15942 Organ courses

Getting Started The MSc in Project Management programme is designed for graduates and professionals aiming to pursue or advance their careers in project management. It equips students with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively plan, develop, manage, and execute complex projects. This comprehensive programme gives students a deep understanding of the project manager role, covering various management processes and practices relevant to project management. Students will gain proficiency in applying their expertise across different sectors. Enrolling in the MSc in Project Management programme enables students to develop the expertise needed to excel in the field and pursue rewarding careers in managing projects effectively. The programme aims to equip students to deliver practical and realistic solutions to strategic business challenges. The programme comprises two phases; the first is the Level 7 Diploma in Project Management, awarded by OTHM and delivered by the School of Business and Technology London. The second phase is the MA in Project Management Advanced Entry, delivered by London Graduate School and awarded by the University of Buckingham. School of Business and Technology London partners with LGS to promote this programme. About Awarding Body Buckingham is unique. It is the only independent University in the UK with a Royal Charter and probably the smallest, with around 2,700 students (approx 1,600 on campus). The University campus is well known for being one of the most attractive locations in the region. The Great Ouse River, home to much wildlife, winds through the heart of campus. Each student mixes with over 100 other different nationalities, so being at Buckingham is just like being in a mini global village. These contacts, acquaintances and friendships carry on long after life at Buckingham is over. Ranked Top 10 for Student Satisfaction Ranked Top 10 for Graduate Prospect Recognised by World Education Services (WES) OTHM Qualifications are approved and regulated by Ofqual (Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation) and recognised by Qualifications Wales. OTHM qualifications have achieved a reputation for maintaining significant skills in various job roles and industries like Business Studies, Leadership, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Health and Social Care, Information Technology, Accounting and Finance, Logistics and Supply Chain Management. OTHM serves the progression option with several UK universities that acknowledges the ability of learners after studying Level 3-7 qualifications to be considered for advanced entry into corresponding degree year/top-up and Master's/top-up programmes. Regulated by ofqual.gov.uk Recognised by World Education Services (WES) Assessment Assignments and Project No Examinations Entry Requirements A Bachelor's degree or an equivalent or higher qualification. A copy of a valid photo ID. A Statement of Purpose outlines your motivations for joining the course and your career aspirations in project management. An updated Curriculum Vitae (CV) that highlights at least two years of work experience at the graduate level in either a managerial or professional capacity. English Requirements A pass in English at A-level. A Bachelor's degree that was studied and assessed in English. An IELTS overall score of 6.5, with a minimum of 6.0 in each component. A TOEFL score of 72 overall, with a minimum of 18 in reading, 17 in listening, 20 in speaking, and 17 in writing. This includes the TOEFL Home Edition. In addition to the above requirements, all applicants will be scheduled for a live virtual interview with a staff member from the London Graduate School. Learners must request before enrolment to interchange unit(s) other than the preselected units shown in the SBTL website because we need to make sure the availability of learning materials for the requested unit(s). SBTL will reject an application if the learning materials for the requested interchange unit(s) are unavailable. Learners are not allowed to make any request to interchange unit(s) once enrolment is complete. Structure Phase 1 - OTHM Level 7 Diploma in Project Management Programme Structure Planning, Controlling and Leading a Project Unit Reference No: F/618/0223 TQT : 300 Credit : 30 This unit introduces learners to real-world project development and management, emphasizing global business challenges. It encourages critical thinking about project management as complex, culturally dependent systems. Understanding efficient project management is crucial due to the growing prevalence of project activities in firms. Learners delve into team roles, management skills, success factors, and monitoring. Procurement Risk and Contract Management Unit Reference No: R/618/0226 TQT : 300 Credit : 30 This unit aims to equip students with a fundamental understanding of procurement, emphasizing the identification and management of associated risks. It also fosters a critical grasp of relevant legislative frameworks and explores risk assessment in the procurement context. Advanced Project and Logistics Management Unit Reference No: H/618/0229 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit aims to provide learners with an understanding of portfolio management concepts and their features. It will also explore the benefits of having a Project Management Office and the steps involved in establishing an effective one. Additionally, learners will assess the supply chain ecosystem and evaluate IT frameworks suitable for handling logistics and supply chain complexities. Operations and Information Management for Project Managers Unit Reference No: K/618/0233 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit aims to foster a critical understanding of operations and information systems management in the context of projects. Learners will analyze the interconnections between different functional areas and the impact of current factors. Additionally, they will investigate how organizational strategy relates to product planning and assess the significance of inventory management, incorporating information systems and inventory scheduling. Advanced Research Methods Unit Reference No: A/618/0236 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit aims to provide learners with the practical, technical, and methodological skills necessary for independent research in project and management. It acknowledges that effective research requires cultivating specific and broad research skills. This encompasses grasping the research design process, learning diverse techniques for conducting research in business and management studies, and recognizing the ethical and societal implications of conducting valuable research. This unit empowers learners to cultivate a critical awareness of pivotal research skills as researchers and potential practitioners.   Phase 2 - MSc in Project Management Advanced Entry Programme Structure Research Methods Consultancy Project Report Delivery Methods The programme comprises two phases; the first is the Level 7 Diploma in Project Management, awarded by OTHM and delivered by the School of Business and Technology London. The School of Business and Technology London offers flexible learning methods, including online and blended learning, allowing students to choose the mode of study that suits their preferences and schedules. The programme is self-paced and facilitated through an advanced Learning Management System. Students can easily interact with tutors through the SBTL Support Desk Portal System for course material discussions, guidance, assistance, and assessment feedback on assignments. School of Business and Technology London provides exceptional support and infrastructure for online and blended learning. Students benefit from dedicated tutors who guide and support them throughout their learning journey, ensuring a high level of assistance. The second phase is the MSc in Project Management (Advanced Entry), delivered by the London Graduate School and awarded by the University of Buckingham through distance learning. You will receive excellent support from academic team of London Graduate School, including your programme manager and your supervisor who will be with you every step of the way. Resources and Support School of Business & Technology London is dedicated to offering excellent support on every step of your learning journey. School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal. Our support team liaises with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receives a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and streamline all the support processes efficiently. Quality learning materials made by industry experts is a significant competitive edge of the School of Business & Technology London. Quality learning materials comprised of structured lecture notes, study guides, practical applications which includes real-world examples, and case studies that will enable you to apply your knowledge. Learning materials are provided in one of the three formats, such as PDF, PowerPoint, or Interactive Text Content on the learning portal. How does the Online Learning work at SBTL? We at SBTL follow a unique approach which differentiates us from other institutions. Indeed, we have taken distance education to a new phase where the support level is incredibly high.Now a days, convenience, flexibility and user-friendliness outweigh demands. Today, the transition from traditional classroom-based learning to online platforms is a significant result of these specifications. In this context, a crucial role played by online learning by leveraging the opportunities for convenience and easier access. It benefits the people who want to enhance their career, life and education in parallel streams. SBTL's simplified online learning facilitates an individual to progress towards the accomplishment of higher career growth without stress and dilemmas. How will you study online? With the School of Business & Technology London, you can study wherever you are. You finish your program with the utmost flexibility. You will be provided with comprehensive tutor support online through SBTL Support Desk portal. How will I get tutor support online? School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal, through which our support team liaise with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receive a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and to streamline all the support process efficiently. Learners should expect to receive a response on queries like guidance and assistance within 1 - 2 working days. However, if the support request is for assessment feedback, learners will receive the reply with feedback as per the time frame outlined in the Assessment Feedback Policy.

These events are designed to introduce the BOOK & basic ideas behind Understanding & Dealing with Everyday Racism The Six Stages Framework

These events are designed to work on the ideas introduced in Level 1: Understanding & Dealing with Everyday Racism The Six Stages Framework

Designed for professional B2B salespeople to develop a modern approach to winning business

These events are designed to introduce the BOOK & basic ideas behind Understanding & Dealing with Everyday Racism The Six Stages Framework

This seminar supports you to implement ideas from the Six Stages Framework. It is designed for those who are reading or have read my book Understanding and Dealing with Everyday Racism- The Six Stages Framework

PfMP® Exam Prep: Virtual In-House Training This is an intensive PfMP® Exam preparation course. This learning experience guides you through the multi-faceted discipline of portfolio management by focusing on the related technical, leadership, and business skills required to navigate it in the real world. First and foremost, this is an intensive PfMP® exam preparation course. Over the course, we go beyond exam prep to provide selected practice in applying key portfolio management skills, tools, and techniques. This learning experience guides you through the multi-faceted discipline of portfolio management by focusing on the related technical, leadership, and business skills required to navigate it in the real world. The journey zooms in and out between governance context and specific operational activities. The ultimate goal is practical application, with the bonus of certification along the way. What You Will Learn By the end of this program, you will be able to: Align and manage the portfolio, strategically, to satisfy organizational objectives and priorities, through benefit realization Articulate and emulate the role of a portfolio manager Apply the principles and skills of a portfolio manager to your real-world environment Study and prepare for the PfMP® Examination Apply for the certification, per the PMI PfMP Handbook and pass the initial panel review on your application Getting Started Course Overview Details of the PfMP® Certification process Foundation Concepts Projects, program, and portfolios A portfolio management process Strategy and value The role of the portfolio manager The role of key stakeholders Life cycle management The Portfolio Life Cycle Overview of Life Cycle Portfolio Management Information System (PMIS) Governance within the Portfolio Life Cycle Strategic Management Strategy concepts Supporting documentation and the strategic plan Planning and optimization Organizational risk appetite Managing strategic change Governance Management Overview and Guiding Principles The Concept of Governance Effective Design Factors Governance Roles Capacity and Capability Management Overview and Guiding Principles Capacity Management and Planning Supply and Demand (Management and Optimization) Organization Capabilities (Assessment and Development) Performance Management (Reporting, Analytics, and Balance) Stakeholder Engagement The Importance of Stakeholders Overview and Guiding Principles Definition and Identification Analysis and Planning Communications Approaches and Management Value Management Overview (Guiding Principles, Definition, and Components) Negotiating Expected Value Maximizing Value Assuring Value Realizing Value Measuring and Reporting Value A Look at Tools Risk Management Overview and Guiding Principles Portfolio Risk Planning Portfolio Risk Identification Portfolio Risk Assessment Portfolio Risk Response Examination Content Outline (ECO) Overview Structure Strategic Tasks Mapping Governance Tasks Mapping Performance Tasks Mapping Risk Tasks Mapping Communication Tasks Mapping List of Knowledge and Skills Exam Prep and Practice Overview Documenting experience Submitting the application Preparing to sit for the exam

Supporting Women in Leadership Throughout The UK Our women in leadership course is specifically designed to target challenges and support women in developing their leadership and management careers. AWARD WINNING LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Discover Our Women in Construction Management Course The Power Within is dedicated to helping women in construction across England and Scotland achieve business success through our Motivational Intelligence framework. Motivational Intelligence is the third level of intelligence, and the science behind it has won a Nobel Prize. Our women leadership in construction course supports women by improving their motivation, self-belief, decision-making, and leadership skills. This programme is designed to help female business leaders adapt more quickly to their environment, handle adversity more effectively, take productive action, and thrive during times of change. Each is a vital skill needed in today’s ever-changing business environment. When completed, you’ll have the skills needed to make decisions more effectively that help your business grow, become more resilient, and take opportunities when others are stuck. "This course has completely changed my outlook on my responsibilities as a manager/leader. In 26 years with Pfizer, I have never participated in a programme that has as profoundly changed my perspective on my role, my responsibilities and my ability to positively impact my team." FEMALE DIRECTOR OF BUSINESS SERVICES, PFIZER LEADING WITH MOTIVATIONAL INTELLIGENCE What is our Women in Construction Course? In the past five years, we’ve supported thousands of business leaders and managers in nurturing the skills and mindset needed to achieve and exceed their business goals. The Power Within knows women are incredibly effective and consistent at applying our Motivational Intelligence techniques to their lives and business. Our women in construction management course is designed to give you the skills you need to take charge of your business and ensure constant growth while future-proofing your business. The training is perfect for women in construction who are managers or leaders looking to: Quickly Adapt Their Team to Change Effectively Mentor Every Team Member Improve Communication and Collaboration Gain More Buy-In to New Goals or Strategies Transform Their Team Culture Increase Initiative and Self-Motivation Across Their Team How We Help Women in the Construction Industry Our course focuses on imparting fundamental skills, tactical best practices, and powerful insights into the human side of the business. You’ll be provided with valuable knowledge needed to be successful leaders and managers of all levels. We’ll focus on addressing the challenges new businesses around the world face, like leading teams and developing businesses in turbulent and transitional times as well as overcoming the challenges of being women in the construction industry. Throughout the course, particular emphasis is given to helping leaders raise motivational intelligence and foster a growth mindset within their team. LEADING WITH MOTIVATIONAL INTELLIGENCE Our Leading with Motivational Intelligence (MQ) Executive Diploma Programme is specifically designed to help participants create the “complete game” of leadership and management. Leveraged by more than 40% of the largest Fortune 500 companies and implemented around the world, the Leading with Motivational Intelligence (MQ) consistently receives a participant buy-in rate in excess of 97%. However, the most important statistic is: 12 months after completing the course more than 93% of participants continue to use the skills and techniques taught on a daily basis. SQA APPROVED EXECUTIVE DIPLOMA What Skills Do We Help Women in Construction Develop? The skills we teach through our women in construction management courses are delivered through seven modularised sessions, each between three and three-and-a-half hours per session, with all sessions starting at 9:30 am via Zoom. An additional two hours per week is spent working on the online training assignments and leadership development plan. Each session will provide the education and information needed to establish yourself in your business. Here is more information regarding each session and the skills taught: SESSION 1: SELF-LEADERSHIP & THE SECRET TO PERSONAL SUCCESS Our first module is focused on setting course expectations and creating the right environment for learning. We’ll introduce the format and logistics, then discuss leading through turbulent times and how we can take control of ourselves, our thoughts, and our actions to lead growth. There is also a discussion on adult learning techniques and how leaders can leverage them to improve the effectiveness of their teams. We’ll also explore how turbulence and transition have changed how we manage and lead our teams. SESSION 2: THE ROLE OF INTELLIGENCE WHEN LEADING In this session, we’ll discuss the three levels of human intelligence and show how they each play in an individual’s performance and behaviors. Through two distinct mindsets, you’ll be shown how an individual’s motivational intelligence ultimately influences their emotional intelligence and intelligence quotient (IQ). Depending on which mindset a person operates under ultimately dictates their view of themselves, opportunities, and the work at which they will allow themselves to succeed. Finally, we’ll discuss switching your team to a growth mindset. SESSION 3: THE PILLARS OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE Completing this session will allow you to deconstruct the components that create a motivational intelligence growth mindset. Through discussion, you’ll see how most organizational challenges can be directly tied back to lapses in these components. We’ll review the leaders who’ve had the most significant influence on the meeting participants and shows the commonalities that make these leaders stand out. Lastly, we’ll introduce terminology, tools, and techniques that leaders can leverage to better coach and mentor their team. SESSION 4: MANAGEMENT VERSUS LEADERSHIP: THE TWO CRITICAL AND CO-DEPENDENT SKILLSETS FOR CREATING TEAM SUCCESS We’ll discuss the difference between a manager’s and a leader’s focus. The discussion focuses on the two most common management mistakes and how they undermine team culture and individual performance. The final debate focuses on the five critical best practices of excellent management, including clearly defining and communicating goals, creating alignment and buy-in, setting proper expectations, monitoring performance, and recognizing and rewarding performance. Our final portion will work to define what management is. Session 5: Exploring and Defining Leadership: Dispelling the Myths that Surround It Session 5 strives to define leadership. Building on this definition is a follow-up discussion regarding how people develop their leadership abilities. We’ll explore the underpinnings of what creates a successful leader. It also includes the importance of asking questions and active listening. We’ll review the five behavioral characteristics associated with motivational intelligence and how leaders can assess the relative strengths or weaknesses of the characteristics within their team. Lastly, we’ll explore great leaders’ five critical best practices, including communicating a compelling vision, modeling the correct behaviors, establishing a team culture anchored in responsibility, consistently building team confidence and self-esteem, and proactively coaching and mentoring. SESSION 6: BUILDING A LEADERSHIP TOOLBOX FOSTERING ADAPTABILITY, RESILIENCE, AND COURAGE We’ll provide information regarding tools and techniques that leaders can utilize to foster greater accountability and ownership win their teams. The Power Within will explore self-esteem’s critical role in the relative strength or weakness of a person’s motivational intelligence and adaptability in life. We’ll discuss how self-esteem has formed and how it will influence how a person interprets feedback in life. Lastly, we’ll explore levels of self-esteem and the associated behaviors of each. SESSION 7: HELPING EMPLOYEES DEVELOP A HEALTHY PERSPECTIVE AND RESILIENT ATTITUDE During the final session, we’ll explore self-esteem’s critical role in the relative strength or weakness of a person’s motivational intelligence and adaptability in life. We’ll talk about how self-esteem is formed and how it influences how a person interprets feedback. Finally, we’ll explore levels of self-esteem and the behaviors of each and the influence of comfort zones, and the tools that leaders can use to help people escape the fear of change. Our Course Leaders The Power Within was founded by husband and wife team James and Enas Fleming, to inspire people worldwide to think bigger, be better, and achieve more. They both work on a personal level with individuals, businesses, and organisations to help them create leaders and build environments where they can thrive. James and Enas challenge the limits with the Motivational Intelligence formula to help you broaden your perspective and create a future on your terms. Here is more about your course instructors: James Fleming James Fleming – James Fleming, the co-creator of The Power Within. He wanted to inspire people around the world to think better, be better, and achieve more. James believes everyone can do whatever they set their minds to. Founding The Power Within allowed James to turn that deep knowledge into a business that helps others think bigger, better, and achieve more daily. He strives to give leaders the tools and knowledge to achieve their full potential while increasing their self-confidence and self-belief through the Motivational Intelligence Revolution. James wants to support today’s businesses to become tomorrow’s leaders. Mari Steyn Mari is the go-to person for building self-esteem, offering new perspectives and stepping up in Life. With an endless abundance of excitement and love for all people, combined with degrees in Psychology, Knowledge and Information Management and is a Master NLP and Transformation Coach and International NLP and Coaching Trainer and Executive Coach, Mari offers an attractive, fresh, expert approach to Emotional Freedom, Motivational Intelligence, Leadership Development and ReWriting your Story. We undoubtedly have the power within to alchemize ourselves and any situation! Seeing the light go on in someone’s eyes is my ultimate joy. Take Charge with Our Women in Construction Course The Power Within is a Motivational Intelligence company dedicated to helping businesses and leaders become more accountable, resilient, adaptable, and capable of handling all challenges, regardless of the complexity. Our women in construction management course build upon best practices, strategic insights, and lessons learned over three decades of building leadership universities for Fortune 500 companies. Throughout the course, emphasis is given to helping leaders raise their motivational intelligence and foster a growth mindset within their team. You’ll gain the skills you need to successfully lead your team and overcome adversity while ensuring your company is profitable. To learn more about our course or to register, reach out today.

ITIL® 4 Foundation: Virtual In-House Training ITIL® 4 is built on the established core of best practice in the ITIL® guidance. ITIL® 4 provides a practical and flexible approach to move to the new world of digital transformation and embrace an end-to-end operating model for the delivery and operation of products and services. ITIL® 4 also provides a holistic end-to-end picture that integrates frameworks such as Lean IT, Agile, and DevOps. The ITIL® 4 Foundation is based on the exam specifications specified by AXELOS for the ITIL® 4 Foundation certification. The fundamental objective of this course is to help the participants understand the key concepts of service management and the ITIL® 4 service management framework and prepare for the ITIL® 4 Foundation exam. In addition, this course offers a rich learning experience that helps the participants relate ITIL® to their own work environment. The course includes a case study (based on a fictitious organization, 'Axle Car Hire') that will help the participants understand and experience the ITIL® guiding principles, service value, practices through real-world challenges and opportunities. The rich learning experience is supported by additional learning tools such as pre-course reading materials, post-course reading material, and a set of quick reference cards. What You Will Learn At the end of this program, you will be able to: Understand the key concepts of ITIL® service management Understand how ITIL® guiding principles can help an organization to adopt and adapt ITIL® service management Understand the four dimensions of ITIL® service management Understand the purpose and components of the ITIL® service value system, and activities of the service value chain, and how they interconnect Understand the key concepts of continual improvement Learn the various ITIL® practices and how they contribute to value chain activities Course Introduction Let's Get to Know Each Other Course Overview Course Learning Objectives Course Structure Course Agenda Introduction to IT Service Management in the Modern World Introduction to ITIL® 4 Structure and Benefits of ITIL® 4 Case Study: Axle Car Hire Case Study: Meet the Key People at Axle Case Study: The CIOs Vision for Axle Exam Details ITIL® 4 Certification Scheme Service Management - Key Concepts Intent and Context Key Terms Covered in the Module Module Learning Objectives Value and Value Co-Creation Value: Service, Products, and Resources Service Relationships Value: Outcomes, Costs, and Risks Exercise: Multiple-Choice Questions The Guiding Principles Intent and Context Identifying Guiding Principles Key Terms Covered in the Module Module Learning Objectives The Seven Guiding Principles Applying the Guiding Principles Exercise: Multiple-Choice Questions The Four Dimensions of Service Management Intent and Context The Four Dimensions Key Terms Covered in the Module The Four Dimensions and Service Value System Module Learning Objectives Organizations and People Information and Technology Partners and Suppliers Value Streams and Processes External Factors and Pestle Model Exercise: Multiple-Choice Questions Service Value System Intent and Context Service Value System and Service Value Chain Module Learning Objectives Overview of Service Value System Overview of the Service Value Chain Exercise: Multiple-Choice Questions Continual Improvement Intent and Context Key Terms Covered in the Module Introduction to Continual Improvement Module Learning Objectives The Continual Improvement Model Relationship between Continual Improvement and Guiding Principles Exercise: Multiple-Choice Questions The ITIL® Practices Intent and Context ITIL® Management Practices Key Terms Covered in the Module Module Learning Objectives The Continual Improvement Practice The Change Control Practice The Incident Management Practice The Problem Management Practice The Service Request Management Practice The Service Desk Practice The Service Level Management Practice Purpose of ITIL® Practices Exercise: Crossword Puzzle

Managing for Growth is designed for anyone who has management and leadership responsibilities within an organisation. Suitable for newly promoted managers, team leaders and supervisors through to senior managers; the objective of the programme is to develop a culture that will translate strategy into measurable outcomes by engaging these leaders to facilitate change and innovation. The programme is extremely effective at giving managers the tools and skills to deliver sustainable change and business growth. It's also been proven to reduce costs and increase profit – even before the programme has ended.   Managing for Growth is built upon three aspects common to every job:   Managing Resources. Ensuring that the resources available are appropriate for the tasks for which they are required and are being used effectively. Learning how to control and coordinate a mix of available resources for maximum efficiency. Managing Relationships. Positively influencing people’s behaviour in order to motivate them and promote effective working. Focusing on listening skills, we share ways to improve communication and teamwork to get the best from both internal and external relationships. Controlling Routines. Investigating the processes/systems/routines/series of actions that are linked together to achieve a desired outcome. Recognising the importance of controlling, developing, simplifying and following routines.   Managing for Growth shows your team leaders, supervisors and managers how to cultivate a culture of teamwork and continuous improvement within your organisation.   Focus for Action Throughout the programme the participants take part in work-based activities that will cause them to evaluate every aspect of their job and identify areas for improvement. By the end of the programme, the participants act on these action lists and implement improvement projects that will deliver measurable results.   Continuous Improvement Managing for Growth sets the framework for continuous improvement by transferring skills and knowledge enabling your team leaders to translate organisational strategies into real, measurable outcomes.   Format Designed for groups of up to 6 people, the programme is spread over 4 months with the first 7 sessions being held every 2 weeks and the final session a month later. Each session lasts approximately 2 hours.