1638 Courses in London

Overview Objective Understanding the Importance of Business Analysis Model Determining various techniques of Process Modelling Understanding the scope of modelling Efficiently mapping the business landscape Analysing the enterprise structure How to avoid project failures. Learning efficient skills of being a successful business analyst. Understand and document various techniques for the organization delivers value. Successful project conversion Building team, changing the organization and overcoming resistance. Creating an effective Business Case.

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT)  This 4 half-day Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) course will address a variety of contract and loan structuring issues associated with geothermal energy projects as well as comparison with solar, wind and battery storage. The course is designed to investigate how various project finance techniques and contract structures can be used to achieve a competitive power prices while maintaining a satisfactory equity return. Distinctive project finance features of power facilities that depend on geothermal, wind, hydro or solar resources will be evaluated with financial models. The course will cover economic analysis of exploration and development of geothermal facilities and how to incorporate probability of failure and success into an IRR framework. Subsequent sessions will address the theory underlying liquidated damages for delay, and performance as well as design of other incentives that is inherent in different contract structures. Nuanced project finance issues associated with structuring debt for renewable projects will be discussed including under what conditions the DSCR drives debt capacity and when the debt to capital ratio is instrumental. The course will be taught with a combination of theoretical discussions, term sheet review and focused financial models. Training Objectives Evaluation of the economic risks that arise from uncertainty associated with drilling exploration wells and development wells for geothermal projects. Analyse the theoretical issues with computing LCOE for geothermal projects compared to other renewable and non-renewable resources and the importance of cost of capital for renewable projects; Understand differences in contract structures for renewable projects and dispatchable projects and how a single price structure can distort incentives for efficient construction and operation; Understand components of financing that influence the bid price required to meet a required rate of return on equity and can result in relatively low prices with reasonable returns. Understand the importance of debt sizing constraints and what strategies are relevant when the debt to capital constraint applies relative to when the debt service coverage ratio drives the debt size; Understand how to compute P50, P90 and P99 for different projects driven by resource risk; Understand the difference between mean reverting resource variation and estimation mistakes that do not correct as the basis for 1-year P90 and 10-year P90. Understand under what conditions debt sculpting can affect returns and how synthetic sculpting can be used to increase returns when the DSCR constraint applies. Understand the theory of credit spreads, variable rate debt and interest rates in different currencies and compute the implied probability of default that in inherent in credit spreads. Understand how to evaluate the costs to equity investors and the benefits to lenders for various credit enhancements including DSRA accounts, cash flow sweeps and covenants. Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods The VILT will be delivered online in 4 sessions comprising 4 hours per day, with 2 breaks of 10 minutes per day, including time for lectures, discussion, quizzes and short classroom exercises. Trainer Your expert course leader provides financial and economic consulting services to a variety of clients, he teaches professional development courses in an assortment of modelling topics (project finance, M&A, and energy). He is passionate about teaching in Africa, South America, Asia and Europe. Many of the unique analytical concepts and modelling techniques he has developed have arisen from discussion with participants in his courses. He has taught customized courses for MIT's Sloan Business School, Bank Paribas, Shell Oil, Society General, General Electric, HSBC, GDF Suez, Citibank, CIMB, Lind Lakers, Saudi Aramco and many other energy and industrial clients. His consulting activities include developing complex project finance, corporate and simulation models, providing expert testimony on financial and economic issues before energy regulatory agencies, and advisory services to support merger and acquisition projects. Our key course expert has written a textbook titled Corporate and Project Finance Modelling, Theory and Practice published by Wiley Finance. The book introduces unique modelling techniques that address many complex issues that are not typically used by even the most experienced financial analysts. For example, it describes how to build user-defined functions to solve circular logic without cumbersome copy and paste macros; how to write function that derives the ratio of EV/EBITDA accounting for asset life, historical growth, taxes, return on investment, and cost of capital; and how to efficiently solve many project finance issues related to debt structuring. He is in the process of writing a second book that describes a series of valuation and analytical mistakes made in finance. This book uses many case studies from Harvard Business School that were thought to represent effective business strategies and later turned into valuation nightmares. Over the course of his career our key course expert has been involved in formulating significant government policy related to electricity deregulation; he has prepared models and analyses for many clients around the world; he has evaluated energy purchasing decisions for many corporations; and, he has provided advice on corporate strategy. His projects include development of a biomass plant, analysis and advisory work for purchase of electricity generation, distribution and transmission assets by the City of Chicago, formulation of rate policy for major metro systems and street lighting networks, advocacy testimony on behalf of low income consumers, risk analysis for toll roads, and evaluation of solar and wind projects. He has constructed many advisory analyses for project finance and merger and acquisition transactions. Lastly, our key course expert was formerly Vice President at the First National Bank of Chicago where he directed analysis of energy loans and also created financial modelling techniques used in advisory projects. He received an MBA specializing in econometrics (with honours) from the University of Chicago and a BSc in Finance from the University of Illinois (with highest university honours). POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

Why Learn Vectorworks Basics to Essentials Training Course? Our Vectorworks training is meticulously crafted to educate and inspire designers of all levels. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced designer, our courses will equip you with new skills, refine your workflows, and teach Plans, sections and elevations. Course Link Duration: 10 hrs. Method: 1-on-1, Personalized attention. Schedule: Tailor your own schedule by pre-booking hours of your choice, available from Mon to Sat between 9 am and 7 pm. Vectorworks Basics to Essentials Training Course Discover and Enhance Your Design Skills Our Vectorworks training is meticulously crafted to educate and inspire designers of all levels. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced designer, our courses will equip you with new skills, refine your workflows, and unlock the full potential of your Vectorworks software. Online Training Options Customized Online Sessions: Tailored training sessions for your specific needs and expertise level. Virtual Classroom: Join interactive virtual classes from the comfort of your office. Getting Started Guides: Comprehensive guides to help you navigate the fundamentals of Vectorworks. In-Person Training Opportunities Customized On-Site Sessions: Hands-on training delivered directly to your office or regional event. One to One: Engage in interactive learning at our training locations. Get Vectorworks https://www.vectorworks.net › downloads › ServicePack Vectorworks, Inc. 2D 3D CAD BIM software for Mac or Windows allows designers to transform the world. Project sharing makes it easy. Download or try today. Module 1: Grasping CAD and Vectorworks Understanding the Role of CAD in Design Getting Acquainted with Vectorworks Software Module 2: Configuring Your Workspace Customizing Your Workspace Essential Options and Preferences Module 3: Mastering Foundational Drawing Skills Techniques for Drawing Object Selection Methods Module 4: Advanced Object Manipulation Merging Shapes Reflecting Objects Rotating Objects Grouping Elements Module 5: Precision Drawing and Scaling Techniques Working with Scale Setting Preferences for Accuracy Creating and Saving Templates Module 6: Achieving Accurate Object Placement Ensuring Drawing Precision Precise Object Movement Module 7: Advanced Editing Methods Utilizing Fillet Tool Applying Offset Function Module 8: Understanding Object Attributes and Groups Basic Attribute Management Editing Object Groups Module 9: Object Duplication Techniques Linear Duplicates Rectangular Duplicates Circular Duplicates Module 10: Crafting Room Plans Designing Walls Incorporating Windows and Doors Module 11: Development of Room Plans Methods for Room Plan Drawing Module 12: Exploring Additional Attributes Hatch Patterns Gradients Image Fills Module 13: Creating Elevation Drawings Elevation Drawing Techniques Effective Approaches Module 14: Importing Images for Graphic Use Graphic Illustration Integrating Images Module 15: Symbols and Resource Handling Symbol Creation Introduction to Resource Browser Module 16: Organizing Drawings Using Design Layers Optimizing Design Layer Utilization Module 17: Labeling Drawings and Title Blocks Drawing Labels Title Block Text Placement Module 18: Plotting and Printing Methods User Interface Navigation and Terminology Printing Approaches Module 19: Generating Drawing Sheets A1, A2, and A3 Sheet Formats Module 20: Utilizing Viewports Effectively Managing Multiple Views Module 21: Professional Model Presentation Techniques Paper Space Presentation Conversion to PDF Formats Module 22: File and Project Management Module 23: Object Display and Terminology Module 24: Objects and Data Management Module 25: Precise Object Placement Object Snapping Quick Selection Module 26: Dividing and Measuring Objects Module 27: Dimensioning and Annotations Module 28: Working with Text Elements Module 29: Customizing Tool Palettes Module 30: Organizing Tool Palettes Module 31: Efficient Tool Palette Usage Module 32: Standard Views and Drawing Techniques Module 33: Drawing Curved Shapes Arcs, Donuts, and Ellipses Drawing Module 34: Real-World Units and Measurements Module 35: Object Manipulation Adjusting Object Angles Module 36: File Handling and Management Saving, Exiting, and Opening Projects Module 37: Creating Mirrored Images Module 38: Introduction to 3D Modeling Creating Extrusions Basic 3D Concepts Understanding For a free 30-day trial of Vectorworks, request an evaluation serial number at the provided link. https://www.vectorworks.net/trial Learning Outcomes of the Vectorworks Basics to Essentials Training Course: Proficiency in Vectorworks software, mastering its basic and essential features. Enhanced design skills and efficient workflows for architectural, landscape, and entertainment projects. Customized training based on individual needs and expertise levels. Flexibility with online and on-site options for convenient learning. Access to Vectorworks University with a wealth of resources for continuous learning. Interactive virtual classrooms and immersive hands-on training for practical experience.

Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Certification Program: In-House Training This course is designed to instill an in-depth understanding of Lean Six Sigma and a clear sense of what is required to define high-impact improvement projects, establish Lean Six Sigma measurements, and complete Lean Six Sigma projects using the systematic and proven Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) methodology. This course is designed to instill an in-depth understanding of Lean Six Sigma and a clear sense of what is required to define high-impact improvement projects, establish Lean Six Sigma measurements, and complete Lean Six Sigma projects using the systematic and proven Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) methodology. Participants will learn basic tools and techniques of Lean Six Sigma and those who pass a thirty-question exam (70% or above) will become a Certified Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt. This course is delivered through four 3-hour online sessions. What you Will Learn You'll learn how to: Establish the structure that supports and sustains Lean Six Sigma Quality Identify and calculate key Lean Six Sigma Measurements (Sigma, DPMO, and Yield) Select successful, high-impact projects that match strategic objectives Document, measure, and improve key processes using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) Methodology Utilize data-based thinking to make key business decisions Introduction to the Fundamentals and Vision of Lean Six Sigma Lean Six Sigma's focus on the customer, on quality, and on results The costs of poor quality Critical factors to consider when deploying Lean Six Sigma Lean Six Sigma as a process improvement methodology Lean Six Sigma metrics Why do it - ROI and payback for Lean Six Sigma Business Process Management Critical Lean Six Sigma roles and responsibilities Main aspects of managing the organizational change Project selection Metrics of Lean Six Sigma and the DMAIC Model How to strategically align business metrics and projects within an organization How to identify and measure quality characteristics which are critical to customers What does the customer (internal or external) really want from our products and services? Establishing appropriate teams and setting those teams up to be successful What defines a good measurement system? How are we doing (learning the secret to measuring the right things, right)? How to improve output measures by understanding and measuring the process Where are there defects (how to properly select and scope high-impact projects)? Where is the process broken (the Lean Six Sigma version of root cause analysis)? How to determine the process efficiency, or value add, of a process The appropriate use of quality tools Understanding the concept of variation and how to reduce knee-jerk reactions How to achieve breakthrough results for any key measure How can we ensure the identified improvements will be sustainable (the basics of process control)?

Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Certification Program This course is designed to instill an in-depth understanding of Lean Six Sigma and a clear sense of what is required to define high-impact improvement projects, establish Lean Six Sigma measurements, and complete Lean Six Sigma projects using the systematic and proven Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) methodology. This course is designed to instill an in-depth understanding of Lean Six Sigma and a clear sense of what is required to define high-impact improvement projects, establish Lean Six Sigma measurements, and complete Lean Six Sigma projects using the systematic and proven Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) methodology. Participants will learn basic tools and techniques of Lean Six Sigma and those who pass a thirty-question exam (70% or above) will become a Certified Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt. This course is delivered through four 3-hour online sessions. What you Will Learn You'll learn how to: Establish the structure that supports and sustains Lean Six Sigma Quality Identify and calculate key Lean Six Sigma Measurements (Sigma, DPMO, and Yield) Select successful, high-impact projects that match strategic objectives Document, measure, and improve key processes using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) Methodology Utilize data-based thinking to make key business decisions Introduction to the Fundamentals and Vision of Lean Six Sigma Lean Six Sigma's focus on the customer, on quality, and on results The costs of poor quality Critical factors to consider when deploying Lean Six Sigma Lean Six Sigma as a process improvement methodology Lean Six Sigma metrics Why do it - ROI and payback for Lean Six Sigma Business Process Management Critical Lean Six Sigma roles and responsibilities Main aspects of managing the organizational change Project selection Metrics of Lean Six Sigma and the DMAIC Model How to strategically align business metrics and projects within an organization How to identify and measure quality characteristics which are critical to customers What does the customer (internal or external) really want from our products and services? Establishing appropriate teams and setting those teams up to be successful What defines a good measurement system? How are we doing (learning the secret to measuring the right things, right)? How to improve output measures by understanding and measuring the process Where are there defects (how to properly select and scope high-impact projects)? Where is the process broken (the Lean Six Sigma version of root cause analysis)? How to determine the process efficiency, or value add, of a process The appropriate use of quality tools Understanding the concept of variation and how to reduce knee-jerk reactions How to achieve breakthrough results for any key measure How can we ensure the identified improvements will be sustainable (the basics of process control)?

InDesign face to face training customised and bespoke.

Course Objectives At the end of this course you will be able to: Do advance Table design Do advance Query design and Action Querys Do advance Form design with the use of macros and buttons Export and import data to and from different sources. 1 year email support service Take a look at the consistent excellent feedback from our corporate clients visiting our site ms-officetraining co uk With more than 20 years experience, we deliver courses on all levels of the Desktop version of Microsoft Office and Office 365; ranging from Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced to the VBA level. Our trainers are Microsoft certified professionals with a proven track record with several years experience in delivering public, one to one, tailored and bespoke courses. Tailored in company training courses: You can choose to run the course exactly as they are outlined by us or we can customise it so that it meets your specific needs. A tailored or bespoke course will follow the standard outline but may be adapted to your specific organisational needs. Advanced Table Design Advanced Field Properties Table Properties Advanced Query Design Advanced Naming Conventions Join Tables in Queries Manage Query Joins Use Self-Joins in Queries Summarise Data in Queries Parameter Queries Action Queries Crosstab Queries Advanced Form Design Create Subforms and Linked Forms Form Controls Command Buttons Form Properties Interface, Start-Up and Navigations Forms Working with Macros Create Single Macros Run Macros Work with Sub Macros Use Conditional Macros Run Macros from Buttons Assign Macros to Events Extending Data Reach Import Data Export Data Work with Linked Tables Managing Databases Object Dependencies Database Documenter Performance Analyzers Regular Management of a Database Access Database Security Who is this course for? Who is this course for? The course is aimed at all users who would like to obtain the necessary skills to create advanced table, query, form and reports as well as to automate tasks with the use of macros. Career path Career path Microsoft Office know-how can instantly increase your job prospects as well as your salary. 80 percent of job openings require spreadsheet and word-processing software skills

Gain comprehensive knowledge and practical skills for fine-bore nasogastric tube care and feeding with our healthcare professional course. Learn techniques, considerations, and patient care for enteral nutrition, medication administration, and gastric decompression.

Who is this course for? Sketchup Artificial Intelligence Training Course. Mastering SketchUp Artificial Intelligence (AI) is essential for designers, offering automation, efficiency, and innovative solutions. It saves time, enhances visualizations, fosters collaboration, and future-proofs skills, ensuring a competitive edge in the design industry. Click here for more info: Website How to Book? 1-on-1 training. Customize your schedule from Mon to Sat from 9 am to 7 pm Call to book  Duration: 16 hours. Method: In-person or Live Online Sketchup and (Artificial Intelligence) Stable Diffusion Rendering Course (16 hours) Module 1: Sketchup Fundamentals (2 hours) Sketchup software overview and interface navigation Introduction to basic drawing tools and fundamental geometry creation techniques Module 2: Texturing and Material Mastery (2 hours) Application of textures and customization of materials Exploration of texture mapping and comprehensive material libraries Module 3: Illumination and Shadows (2 hours) Comprehending lighting principles and strategic light placement Crafting realistic shadows and reflections Module 4: Advanced Modeling Techniques (3 hours) Creating intricate shapes and harnessing advanced modeling tools Efficiently managing groups, components, and modifiers Module 5: Stable Diffusion Rendering (2 hours) Initiating stable diffusion rendering Optimizing rendering settings for superior outcomes Module 6: Scene Composition and Camera Configuration (2 hours) Exploring composition principles and camera perspectives Scene management and creation of captivating walkthrough animations Module 7: Rendering Optimization Strategies (2 hours) Techniques for optimizing models to expedite rendering Application of render passes and post-processing methods Module 8: Real-World Projects and Portfolio Building (1 hour) Application of acquired skills in completing authentic projects Professional portfolio presentation techniques Optional: Stable Diffusion and Python Installation (Additional 10 hours) Module 1: Introduction to Stable Diffusion and Python Comprehensive understanding of Stable Diffusion and Python's significance Module 2: System Prerequisites Hardware and software requirements for successful installation Module 3: Python Installation Guide Step-by-step installation process for various operating systems Module 4: Configuring Python Environment Configuration of environment variables and package managers Module 5: Stable Diffusion Installation Downloading and installing the Stable Diffusion package Module 6: Setting Up the Development Environment Configuration of integrated development environments (IDEs) for Python and Stable Diffusion Module 7: Troubleshooting and Common Issues Identification and resolution of common installation errors Module 8: Best Practices and Recommendations Effective management of Python and Stable Diffusion installations Module 9: Practical Applications and Projects Hands-on exercises exemplifying the practical usage of Stable Diffusion and Python Module 10: Advanced Topics (Optional) Exploration of advanced features and techniques Stable Diffusion https://stablediffusionweb.com https://stable-diffusion-ui.github.io https://stability.ai/stable-diffusion Upon successful completion of the Sketchup and Stable Diffusion Rendering Course with a focus on AI image rendering, participants will achieve the following: 1. Mastery of AI Image Rendering: Attain expertise in employing AI-powered rendering techniques to produce realistic and top-quality visualizations. 2. Proficiency in Sketchup for 3D Modeling: Navigate the software adeptly, utilize drawing tools with proficiency, and craft intricate 3D models. 3. Enhanced Rendering Optimization: Implement AI-based rendering to enhance model visuals, resulting in faster rendering times and superior image quality. 4. Application of AI-driven Lighting and Shadows: Employ AI algorithms for precise lighting placement, shadows, and reflections, elevating the realism of renderings. 5. Development of a Professional Portfolio: Present AI-rendered projects within a polished professional portfolio, highlighting advanced image rendering capabilities. 1. Mastering Sketchup: Attain proficiency in Sketchup, a renowned and user-friendly 3D modeling software, equipping you with the skills needed to adeptly create and manipulate 3D models. 2. Advanced Rendering Expertise: Explore stable diffusion rendering, an avant-garde technique that simplifies the creation of realistic and high-quality renderings. Broaden your rendering capabilities, producing visually stunning representations of your designs. 3. Practical Industry Applications: Cultivate practical skills relevant to diverse industries, encompassing architecture, interior design, product development, and visualization. Elevate your professional portfolio with captivating renderings that showcase your design prowess. 4. Interactive Learning: Participate in hands-on exercises and projects that promote active learning and the practical application of concepts. Benefit from personalized feedback and expert guidance, ensuring your continuous progress throughout the course. 5. Career Advancement: Elevate your career prospects by adding valuable skills to your toolkit. Proficiency in crafting detailed 3D models and impressive renderings through stable diffusion techniques opens doors to diverse job opportunities within the design and visualization sector. 6. Flexibility and Convenience: Access course materials online and learn at your own pace. Enjoy the flexibility of tailoring the coursework to your schedule, allowing you to harmonize your learning journey with other commitments. Course Advantages: Tailored Learning: Enjoy personalized 1-on-1 sessions, accommodating your schedule from Monday to Saturday, 9 am to 7 pm. Mastery of Sketchup: Develop proficiency in the widely-used and user-friendly 3D modeling software, enabling efficient creation and manipulation of 3D models. Advanced Rendering Proficiency: Acquire expertise in stable diffusion rendering for producing realistic, high-quality renderings that enhance the visual appeal of your designs. Practical Applicability: Develop practical skills applicable across diverse domains, including architecture, interior design, product development, and visualization, enriching your professional portfolio. Interactive Practical Experience: Engage in hands-on exercises with personalized guidance from seasoned instructors, ensuring consistent progress in your skillset. Career Progression: Boost your career opportunities by gaining valuable skills in 3D modeling and generating impressive renderings through stable diffusion techniques. Comprehensive Support: Benefit from free portfolio reviews, mock interviews, and career advice, providing additional resources to enhance your professional journey.

Many organisations find that project teams struggle to create and maintain effective plans. Estimates are often overly optimistic and risks go unmanaged until the inevitable happens. Resource managers also find it hard to forecast the likely loading on their departments and requests for support are not provided in a consistent format. This programme has been developed to address these needs in a very practical, hands-on format. Case study work can be based on simulations or on the organisation's current projects for maximum benefit to participants. The aim of this training is to develop and enhance participants' planning and risk management skills in order to maximise the success of project work undertaken by the organisation. The principal training objectives for this programme are to: Provide a structured, integrated approach to planning and risk management Demonstrate practical tools and techniques for each stage of planning Show how to organise and involve relevant people in the planning process Explain how to use the plan for forecasting and pro-active project control Identify ways to improve planning, both individually and corporately The course will emphasise the importance of participative planning techniques that improve the quality of plans whilst reducing overall time and cost of planning. The course will encourage discussion of internal procedures and practices and may be customised to include them if required. DAY ONE 1 Introduction (Course sponsor) Why this programme has been developed Review of participants' needs and objectives 2 Projects and planning Why plan? The benefits of good planning / penalties of poor planning Planning in the project lifecycle; the need for a 'living' plan The interaction between target setting and the planning process Team exercise: planning the project 3 Planning the plan Defining the application and structure of the plan Impact of planning decisions during the project lifecycle Using available time to create an effective plan 4 Defining deliverables Assessing the context; reviewing the goals and stakeholders Developing the scope and defining deliverables; scope mapping Understanding customer priorities; delivering value for money Case study: defining the project deliverables 5 Creating the work breakdown Building the work breakdown structure Detailing the tasks and sub-tasks; structured brainstorming Defining task ownership; the task responsibility matrix 6 Creating and using a logical network Developing the logical network; task boarding Determining the critical path and calculating float Accelerating the plan; concurrent programming and risk Individual and group exercises DAY TWO 7 Developing resource schedules Deriving the Gantt chart from the network Developing the detailed resource schedules Calculating the expenditure profile ('S' curve) 8 Estimating task durations and costs Understanding estimates: effort, availability and duration Estimating tools and techniques Application of estimating techniques during the project lifecycle 9 Case study Developing the project plan Refining the project plan Team presentations and discussion 10 Managing risks and refining the plan Awareness of contractual issues associated with risk Identifying and evaluating risks; deciding ownership Managing risks: determining levels of provision and contingency Controlling risks: maintaining an up-to date risk register 11 Planning for pro-active control The earned value analysis (EVA) concept and its predictive value Deriving the measures needed for cost and delivery performance Practical issues associated with implementing EVA 12 Using and maintaining the plan Tracking progress and updating the plan Publishing and controlling the plan 13 Course review and transfer planning (Course sponsor present) Identify ways of implementing the techniques learnt Sponsor-led review and discussion of proposals Conclusion