance in-person or online. Dealing with difficult questions and hostile audiences. Refining the beginning, middle and end of your narrative. Delivery We deliver our courses over Zoom, to maximise flexibility. The training can be delivered in a single day, or across multiple sessions. All of our courses are live and interactive – every session includes a mix of formal tuition and hands-on exercises. To ensure this is possible, the number of attendees is capped at 16 people.  Tutor Alan Rutter is the founder of Fire Plus Algebra. He is a specialist in communicating complex subjects through data visualisation, writing and design. He teaches for General Assembly and runs in-house training for public sector clients including the Home Office, the Department of Transport, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Health Foundation, and numerous local government and emergency services teams. He previously worked with Guardian Masterclasses on curating and delivering new course strands, including developing and teaching their B2B data visualisation courses. He oversaw the iPad edition launches of Wired, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue in the UK, and has worked with Condé Nast International as product owner on a bespoke digital asset management system for their 11 global markets. Testimonial "We’ve now worked with Alan for almost 3 years, and during that time he has continued to deliver the highest quality training for our clients and delegates. Alan’s passionate delivery style has continued to deliver innovative training solutions to over 1500 delegates across the public, private and voluntary sector. Each of our courses with him has always delivered exceptional feedback and satisfaction levels." Joe Barlow | Head of Programme, Understanding ModernGov

Data has become the most important resource for every organisation – but the insights gained from data analysis will only ever be truly valuable if they can be clearly expressed to other people.  This course is for anybody who works with data, and needs to communicate the meaning that's in the numbers to colleagues, customers, bosses or external stakeholders.  It will give you or your team the confidence and skills to translate raw data into compelling visual stories for your key audiences. The principles and skills covered apply to the simplest PowerPoint chart, to more complex interactive visualisations.  We’ll work with you before the course to ensure that we understand your organisation and what you’re hoping to achieve.  Sample learning content Session 1: What makes a great data-driven story The key elements of a successful infographic or presentation. Industry best practice, and discussion of good (and bad) examples. A simple framework for identifying the Audience, Story and Action. Session 2: Data in context How to balance function and aesthetic appeal. Identifying the right graph, chart, infographic or other visual. Framing the data and providing contextual information. Session 3: Designing for the human brain Using colours to add emphasis and meaning. Design and layout principles, and creating hierarchies of information. The principle of ‘self-sufficiency’, and removing clutter. Session 4: Navigation and narrative Tailoring visualisations for different types of communications. Structuring presentations and longer reports. Thinking in layers to create interactive dashboards. Delivery We deliver our courses over Zoom, to maximise flexibility. The training can be delivered in a single day, or across multiple sessions. All of our courses are live and interactive – every session includes a mix of formal tuition and hands-on exercises. To ensure this is possible, the number of attendees is capped at 16 people.  Tutor Alan Rutter is the founder of Fire Plus Algebra. He is a specialist in communicating complex subjects through data visualisation, writing and design. He teaches for General Assembly and runs in-house training for public sector clients including the Home Office, the Department of Transport, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Health Foundation, and numerous local government and emergency services teams. He previously worked with Guardian Masterclasses on curating and delivering new course strands, including developing and teaching their B2B data visualisation courses. He oversaw the iPad edition launches of Wired, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue in the UK, and has worked with Condé Nast International as product owner on a bespoke digital asset management system for their 11 global markets.
 Testimonial “I was familiar with Alan’s work as a Guardian Masterclass instructor on data visualisation and digital journalism, which made it easy for me to recommend him for onsite training at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. We had a large group of people interested in honing their abilities to depict their research and stories in engaging ways. Alan’s course provided great insight about common communication pitfalls and how to avoid them, how to become better communicators by understanding the audience diversity, and it showcased some great online tools for creating infographics. This should be mandatory training for all students, academics, report writers and those involved with conveying research to the media as it will help increase the clarity and accessibility of our own research stories.”
 Dr Lee Haines | Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

Microsoft Active Directory course description A thorough understanding of this system is essential for anyone managing enterprise MS networks. Essential theory is complimented with a high level of hands on practice allowing delegates to observe the idiosyncrasies of Active Directory and Group Policy at first hand. Delegates learn the fundamental theory of AD and progress onto building a multi-domain network in the classroom. The course includes troubleshooting methods, and essential maintenance procedures. This course is designed to teach you the skills needed for day to day management of these technologies. What will you learn Install AD on multiple PCs. Use the tools to create and manage objects. Create appropriate group policies to restrict selected user's desktops and network access. Install DNS to support Active Directory without loosing Internet Connectivity. Maintain and troubleshoot AD problems Backup Active Directory. Microsoft Active Directory course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with AD based networks. Prerequisites: Supporting Windows server. Duration 3 days Microsoft Active Directory course contents Introduction to Active Directory Network authentication methods, Active Directory defined, AD naming conventions, network management with AD, AD structures: Domains, Organisational Units, Forests & Trees, Sites, The Global Catalogue. Windows 2003 new features, installing AD. Hands on Installing an AD network. Windows overview Management methods Server management tools, installing the additional tools, Terminal Server: Administration mode, Administrator accounts in AD, Local Security Policy. Hands on Install the management tools, Management using Terminal Services. Creating & Managing Objects (a quick look) AD management tools, AD users and computers, Creating & managing OUs, User Accounts and groups, controlling access to AD objects, moving objects, Publishing resources, locating objects in AD, delegating authority. Hands on Creating a control OU structure and delegating authority. Introduction to Group Policies What are Group Policies? Where Group Policy data is stored, security, Group Policy flow. Hands on Implementing Group Policies Working with Group Policies Local security templates, administrative templates, scripts, folder redirection, software deployment. Hands on Scripts, redirecting the start menu, creating a secure, robust desktop environment. Implementing DNS DNS basics, troubleshooting, implementing DNS zones. Hands on Building a unified DNS solution. Maintaining and managing the AD database AD support tools, database internal structure, replication, replication tools, Single Operations Masters, tools for maintenance, maintenance techniques, Backing up AD, Directory Services restore mode, NTDSUtil, Authoritative & non-authoritative restoration, rebuilding. Hands on NTDSUtil.

Today, every individual and organisation is a publisher. You want everyone in your organisation to be a potential ambassador. And every employee has something to gain from raising their profile and showcasing their expertise. An effective content strategy allows you to deliver compelling stories to your audience in the most seamless way possible to make an emotional connection. This requires a mix of passion for the subject matter, a deep relationship with your audience, robust production processes, and the right tools.  With a background in journalism and technology, we’ve worked on many projects that combine the two – including overseeing the iPad edition launches for Condé Nast in the UK, product ownership of a Digital Asset Manager for Condé Nast International, and developing and delivering content training for telco VEON.  Publishers and brands we’ve worked with include WIRED, Time Out, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue – as well as solo entrepreneurs and startups who are trying to cut through the noise and get their message heard.  In this course we'll cover the key elements of an effective content strategy: how to plan across multiple platforms, and how to implement your blueprint without exhausting yourself or your team. Sample learning content  Session 1: Planning a content strategy Mapping and understanding your audiences. Defining your content objectives, for you or your organisation. Common pitfalls with poorly targeted content. Session 2: A content creation framework Finding ideas to generate a consistent stream of content. Idenitfying angles that will help you stand out from the crowd. Using different formats across multiple channels. Session 3: Keeping it going Simple processes to help hit deadlines and publish regularly. Balancing content creation and content creation. Creating a mix of evergreen and timely content. Session 4: Measurement and iteration Useful (and useless) metrics for content producers. Handling comments and joining the conversation. Iterating your content strategy based on feedback. Delivery We deliver our courses over Zoom, to maximise flexibility. The training can be delivered in a single day, or across multiple sessions. All of our courses are live and interactive – every session includes a mix of formal tuition and hands-on exercises. 
To ensure this is possible, the number of attendees is capped at 16 people.  Tutor Alan Rutter is the founder of Fire Plus Algebra. He is a specialist in communicating complex subjects through data visualisation, writing and design. He teaches for General Assembly and runs in-house training for public sector clients including the Home Office, the Department of Transport, the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, the Health Foundation, and numerous local government and emergency services teams. He previously worked with Guardian Masterclasses on curating and delivering new course strands, including developing and teaching their B2B data visualisation courses. He oversaw the iPad edition launches of Wired, GQ, Vanity Fair and Vogue in the UK, and has worked with Condé Nast International as product owner on a bespoke digital asset management system for their 11 global markets. Testimonial “The EMpower Network commissioned the content creation workshop to understand how to communicate effectively with a wide range of stakeholders. In light of covid-19, it’s more important than ever to communicate clearly especially as we’ve moved to remote meetings. The workshop was very insightful and Alan was a very engaging speaker making sure all attendees contributed and worked through real-life examples. Attendees praised the usefulness of the workshop and especially liked the content generation framework with one saying 'It has changed the way I think about communicating and given me a toolkit that I will use in both my work and personal projects'.” Shade Nathaniel-Ayodele | EMpower Network, Southwark Council 

Network virtualization training course description This course covers network virtualization. It has been designed to enable network engineers to recognise and handle the requirements of networking Virtual Machines. Both internal and external network virtualization is covered along with the technologies used to map overlay networks on to the physical infrastructure. Hands on sessions are used to reinforce the theory rather than teach specific manufacturer implementations. What will you learn Evaluate network virtualization implementations and technologies. Connect Virtual Machines with virtual switches. Explain how overlay networks operate. Describe the technologies in overlay networks. Network virtualization training course details Who will benefit: Engineers networking virtual machines. Prerequisites: Introduction to virtualization. Duration 2 days Network virtualization training course contents Virtualization review Hypervisors, VMs, containers, migration issues, Data Centre network design. TOR and spine switches. VM IP addressing and MAC addresses. Hands on VM network configuration Network virtualization What is network virtualization, internal virtual networks, external virtual networks. Wireless network virtualization: spectrum, infrastructure, air interface. Implementations: Open vSwitch, NSX, Cisco, others. Hands on VM communication over the network. Single host network virtualization NICs, vNICs, resource allocation, vSwitches, tables, packet walks. vRouters. Hands on vSwitch configuration, MAC and ARP tables. Container networks Single host, network modes: Bridge, host, container, none. Hands on Docker networking. Multi host network virtualization Access control, path isolation, controllers, overlay networks. L2 extensions. NSX manager. OpenStack neutron. Packet walks. Distributed logical firewalls. Load balancing. Hands on Creating, configuring and using a distributed vSwitch. Mapping virtual to physical networks VXLAN, VTEP, VXLAN encapsulation, controllers, multicasts and VXLAN. VRF lite, GRE, MPLS VPN, 802.1x. Hands on VXLAN configuration. Orchestration vCenter, vagrant, OpenStack, Kubernetes, scheduling, service discovery, load balancing, plugins, CNI, Kubernetes architecture. Hands on Kubernetes networking. Summary Performance, NFV, automation. Monitoring in virtual networks.

Transmission demystified training course description Transmission is the process of sending information along a medium of, copper, fibre or wireless. This course looks at transmission techniques for both telecommunications and data communications with a particular focus on Microwave, SDH, DWDM transmission. The course aims to demystify these technologies by explaining all the buzzwords used in transmission. What will you learn Describe various transmission technologies such as multiplexing and demultiplexing. Explain how Microwave works. Explain how SDH works. Explain how DWDM works. Transmission demystified training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working in telecommunications. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Transmission demystified training course contents Transmission basics Systems, media, signals. Signal degradation, noise, distortion, attenuation. Digital, analogue. Modulation, encoding. RF Frequency, wavelength. Distance / range issues, interference, Antenna, power, dB, RF propagation, testing. Microwave transmission What is microwave transmission, point to point communications, line of sight, parabolic antenna, relays, planning considerations, rain and other issues Wired transmissions Copper, Fibre, optical transmission, fibre characteristics, fibre component parts. Multi Mode Fibre (MMF). Single Mode Fibre (SMF). Fibre connections. Lasers. Attenuations, dispersion, optical signal noise ratios (OSNR) and their effects. Channel Spacing and Signal Direction. Limiting factors to single wavelength. Introduction to SDH Timing and synchronisation of digital signals, the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH), the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), service protection with SDH. TDM. SDH6 Standards, basic units, frames, STM1 frame, bit rates, STM0, STM1, STM4, STM16, STM64, STM256, SDH architecture, rings, Add drop multiplexors. SDH network topologies, structure of SDH equipment, SDH synchronisation, protection switching in SDH networks, SDH alarm structure, testing of SDH, equipment and systems, Ethernet over SDH. WDM overview Multiplexing, TDM, WDM benefits. WDM standards. CWDM vs. DWDM. Four Wave Mixing (FWM). Impact and countermeasures to FWM on WDM.tructure of SDH equipment, SDH synchronisation, protection switching in SDH networks, SDH alarm structure, testing of SDH, equipment and systems, Ethernet over SDH. DWDM ITU G.694.1, channel and spacing. Optical Terminal Multiplexers (OTM). Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (OADM). Adding versus dropping. Optical Amplifiers. Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA). Transponders and Combiners. Optical and Electrical Cross Connects (OXCs/DXCs). Cross Connect types (Transparent/Opaque). Advantages and disadvantages of various Optical cross connects. IP transmission Telecommunications versus data communications, IP transmission, VoIP, MPLS.

Essential optical transmission course description Transmission is the process of sending information along a medium of, copper, fibre or wireless. This course looks at transmission techniques for fibre networks. The course aims to demystify the technologies involved by explaining all the buzzwords used in optical transmission. What will you learn Describe various optical transmission technologies. Explain how SDH and OTN work. Explain how WDM, CWDM and DWDM work. Explain PON, GPON and GEPON. Essential optical transmission course details Who will benefit: Anyone working in telecommunications. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Essential optical transmission course contents Transmission basics nsmission basics Systems, media, signals. Signal degradation, noise, distortion, attenuation. Digital, analogue. Modulation, encoding. Fibre transmission Fibre vs copper, optical transmission, fibre characteristics, fibre component parts. Multi Mode Fibre (MMF). Single Mode Fibre (SMF). Fibre connections. Lasers. Attenuations, dispersion, optical signal noise ratios (OSNR) and their effects. Channel Spacing and Signal Direction. Limiting factors to single wavelength. SDH Timing and synchronisation of digital signals, the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH), the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), service protection with SDH. TDM. Standards, basic units, frames, STM1 frame, bit rates, STM0, STM1, STM4, STM16, STM64, STM256, SDH architecture, rings, Add drop multiplexors. SDH network topologies, structure of SDH equipment, SDH synchronisation, protection switching in SDH networks, SDH alarm structure, testing of SDH, equipment and systems, Ethernet over SDH. OTN G.709, OTN interface structure, Optical transport modules, ONNI, OCh, OUT, ODU, OPU. G.709 amendments. WDM overview Multiplexing, TDM, WDM benefits. WDM standards. CWDM vs. DWDM. Four Wave Mixing (FWM). Impact and countermeasures to FWM on WDM. DWDM ITU G.694.1, channel and spacing. Optical Terminal Multiplexers (OTM). Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (OADM). Adding versus dropping. Optical Amplifiers. Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA). Transponders and Combiners. Optical and Electrical Cross Connects (OXCs/DXCs). Cross Connect types (Transparent/Opaque). Advantages and disadvantages of various Optical cross connects. FTTx Fibre installation and air blown fibre, FTTH, FTTC, FTTN, FTTD, FFTH topologies and wavelengths, active or passive optical network. PON variants Gigabit passive optical network (GPON), Gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (GEPON), Time division PON (TDM-PON), XG-PON, Wave Division Multiplexing PON (WDM-PON), 1Gbps, 10Gbps, 40Ggps, 100Gbps FSAN (Full Service Access Network) NGA (Next Generation Access), Strategies for TDM-PON to WDM-PON migration, Architecture of NG-PON (hybrid WDM/TDM PON), Additional services than triple play.