343 Law courses in Leatherhead delivered Live Online

GDPR Practitioner

Getting Started The programme's primary objective is to deliver practical and realistic solutions to business-related strategic challenges backed by appropriate references to theoretical and conceptual analysis. Globalisation means that effective and fair management of people is more vital than ever. In a turbulent, rapidly changing business environment, the demand for HR professionals who can strategically manage and develop staff potential - whilst overcoming issues such as redundancy, flexible working and the recent challenges of furloughed staff and social distancing - has never been more fundamental to business success. The programme meets the career enhancement needs of human resource (HR) managers, advisers, and administrators. The programme comprises two phases; the first is the Level 7 Diploma in Human Resource Management, awarded by OTHM and delivered by the School of Business and Technology London. The second phase is the MA in Human Resource Management (Advanced Entry), delivered by the London Graduate School and awarded by the University of Buckingham. School of Business and Technology London partners with LGS to promote this programme. Upon completing the programme, students are awarded an MA in Human Resource Management from the University of Buckingham. Additionally, students can attend the graduation ceremony held in the UK, celebrating their achievements. About Awarding Body Buckingham is unique. It is the only independent University in the UK with a Royal Charter and probably the smallest, with around 2,700 students (approx 1,600 on campus). The University campus is well known for being one of the most attractive locations in the region. The Great Ouse River, home to much wildlife, winds through the heart of campus. Each student mixes with over 100 other different nationalities, so being at Buckingham is just like being in a mini global village. These contacts, acquaintances and friendships carry on long after life at Buckingham is over. Ranked Top 10 for Student Satisfaction Ranked Top 10 for Graduate Prospect Recognised by World Education Services (WES) OTHM Qualifications are approved and regulated by Ofqual (Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation) and recognised by Qualifications Wales. OTHM qualifications have achieved a reputation for maintaining significant skills in various job roles and industries like Business Studies, Leadership, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Health and Social Care, Information Technology, Accounting and Finance, Logistics and Supply Chain Management. OTHM serves the progression option with several UK universities that acknowledges the ability of learners after studying Level 3-7 qualifications to be considered for advanced entry into corresponding degree year/top-up and Master's/top-up programmes. Regulated by ofqual.gov.uk Recognised by World Education Services (WES) Assessment Assignments and Project No Examinations Entry Requirements A Bachelor's degree or an equivalent higher qualification. A copy of a valid photo ID for identification purposes. A well-written Statement of Purpose should outline the student's motivations, career goals, and reasons for pursuing the MA in Human Resource Management. An updated Curriculum Vitae (CV) that highlights at least two years of work experience at the graduate level in either a managerial or professional capacity. By submitting these necessary documents, applicants can take the initial step towards joining the MA in Human Resource Management programme and furthering their expertise in the field of HR. English Requirements A pass in English at the A level. Completion of a Bachelor's degree programme taught and assessed in English. An overall score of 6.5 or higher in the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), with a minimum score of 6.0 in each component. A Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score of 72 or higher, with a minimum of 18 in reading, 17 in listening, 20 in speaking, and 17 in writing. In addition to the above requirements, all applicants will be required to participate in a live virtual interview with a staff member from the London Graduate School. Learners must request before enrolment to interchange unit(s) other than the preselected units shown in the SBTL website because we need to make sure the availability of learning materials for the requested unit(s). SBTL will reject an application if the learning materials for the requested interchange unit(s) are unavailable. Learners are not allowed to make any request to interchange unit(s) once enrolment is complete. Structure Phase 1 : OTHM Level 7 Diploma in Human Resource Management Programme structure Strategic Human Resource Management Unit Reference No : J/618/1339 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit aims to enhance learners' comprehension of how proficient strategic management of human resources contributes to attaining organizational goals across diverse environments. Learners will grasp the process of evaluating both external and internal factors impacting an organization and how these contextual elements inform the development of an effective HR strategy. The unit also delves into how strategic human resource management contributes to gaining competitive advantage and fostering organizational expansion. Engagement of Employees and Organisational Learning Unit Reference No : A/618/1340 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit seeks to cultivate learners' comprehension of current issues in employee engagement, organizational learning, and people management and development. Learners will scrutinize and assess the aims and goals of human resource management. They will engage in the design and execution of HR action plans aimed at enhancing employee engagement and organizational performance. Leadership Development and Performance Management Unit Reference No : F/618/1341 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit endeavours to foster strategic leadership and management competencies in learners. It encompasses understanding the pivotal role of leadership and management in augmenting teamwork, proficient communication, and organizational performance. The content aligns with the requisites of roles and competencies pertinent to a strategic level. Global Resourcing, Talent and Reward Management Unit Reference No : F/618/1341 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit seeks to cultivate learners' comprehension of the principles and applications of resourcing, global talent management, and performance and reward management within corporate settings. It entails theoretical and practical insights into recruitment, selection, employee retention, dismissal, and other facets of global talent management. Additionally, learners will explore various strategies for effective reward and performance management within a global context. Managing Employment Relations and Employment Law Unit Reference No : F/618/1341 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit aims to foster a solid understanding of the fundamental principles that govern the management of employment relations. Learners will delve into the realms of employee relations and employment law, with a special emphasis on legislation surrounding recruitment and selection, as well as the protective measures afforded to various types of organizations. Business Research Methods Unit Reference No : T/508/0626 TQT : 200 Credit : 20 This unit seeks to cultivate learners' comprehension of research principles, encompassing the crafting of research proposals, conducting literature reviews, proper referencing, employing data collection techniques like interviews and surveys, designing effective questionnaires, utilizing statistical analysis tools like SPSS, handling qualitative data, and using methodologies for drawing well-founded conclusions from the analyzed data.   Phase 2 - MA in Human Resource Management (Advanced Entry) Programme structure Research Methods Consultancy Project Report Delivery Methods The programme comprises two phases; the first is the Level 7 Diploma in Human Resource Management, awarded by OTHM and delivered by the School of Business and Technology London. The School of Business and Technology London offers flexible learning methods, including online and blended learning, allowing students to choose the mode of study that suits their preferences and schedules. The programme is self-paced and facilitated through an advanced Learning Management System. Students can easily interact with tutors through the SBTL Support Desk Portal System for course material discussions, guidance, assistance, and assessment feedback on assignments. School of Business and Technology London provides exceptional support and infrastructure for online and blended learning. Students benefit from dedicated tutors who guide and support them throughout their learning journey, ensuring a high level of assistance. The second phase is the MA in Human Resource Management (Advanced Entry), delivered by the London Graduate School and awarded by the University of Buckingham through distance learning. You will receive excellent support from academic team of London Graduate School, including your programme manager and your supervisor who will be with you every step of the way. Resources and Support School of Business & Technology London is dedicated to offering excellent support on every step of your learning journey. School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal. Our support team liaises with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receives a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and streamline all the support processes efficiently. Quality learning materials made by industry experts is a significant competitive edge of the School of Business & Technology London. Quality learning materials comprised of structured lecture notes, study guides, practical applications which includes real-world examples, and case studies that will enable you to apply your knowledge. Learning materials are provided in one of the three formats, such as PDF, PowerPoint, or Interactive Text Content on the learning portal. How does the Online Learning work at SBTL? We at SBTL follow a unique approach which differentiates us from other institutions. Indeed, we have taken distance education to a new phase where the support level is incredibly high.Now a days, convenience, flexibility and user-friendliness outweigh demands. Today, the transition from traditional classroom-based learning to online platforms is a significant result of these specifications. In this context, a crucial role played by online learning by leveraging the opportunities for convenience and easier access. It benefits the people who want to enhance their career, life and education in parallel streams. SBTL's simplified online learning facilitates an individual to progress towards the accomplishment of higher career growth without stress and dilemmas. How will you study online? With the School of Business & Technology London, you can study wherever you are. You finish your program with the utmost flexibility. You will be provided with comprehensive tutor support online through SBTL Support Desk portal. How will I get tutor support online? School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal, through which our support team liaise with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receive a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and to streamline all the support process efficiently. Learners should expect to receive a response on queries like guidance and assistance within 1 - 2 working days. However, if the support request is for assessment feedback, learners will receive the reply with feedback as per the time frame outlined in the Assessment Feedback Policy.

  The GDPR came into effect in May 2018. This legislation is designed to guide organisations in their obligations relative to the processing of personal and sensitive data. About This Course   Organisations are required to comply with the GDPR regardless of their size of business. If you process 'personal data', there is a potential need to be compliant with the legislation. The scope of the GDPR considers how this information is collected, stored, used, transported, shared and disposed of. To ensure organisations' understand this obligation, this interactive one-day course considers both scoping and auditing of an organisations processing activities, as well as an understanding of compliance with GDPR.  Learning Outcomes; GDPR - what is it and how does it apply to us? Personal and sensitive data Lawful basis for processing Consent and the GDPR The Data Protection Act 2018 Data Subject rights The role of the ICO Data breach or Incident? Privacy by Design and by default GDPR Audit checklist Prerequisites   There are no prerequisites to attend this course, however all attendees are expected to have a basic understanding of the Data Protection principles. What's Included?   Refreshments & Lunch (Classroom courses only) Course Slide Deck Quizzes Who Should Attend?   The course is designed for any member of the organisation whose role includes processing personal data. Data Protection Officers, Information Security team members or Information Governance Leads who may also see benefit in attending. Accreditation Assessment    There is no exam with this course but delegates do receive a Course Attendance Certificate and an 8 hour CPD Certificate. Provided by   This course is Accredited by NACS and administered by the IECB

Getting Started MSc Finance and Management is a globally recognised finance qualification suitable for experienced finance professionals who like to kick start their career in finance. The programme is designed to provide students with advanced knowledge and skills in financial management, enhancing their career prospects in the finance industry. UCLAN awards the degree and is suitable for those who have completed a relevant postgraduate diploma. The Master's in Finance and Management is a 9-month Top-Up programme focused solely on the dissertation module. Students must undertake independent research, demonstrating their ability to apply advanced research techniques to a finance-related topic. This module carries 60 credits and enables students to showcase their knowledge, understanding, and research skills in financial management. Throughout the programme, students receive support from experienced academics and industry professionals who provide guidance and feedback on their research projects. The programme is delivered through online webinars and independent study, allowing students to balance their studies with work and personal commitments. The MSc Finance and Management Top Up is awarded and delivered by the University of Central Lancashire through distance learning. School of Business and Technology London partners with Chestnut Education Group to promote this programme. About Awarding Body Founded in 1828, the University of Central Lancashire is a public university based in Preston, Lancashire, England. Today, UCLAN is one of the largest in the United Kingdom, with a student and staff community of nearly 38,000. At present, the University has academic partners in all regions of the globe, and it is on a world stage that the first-class quality of its education was first recognised. In 2010, UCLAN became the first UK modern Higher Education institution to appear in the QS World University Rankings. In 2018, the Centre for World University Rankings estimated Central Lancashire to be in the top 3.7 per cent of all global universities, highlighting the growth the University has made in offering students real-world learning experiences and reflecting the University's extensive pool of academic talent. Ranked in the top 7% of universities worldwide. Student Communities from more than 100 countries WES Recognised Qualifi is a UK Government (Ofqual.gov.uk) regulated awarding organisation and has developed a reputation for supporting relevant skills in a range of job roles and industries, including Leadership, Enterprise and Management, Hospitality and catering, Health and Social Care, Business Process Outsourcing and Public Services. Qualifi is also a signatory to BIS international commitments of quality. The following are the key facts about Qualifi. Regulated by Ofqual.gov.uk World Education Services (WES) Recognised Assessment Major Project No examinations Entry Requirements Qualifi Level 7 Diploma in Accounting and Finance Applicants should normally have a good first degree or equivalent and be working in or have recently worked within the accounting and finance arena. If English is not your first language, you will be expected to demonstrate a certificated level of proficiency of at least IELTS 6.5 (Academic level) or equivalent English Language qualification. Progression Upon completion of the degree, graduates will possess the necessary skills and knowledge to pursue various career opportunities in finance, including roles in financial analysis, investment banking, risk management, corporate finance and financial planning. Additionally, the programme serves as a solid foundation for further study or research in finance. Upon completion, students will have produced an original research piece demonstrating expertise in financial investigation. This provides a significant advantage in the job market, particularly for roles requiring advanced research skills or knowledge of financial investigation techniques. Graduates of the MSc Finance and Management programme are well-prepared to pursue careers in law enforcement, regulatory agencies, financial services, and consulting. Learners must request before enrolment to interchange unit(s) other than the preselected units shown in the SBTL website because we need to make sure the availability of learning materials for the requested unit(s). SBTL will reject an application if the learning materials for the requested interchange unit(s) are unavailable. Learners are not allowed to make any request to interchange unit(s) once enrolment is complete. Structure MSc Finance and Management Top Up Programme Structure Dissertation Module Delivery Methods The MSc Finance and Management Top Up is awarded and delivered by the University of Central Lancashire through distance learning. The University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) offers a range of distance learning options for students who require the flexibility to study remotely. These options include online courses, blended learning, and supported distance learning. UCLan's distance learning courses are designed to provide students with the same high-quality education as on-campus courses, with access to resources such as video lectures, online discussion forums, and interactive assessments. The University also provides a range of support services for distance learning students, including academic support, technical support, and access to the University's library and online resources. Resources and Support School of Business & Technology London is dedicated to offering excellent support on every step of your learning journey. School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal. Our support team liaises with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receives a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and streamline all the support processes efficiently. Quality learning materials made by industry experts is a significant competitive edge of the School of Business & Technology London. Quality learning materials comprised of structured lecture notes, study guides, practical applications which includes real-world examples, and case studies that will enable you to apply your knowledge. Learning materials are provided in one of the three formats, such as PDF, PowerPoint, or Interactive Text Content on the learning portal. How does the Online Learning work at SBTL? We at SBTL follow a unique approach which differentiates us from other institutions. Indeed, we have taken distance education to a new phase where the support level is incredibly high.Now a days, convenience, flexibility and user-friendliness outweigh demands. Today, the transition from traditional classroom-based learning to online platforms is a significant result of these specifications. In this context, a crucial role played by online learning by leveraging the opportunities for convenience and easier access. It benefits the people who want to enhance their career, life and education in parallel streams. SBTL's simplified online learning facilitates an individual to progress towards the accomplishment of higher career growth without stress and dilemmas. How will you study online? With the School of Business & Technology London, you can study wherever you are. You finish your program with the utmost flexibility. You will be provided with comprehensive tutor support online through SBTL Support Desk portal. How will I get tutor support online? School of Business & Technology London occupies a centralised tutor support desk portal, through which our support team liaise with both tutors and learners to provide guidance, assessment feedback, and any other study support adequately and promptly. Once a learner raises a support request through the support desk portal (Be it for guidance, assessment feedback or any additional assistance), one of the support team members assign the relevant to request to an allocated tutor. As soon as the support receive a response from the allocated tutor, it will be made available to the learner in the portal. The support desk system is in place to assist the learners adequately and to streamline all the support process efficiently. Learners should expect to receive a response on queries like guidance and assistance within 1 - 2 working days. However, if the support request is for assessment feedback, learners will receive the reply with feedback as per the time frame outlined in the Assessment Feedback Policy.

Duration 2 Days 12 CPD hours This course is intended for Data Protection OfficersData Protection ManagersAuditorsLegal Compliance OfficersSecurity ManagerInformation ManagersAnyone involved with data protection processes and programs Overview It will show the world that students know privacy laws and regulations and how to apply them, and that students know how to secure your place in the information economy. When students earn a CIPP credential, it means they?ve gained a foundational understanding of broad global concepts of privacy and data protection law and practice, including: jurisdictional laws, regulations and enforcement models; essential privacy concepts and principals; legal requirements for handling and transferring data and more. It will show the world that students know privacy laws and regulations and how to apply them, and that students know how to secure their place in the information economy. When students earn a CIPP credential, it means they've gained a foundational understanding of broad global concepts of privacy and data protection law and practice, including: jurisdictional laws, regulations and enforcement models; essential privacy concepts and principals; legal requirements for handling and transferring data and more. Common Principles and Approaches to Privacy This unit includes a brief discussion about the modern history of privacy, an introduction to types of information, an overview of information risk management and a summary of modern privacy principles. Jurisdiction and Industries This unit introduces the major privacy models employed around the globe and provides an overview of privacy and data protection regulation by jurisdictions and industry sectors. Information Security: Safeguarding Personal Information This unit presents introductions to information security, including definitions, elements, standards, and threats/ vulnerabilities, as well as introductions to information security management and governance, including frameworks, controls, cryptography and identity and access management (IAM). Online Privacy: Using Personal Information on Websites and with Other Internet-related Technologies This unit focuses on the web as a platform, as well as privacy considerations for sensitive online information, including policies and notices, access, security, authentication and data collection. Additional topics include children?s online privacy, email, searches, online marketing and advertising, social media, online assurance, cloud computing and mobile devices. Canadian Legal Framework This unit provides an introduction to the Canadian legal system. It includes enforcement agencies and their powers, privacy basics from a Canadian perspective and the underlying framework for Canadian privacy law and practice. Canadian Private-sector Privacy Laws This unit focuses on the Canadian legal system. It includes enforcement agencies and their powers, privacy basics from a Canadian perspective and the underlying framework for Canadian privacy law and practice. Canadian Public-sector Privacy Laws This unit highlights key concepts and practices related to the collection, retention, use, disclosure and disposal of personal information by federal, provincial and territorial governments. Health Information Privacy Laws This unit touches on the applicability and purpose of health information privacy laws. Private-sector Compliance Practices This unit delves into the components that make up compliance regulations, including Generally Accepted Privacy Principals and security breach notification, and also examines compliance track records and Federal Commissioner Findings. Public-sector Compliance Practices This unit presents the various methods that can be implemented for compliance in the public sector, such as privacy impact assessments and data sharing agreements. In addition, it discusses the challenges presented by digital information exchanges, as well as non-legislative considerations. Health-sector Compliance Practices This unit covers the issues presented with digital compliance in the health sector. Additional course details: Nexus Humans Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/CAN) training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/CAN) course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.

5-day intensive data protection course, delivered by a specialist.

ONLINE CLASS: FOCUSES ON HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE AND HOW TO ADDRESS THE PROBLEM. Harassment doesn’t have to be of a sexual nature – it can include offensive remarks about a person’s gender. For example, anyone could be guilty of harassing another if offensive comments are made about certain group in general. Simple teasing or offhand comments might not be illegal, but harassment is illegal when it creates a hostile or offensive work environment. This workshop teaches how to recognize, understand, and respond to harassment so that you can help to maintain a happy work environment, free from hostility and discomfort. Topics: Harassment Laws: The definition of sexual harassment and quid pro quo. Types of Harassment: Verbal, Non-Verbal, Physical, Psychological (teasing and offhand comments). Creating a happy work environment free from hostility and discomfort. Reporting: What to do when employees witness or experience harassment. Responding: How managers can identify and respond to prohibited conduct. Attendees will be able to: Identify the signs of Harassment and take steps to prevent it, Follow a legal and ethical protocol in responding and reporting it when it is perceived to occur, Involve the correct individuals in being made aware of the occurrence, and Respond appropriately to the situation after it occurs. This workshop is offered in two versions – management-only and staff-only.   Online Format—Workplace Professionalism is a 4-hour interactive virtual class. Register for this class and you will be sent ONLINE login instructions prior to the class date. It was an extreme pleasure to have you as part of the Communication Enhancement Training Program. Your presentation was excellent and well received by the staff. Courtney C. Crouch, Jr., PresidentSelected Funeral and Life Insurance Company

Better Business Cases™ Foundation and Practitioner: Virtual In-House Training Using this best-practice approach will allow organizations to reduce unnecessary spending and improve the decision-making process which gives you a greater chance of securing necessary funding and support for initiatives. The goal of the combined foundation and practitioner course is to develop a candidate's ability to deliver a comprehensive business case through encouraging expanded knowledge to guide the practical application of theoretical foundations. Upon the completion of this course, a candidate will be able to start applying the model to a real business case development project. The outline presented in the course overview will be addressed in the first 2 days, with the Foundation exam conducted on the morning of Day 3. Then the topics will be revisited at a deeper level, for 2 more days, with the Practitioner exam conducted on the afternoon of Day 5. What you will Learn At the end of this program, you will be able to: Develop the lifecycle of a business case and establish the relationships between the five cases Apply the steps in the business case development framework, in order to support the production of a business case, using the Five Case Model, for a given scenario. Overview of Better Business Cases Alignment with the strategic planning process Importance of the Business Case using the Five Case Model Overview of the Five Case Model Purpose of the key stages in the development of a spending proposal Purpose of a Business Justification Case Business Case Development Process Purpose of project / programme assurance and assurance reviews Responsibility for producing the Business Case Determining the Strategic Context and Undertaking the Strategic Assessment Scoping the Scheme and Preparing the Strategic Outline Case Planning the Scheme and Preparing the Outline Business Case Procuring the Solution and Preparing the Full Business Case Implementation and monitoring Evaluation and feedback Making the Case for Change Agree on the strategic context Determine spending objectives, existing arrangements, and business needs Determine potential business scope and key service requirements Determine benefits, risks, constraints, and dependencies Exploring the Preferred Way Forward Agree on critical success factors Determine long list options and SWOT analysis Recommend a preferred way forward Determining Potential Value for Money Revisit the short list Prepare the economic appraisal for short-listed options Undertake benefits appraisal Undertake risk appraisal Select preferred option and undertake sensitivity analysis Preparing for the Potential Deal Determine the procurement strategy Determine service streams and required outputs Outline potential risk apportionment Outline potential payment mechanisms Ascertain contractual issues and accountancy treatment Ascertaining Affordability and Funding Requirement Prepare the financial model Prepare the financial appraisals Planning for Successful Delivery Plan programme / project management Plan change and contract management Plan benefits realization Plan risk management Plan programme / project assurance and post-project evaluation Procuring the Value for Money Solution Revisit the case for change Revisit the OBC options Detail procurement process and evaluation of best and final offers (BAFOs) Contracting for the Deal Set out the negotiated deal and contractual arrangements Set out the financial implications of the deal Ensuring Successful Delivery Finalize project management arrangements and plans Finalize change management arrangements and plans Finalize benefits realization arrangements and plans Finalize risk management arrangements and plans Finalize contract management arrangements and plans Finalize post-project evaluation arrangements and plans

Level 4 Endorsed Diploma - International Trade Qualification Complete all 15 modules and 3 assessments, from a choice of 7 to earn a Level 4 Diploma in International Trade.

This short course will aid contracting, procurement and sales professionals in understanding the essential principles of terms and conditions that are the vital components of any contract.