902 Other courses in Ashtead

H.323 training course description A hands on course covering IP telephony with H.323. The course starts with a brief review of knowledge students should already possess including RTP and RTCP. The main focus is on H.323 protocols though, progressing from what H.323 is through signalling, call processing and architectures, moving onto more advanced issues including security, multimedia, conferencing, and interoperability. Hands on practicals follow each major theory session. What will you learn Explain how H.323 works. Analyse H.323 packets. Deploy H.323 IP telephony solutions. Integrate H.323 with other telephony solutions. H.323 training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with H.323 Prerequisites: Voice Over IP Duration 2 days H.323 training course contents VoIP review Brief review of VoIP, IP, telephones and voice. RTP, RTCP, mixers and translators. What is H.323? The framework, Why H.323, history, H.323 standards and the ITU, H.323 versions 1,2,3,4, and 5, Annexes and Appendices, capabilities, services, How H.323 works, a basic call. H.323 protocol stack The overall framework, Audio codecs (H.7xx), Video codecs (H.26x), T.120 data conferencing. H.323 Architecture Endpoints: Terminals, MCUs, gateways. Gatekeepers, border and peer elements, design issues, signalling with and without gatekeepers. H.225 Packet format, ASN.1, Information elements, Call setup, Call control. Gatekeepers Gatekeeper features, admissions, address translation, bandwidth management, call routing, zones, administrative domains, gatekeeper discovery, call establishment, fast connect. RAS packet formats, RAS signalling. Alternate gatekeepers. H.245 Purpose, call control channel, relationship with H.225, message format, tunnelling. H.323 Supplementary services Conferencing: point to point, multipoint, hybrid, broadcast, H.332. H.450.x. Call transfer, diversion, hold and waiting. Remote device control (H.282, H.283). Capability exchange, Video. Security H.235. Authentication, privacy, transport layer level security. Interoperability Gateways, Inter working with PSTN, SIP and H323. H.246. Annexes and Appendices An overview.

Git and GitHub course description This course covers version control using Git but also using GUI frontends such as GitHub. The course starts with a tour of using GitHub but then quickly moves onto using git from the command line. All elements of git version control are covered including creation of repositories, adding and editing files, branches and merging, rewriting history and handling merge conflicts. Hands on sessions are used throughout the course. What will you learn Install git. Add and edit files in a repository. Create branches and perform merges. Handle merge conflicts. Git and GitHub course details Who will benefit: Anyone requiring version control. Prerequisites: None. Duration 1 day Git and GitHub course contents Introduction Version control for software, configuration management. Other uses. Version control systems. What is git? What is GitHub? Distributed version control. Comparison of git to other systems. GitHub Getting started, creating an account, account types, repositories, access control, bug tracking, feature requests. Alternatives to GitHub. Hands on Using GitHub. Installing git Linux install, Windows install, git config, levels, user.name, user.email. Hands on Installing and configuring git. Creating repositories git clone, github, git remote, git init. Hands on Creating a repository. Adding and editing files Staging and adding, git add, git commit, git push, git pull, git status, git log. Two stage process. File states: Working, staging, history, untracked. git mv, git rm, .gitignore, git diff, git difftool. Undoing changes. Hands on Adding and editing files in git. Branching and merging What is a branch, HEAD label, master branch, git branch, git checkout. Feature branches, bux fix branches, integration branches, production branches, fast forward merges, 3 way merges, git merge, git status, git log, tags. Hands on Making branches, merging. Rewriting history git reset, git rebase, advantages. Hands on Reset commits, rebase a branch. Merge conflicts What is a conflict, conflict resolution process, resolving merges, rebasing, git log, merge tools, configuring merge tools, avoiding conflicts. Hands on Merge resolution.

This one-day or Two Session workshop will focus on a key but often ignored communication skill: Focused Listening.

D-Link switches training course description A hands on course covering the product specifics of D-Link switches. Installation, configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting are all covered in a practical oriented way. What will you learn Install D-Link switches. Use the command line interface and the web based interface to manage D-Link switches. Configure and troubleshoot D-Link switches. Perform software upgrades and maintain configurations using TFTP. D-Link switches training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with D-Link switches. Particularly aimed at engineers and technicians supporting D-Link switches. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days D-Link switches training course content Introduction How Ethernet works with hubs, How Ethernet works with switches. Installing D-link switches. Hands on Building a network with a hub, building a network with a D-Link switch. Basic troubleshooting The D-Link switch range, LEDs, cabling issues, factory resets, default settings. Hands on Building a network with multiple D-link switches. Configuration methods Managed vs. unmanaged switches, Console port access, telnet, web based access, SNMP, saving configurations, NVRAM, switch stacks. Hands on Accessing the switch using the CLI, IP address configuration, telnet. Command line interface Users, privileges, the CLI, online help. Hands on Basic commands, user accounts, displaying the switch configuration. Web based interface Getting started, basic format. Hands on Configuring the switch using the web interface. Port configuration Common port configuration tasks, link aggregation. Hands on Configuring ports. STP configuration What is STP? 802.1D vs. 802.1W (RSTP), configuring STP. Hands on Enabling and disabling STP, changing STP versions, configuring STP. VLAN configuration What are VLANS? 802.1Q, tagged/untagged, creating VLANS, applying VLANS. Hands on Setting up VLANS, setting up 802.1Q, Inter VLAN traffic. Housekeeping TFTP, upload download, updating firmware, updating configuration files, BOOTP/DHCP for IP addresses. Hands on Using TFTP to configure a D-Link switch. SNMP Switch configuration, D-View, other NMS's. Hands on Using SNMP to manage a D-link switch putting it all together: troubleshooting.

About this training course This 5 full-day course will provide a comprehensive understanding of the design of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. The design of all CFB boiler components and equipment including furnace, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, loop seals, expansion joints, refractory, and L-valves will be covered in detail. All potential operating problems and major operating problems, corrective actions and maintenance required for CFB boilers will be covered thoroughly. This course will focus on designing CFB boilers that have the highest efficiency, and maximum longevity and capacity factor. All the common problems encountered in CFB Boilers will be discussed in detail.This includes thermally induced failures, anchor system induced failures, water walls tube failures, NMEJ damages, clinker formation, refractory damages, APH tube chock-up, erosion and corrosion. The solutions to each of these problems will be presented. All repair and refurbishment methods, preventive and predictive maintenance required for CFB boilers will be covered in-depth. Several studies have confirmed that CFB boilers are the best method for power generation.This is due to their fuel flexibility, and lowest electricity cost among all types of boilers. This technology is in great demand due to various other advantages such as lower emissions as compared to other types of boilers and has a carbon footprint well below the norms laid down by the World Bank emission requirements. This course is a MUST for anyone who is involved in the design, operation or maintenance of circulating fluidized bed boilers, because it covers how these boilers are designed and provides guidelines and rules that ensure the CFB boilers have great performance. This course will also provide up-dated information in respect to the design of supercritical once-through CFB boilers and ultra supercritical CFB boilers. Training Objectives Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Design: Gain a thorough understanding of the best design methods of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: Components and Systems: Learn all the techniques used to design CFB boiler equipment and systems including furnace, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, loop seals, expansion joints, refractory, and L-valves. Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler to Achieve Highest Efficiency, and Best Performance and Economics: Gain a thorough understanding of all the methods used to design CFB boilers having the highest efficiency, longevity and capacity factor as well as best economics. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Equipment: Learn about various equipment of circulating fluidized bed boilers including: furnaces, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, ammonia injection systems, electrostatic precipitators, polishing dry scrubbers, fuel and sorbent feeding systems, bottom ash handling and extraction systems and materials. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Environmental Emissions: Learn about the monitoring and control of environmental emissions from circulating fluidized boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Instrumentation and Control Systems: Learn about the latest instrumentation and control systems of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Reliability and Testing: Increase your knowledge of predictive and preventive maintenance, reliability and testing of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Selection and Applications: Gain a detailed understanding of the selection considerations and applications of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Maintenance: Learn all the maintenance activities required for circulating fluidized bed boilers, to minimize their operating cost and maximize their efficiency, reliability, and longevity. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Refurbishment, and Life Extension Methods: Learn about life cycle cost, profitability, refurbishment, and life extension methods for all types of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Commissioning: Understand all the commissioning requirements of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Codes and Standards: Learn all the codes and standards applicable for circulating fluidized bed boilers. Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Training Methods Your specialist course leader relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'POWER GENERATION HANDBOOK' published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages) Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler manual (600 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) This 5 half-day Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) course covers carbon capture and geological storage of carbon dioxide. Burning fossil fuels for energy is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. Most anthropogenic (man-made) carbon dioxide is emitted by coal-fired or gas-fired power plants, and significant quantities of carbon dioxide are emitted through the production and separation of carbon dioxide-rich natural gas and industries such as cement, iron and steel. Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage, or CCUS, involves the long-term storage of captured carbon dioxide emissions in subsurface geologic formations. This VILT course covers all aspects of CCUS including transport, storage and monitoring, economics and community engagement. It explores in detail the challenges of the current technology of geological storage, monitoring and verification including examples from working projects around the world. Many of these technologies are commonly employed by the petroleum industry. Successful deployment of CCUS will also require economic incentives, appropriate regulation, clarity on liability issues and acceptance by the community. These aspects of CCUS, and the corresponding opportunities for appropriately skilled organisations and individuals also will be discussed. Course Content at a Glance Context for CCS/CCUS as An Emissions-reduction Measure Principles of Geological Storage Finding Geological Storage Sites Stationary Sources of Carbon Dioxide for Capture Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies Compression and Transport of Carbon Dioxide Economics of CCS/CCUS Community, Safety, Legal & Regulatory Issues Risk Assessment Training Objectives Upon completion of this VILT course, participants will be able to: Identify the need for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Outline the key steps in the Carbon Capture and Storage process Distinguish between reservoir rocks and sealing rocks Describe the importance of permeability and porosity to storing carbon dioxide Contrast the geological structures and trapping mechanisms for storing carbon dioxide Describe the changes in geologically stored carbon dioxide over time Outline the monitoring techniques employed to ensure the carbon dioxide is safely stored Appreciate the industrial applications of carbon dioxide capture Recognize the scale of industry required for transporting and storing carbon dioxide Describe economic considerations for CCS/CCUS Outline the economic and environmental opportunities and challenges with using carbon dioxide injection in a range of applications Explain the challenges of regulatory frameworks and public acceptance in a CCS/CCUS project Identify potential risks of a CCS/CCUS project Outline the risk assessment and management process Target Audience This VILT course is ideally suited for a technical audience - geoscientists, petroleum and chemical engineers - as well as for economists, regulators, legal staff and managers wishing to learn more about the details of both the technical, regulatory and socio-economic aspects of carbon capture and storage. Participants should have: Experience with oil and gas, coal or other energy projects Basic understanding of the energy industry Course Level Intermediate Trainer Your first expert course leader spent 18 years in the Petroleum Industry before joining academia, in both technical and managerial roles with Shell, Arco and Vico. He has received numerous awards, including Distinguished Service, Honorary member and Special Commendation awards from the American Association of Petroleum Geologist (AAPG) and was AAPG's International Vice-President and recently chairman of AAPG's House of Delegates (the Associations Parliamentary body). He is an SPE Distinguished Lecturer (DL) and has served as DL for several other professional organisations, including, AAPG, IPA and PESA. He is currently a Professor of Petroleum Geology and Engineering at the Australian School of Petroleum, University of Adelaide. He holds the South Australia State Chair in Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) and is also presently Distinguished Scientist of the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC), having served earlier as the Storage Program Manager and Chief Scientist. Your second expert course leader has a wide and deep knowledge of major capture technologies: solvent, membrane and adsorption based technologies and has developed pathways for retrofitting CO2 capture and storage (CCS) to fossil fuel-based power plants. He has been actively engaged in Post-combustion capture project management and demonstration projects in Victoria's Latrobe Valley on CO2 capture and hydrogen production, and on CO2 capture using membrane contactor technology. He has led various feasibility studies for the Asian Development Bank on CO2 Capture at Indian Oil Corporation's refineries, for JPOWER on hydrogen production from Victorian brown coal and for Kawasaki on incorporation of CCS in hydrogen production from fossil fuel. He has authored multiple peer reviewed journal articles, co-authored various confidential reports on CO2 capture, utilization and hydrogen production and utility, and has presented his work at various conferences, symposiums and seminars. He has a PhD in Chemical Engineering from Monash University Australia and a Master of Technology in Process Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India.     POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

RF fundamentals training course description Radio Frequency engineering is an important yet often overlooked area in today's wireless world. This course provides a grounding in RF theory and practice for wireless, cellular and microwave systems. What will you learn Explain the basics of RF. Describe RF propagation and antenna principles. Calculate propagation losses and link budgets. Test RF systems. RF fundamentals training course details Who will benefit: Those working with wireless, cellular and microwave systems. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days RF fundamentals training course contents What is RF? Definition of RF, RF wave characteristics: Frequency, wavelength, power, phase, impedance, RF history, radio signals, frequency bands, safety issues, legal issues. RF systems Microwaves, cellular/mobile RF, WLANs, other fixed wireless networks, basic RF components. Hands on Building a basic WLAN network. RF system components Transmitters: Antennas: Isotropic, Dipole, how antennas achieve gain. Modulation Schemes, bandwidth, AM, FM, FSK, PSK, QAM, QPSK, interference, performance. Hands on Interference and performance. Multiple access schemes FDMA, CDMA, TDMA, CSMA/CA. Wireless systems Cellular (GSM, UMTS), Wifi, WiMax, others: GPS, DBS, RFID, radar, Bluetooth. Hands on cellular. Spread Spectrum technologies Spread spectrum benefits and disadvantages, how it works, Direct Sequence, Frequency Hopping, hybrids. RF propagation Models, link budget, Smith chart, RF matching with the Smith chart. cell capacity, tradeoffs: power vs. bandwidth, free space, reflection, diffraction, multipath cancellation, propagation prediction and measurement tools. Hands on Smith charts. RF testing Why power rather than voltage/current, units of power, dB and dBm power conversions. Test equipment: signal generators, power meters, network analysers, spectrum analysers. RF test setups: return loss, insertion loss. Hands on RF testing.

Networks demystified training course description A concise overview course covering all aspects of networking with particular emphasis of use of the 7 layer model as a framework for discussing and learning new network terms enabling delegates to recognise the main buzzwords used in the industry. What will you learn Use the 7 layer model to classify networking terms. Differentiate between LANS and WANS. Recognise bandwidth measurements. List LAN and WAN technologies. Recognise cabling issues in a network. Networks demystified training course details Who will benefit: Sales staff, managers and other non-technical personnel. Technical personnel may benefit more from our Intro to data communications and networking course. Prerequisites: None. Duration 1 day Networks demystified training course contents What are networks? What is a network? Types of network, Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), connecting networks together with routers. The 7 layer model What is the 7 layer model? The importance of standards, using the 7 layer model to classify networking terms. Cables Copper, Fibre, Air, standards, connectors, LAN cables, WAN cables, distance limitations, hubs and repeaters, other issues. The radio spectrum. Bandwidth Bits and bytes. Bandwidth measurements, common technologies and their bandwidth, the impact of applications on bandwidth. Full and half duplex. Joining cables together to increase bandwidth (Link aggregation). LANs and WANs What is Ethernet? What is WiFi? What are Leased lines? What is MPLS? Ethernet switches Ethernet 'packets', MAC addresses, what is a switch, what is the difference between a hub and a switch. TCP/IP What is TCP/IP? What is a protocol? What is IP? What is TCP? The role of routers in joining LANS and WANS, What is the Internet? Applications Ways to use the network, clients, servers, web browsing and HTTP, Email, instant messaging, multimedia applications.

Microsoft Project Orange Belt® 2016: In-House Training This workshop gives participants a full insight into creating effective schedules using Microsoft® Project 2016, allowing you to estimate, coordinate, budget, staff, and control projects and support other users. This workshop gives participants a full insight into creating effective schedules using Microsoft® Project 2016, allowing you to estimate, coordinate, budget, staff, and control projects and support other users. This workshop provides the eBook Dynamic Scheduling with Microsoft® Project 2013, and is kept up to date with the framework of knowledge outlined by the Project Management Institute's PMBOK® Guide and the Practice Standard for Scheduling. What you Will Learn You'll learn how to: Understand what's new in Project 2016 Explain where Project 2016 fits in the Microsoft® EPM solution Initialize Project 2016 to start project planning Create a well-formed project schedule Understand task types and the schedule formula Assign resources and costs to tasks Analyze resource utilization and optimize the schedule Set a baseline and track progress Create and manage project reports Customize views and fields Apply Earned Value Management Understand the basics of managing multiple projects Getting Started Introductions Course structure Course goals and objectives Concepts of Project Management Getting Started with Project 2016 Project 2016: What's New and General Overview Setting Up a New Project Schedule (templates, options, save, etc.) Setting the Project Calendar Entering Tasks The planning processes Importing tasks (Word, Excel, SharePoint) Synchronizing with SharePoint Tasks List Creating and managing the WBS (include tasks, manually scheduled tasks, summary tasks, milestones, and custom WBS coding) Entering Estimates Tendencies in estimating The rolling wave approach Entering duration and work estimates Types of tasks Entering Dependencies The principle of dynamic scheduling Choosing the right Type of dependency Entering dependencies in Project 2016 Different applications of dependencies Entering Deadlines, Constraints, and Task Calendars Use of deadlines and constraints Entering deadlines and constraints in Project 2016 Entering Resources and Costs Types of resources Entering resources in Project 2016 Calendars and resources Entering costs in Project 2016 Entering Assignments Assignments in a schedule Assignments and task types Entering assignments in Project 2016 Assignments, budgets, and costs Optimizing the Schedule The critical path method (CPM) and the resource critical path (RCP) Resource leveling Optimizing time, cost, and resources in Project 2016 Updating the Schedule The baseline Updating strategies and situations Prepare the status and forecast report in Project 2016 Reporting Using reports Using Visual Reports Formatting and printing in Project 2016 Customizing fields in Project 2016 Earned Value Management (EVM) Overview of EVM Applying EVM with Project 2016 Evaluating the Project Evaluating the project performance Project benefits and results Templates for future projects Summary and Next steps Tools and checklist Best practices checklist Certification options

Definitive VPNs training course description A hands on course covering VPNs from the basics of benefits and Internet vs. Intranet VPNs through to detailed analysis of the technologies involved in VPNs. All the major VPN protocols are covered including PPPoE, L2TP, SSL, IPsec and dynamic VPNs. MPLS L3 VPNs are also covered. What will you learn Describe what a VPN is and explain the difference between different VPN types. Recognise the design and implementation issues involved in implementing a VPN. Explain how the various technologies involved in a VPN work. Describe and implement: L2TP, IPsec, SSL, MPLS L3 VPNs. Evaluate VPN technologies. Definitive VPNs training course details Who will benefit: Network personnel. Prerequisites: IP Security foundation for engineers. Duration 3 days Definitive VPNs training course contents VPN overview What is a VPN? What is an IP VPN? VPNs vs. Private Data Networks, Internet VPNs, Intranet VPNs, Remote access VPNs, Site to site VPNs, VPN benefits and disadvantages. VPN Tunnelling VPN components, VPN tunnels, tunnel sources, tunnel end points, hardware based VPNs, Firewall based VPNs, software based VPNs, tunnelling topologies, tunnelling protocols, which tunnelling protocol should you use? requirements of tunnels. VPN security components Critical VPN security requirements, Encryption and authentication, Diffie Hellman, DES, 3DES, RSA, PKI, Ca server types, pre shared keys versus certificates, Enrolling with a CA, RADIUS in VPNs. PPP Encapsulation, operation, authentication. Hands on Setting up PPPoE and analysing PPP packets. PPTP Overview, Components, How it works, control and data connections, GRE. Hands on Building a PPTP VPN. L2TP Overview, components, how it works, security, packet authentication, L2TP/IPSec, L2TP/PPP, Layer 2 versus layer 3 tunnelling. Hands on Implementing a L2TP tunnel. IPSec AH, HMAC, ESP, transport and tunnel modes, Security Association, use of encryption and authentication algorithms, manual vs automated key exchange, NAT and other issues. Hands on Implementing an IPSec VPN. Intranet VPNs Headers, architecture, label switching, LDP, MPLS VPNs. VPN products and services PE and CPE, management, various VPN products. VPN issues and architectures VPN architectures: terminate VPN before/on/ after/in parallel with firewall, resilience issues, VRRP, performance issues, QoS and VPNs. documentation.