Duration 3 Days 18 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is ideal for developers and engineers including: Cloud administrators Cloud solution architects Customer sales engineers DevOps engineers Sales engineers Systems engineers Technical solutions architects Overview After completing the course, you should be able to: Explain business and technical challenges of going to the cloud Understand benefits of an application-centric hybrid cloud multicloud management platform Navigate Cisco CloudCenter Suite architecture Understand Cisco CloudCenter Suite administrative capabilities including cloud management, multitenancy, governance, and policy enforcement Describe application lifecycle management and provisioning in cloud Describe how to use Cisco CloudCenter Suite to manage the workloads in multicloud The course, Mulitcloud Management with Cisco© CloudCenter Suite (CLDCCS) v1.0 is an intensive training course that teaches you to securely design, automate, and deploy applications across multiple clouds while optimizing cost and compliance with comprehensive reporting, visibility, and policy-enforcement. Through a combination of lessons with hands-on lab exercises, you will learn to simplify the lifecycle management of multicloud applications, workflows, and their infrastructure Understanding Cloud Transitions Overview of Traditional IT Introducing Cisco CloudCenter Suite Cisco CloudCenter Suite Definition Setting Up Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Artifact Repository Overview and Configuration Understanding User Administration and Multitenancy in Cisco CloudCenter Suite Cisco CloudCenter Suite User Roles Grasping Application Modeling in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Model an Application Identifying Resource Placement Callouts and Lifecycle Actions in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Resource Placement and Validation Callout Understanding Application Deployment Framework in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Workload Manager Application Parameters Exploring Application Services in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Application Services Framework Integrating Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager with Cisco Application-Centric Infrastructure Configure CloudCenter Workload Manager for Cisco ACI Introducing Application Management in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Actions Library Exploring Advanced Features in CloudCenter Workload Manager Scheduling an Application in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Comprehending Policies and Tagless Governance in CloudCenter Workload Manager Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Policies Introducing Action Orchestrator and Cost Optimizer in Cisco CloudCenter Suite Action Orchestrator in Cisco CloudCenter Suite Lab outline Explore Cisco CloudCenter Suite Admin GUI Discover Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager GUI Create Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Repository Design Deployment Environments in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Create Images in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Form Cost Bundles and Usage Plans in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Explore Multitenancy in Cisco CloudCenter Suite Model and Deploy Two-Tier Application Model and Deploy Multitier Application Perfect and Arrange Multitier Application on Docker Model and Deploy Application on Kubernetes Cloud Deploy Application in Hybrid Cloud Arrange Application Using Automated Resource Placement Perform Lifecycle Actions on Deployed Applications Create User-Defined Parameters and Explore Macros Understand Application Services in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manage Benchmark, Schedule, and Share Applications in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery (CI/CD) Project Board Manage Policies in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Manage System Tags and Governance in Cisco CloudCenter Workload Manager Explore Action Orchestrator Explore Cost Optimizer Additional course details: Nexus Humans Cisco Multicloud Management with Cisco CloudCenter Suite (CLDCCS) v1.0 training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the Cisco Multicloud Management with Cisco CloudCenter Suite (CLDCCS) v1.0 course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for This basic course is intended for anyone who requires basic AIX/UNIX user skills to be able to work in an AIX environment. This course is also a prerequisite for many courses in the AIX Systems Administration curriculum. Overview Log in to an AIX system and set a user password Use AIX online documentation Manage AIX files and directories Describe the purpose of the shell Use the vi editor Execute common AIX commands and manage AIX processes Customize the working environment Use common AIX utilities Write simple shell scripts Use the AIXWindows Environment Use the Common Desktop Environment This course enables you to perform everyday tasks using the AIX operating system. Day 1 Introduction to AIX Using the System AIX Documentation Files and Directories Using Files Day 2 File Permissions The vi Editor Shell Basics Using Shell Variables Day 3 Processes Controlling Processes Customizing the User Environment AIX Utilities, Part I AIX Utilities, Part I (Continued) AIX Utilities, Part II Day 4 AIX Utilities, Part II (Continued) Additional Shell Features The AIX Graphical User Interface
Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is intended for Ethical Hackers, Penetration Testers, Network Server Administrators, Firewall Administrators, Security Testers, System Administrators and Risk Assessment Professionals, Cybersecurity Forensic Analyst, Cyberthreat Analyst, Cloud Security, Analyst Information Security Consultant, Application Security Analyst, Cybersecurity Assurance Engineer, Security Operations Center (SOC) Analyst, Technical Operations Network Engineer, Information Security Engineer, Network Security Penetration Tester, Network Security Engineer, Information Security Architect. Overview Upon successful completion of this course, students will master their Penetration Testing skills, perform the repeatable methodology, become committed to the code of ethics, and present analyzed results through structured reports. The main course outcomes include: 100% mapped with the NICE framework. Maps to the job role of a Penetration Tester and security analyst, based on major job portals. 100% methodology-based Penetration Testing program. Provides strong reporting writing guidance. Blended with both manual and automated Penetration Testing approaches. Gives a real-world experience through an Advanced Penetration Testing Range. Designed based on the most common Penetration Testing services offered by the best service providers in the market. Offers standard templates that can help during a Penetration test. This is a multidisciplinary course with extensive hands-on training in a wide range of crucial skills, including advanced Windows attacks, Internet of Things (IoT) and Operational Technology (OT) systems, filtered network bypass techniques, exploit writing, single and double pivoting, advanced privilege escalation, and binary exploitation. Course Outline Introduction to Penetration Testing Penetration Testing Scoping and Engagement Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) Social Engineering Penetration Testing Network Penetration Testing ? External Network Penetration Testing ? Internal Network Penetration Testing - Perimeter Devices Web Application Penetration Testing Wireless Penetration Testing IoT Penetration Testing OT/SCADA Penetration Testing Cloud Penetration Testing Binary Analysis and Exploitation Report Writing and Post-Testing Actions Additional course details: Nexus Humans Certified Penetration Testing Professional (CPENT) training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the Certified Penetration Testing Professional (CPENT) course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for IS Security Officers IS Managers Virtualization Engineers and Managers Cloud Security Managers Overview Upon completion, the Certified Digital Forensics Examiner candidate will be able to competently take the CDFE exam. The Certified Digital Forensics Examiner, C)DFE certification is designed to train Cyber Crime and Fraud Investigators. Students are taught electronic discovery and advanced investigation techniques.ÿ This course is essential to anyone encountering digital evidence while conducting an investigation. Mile2?s Certified Digital Forensics Examiner training teaches the methodology for conducting a computer forensic examination. Students will learn to use forensically sound investigative techniques in order to evaluate the scene, collect and document all relevant information, interview appropriate personnel, maintain chain-of-ðcustody, and write a findings report. Through the use of a risk-based approach, the C)DFE is able to implement and maintain cost-effective security controls that are closely aligned with both business and industry standards. Course Outline Computer Forensic Incidents Investigative Theory Investigative Process Digital Acquisition and Analysis Disks and Storages Live Acquisitions Windows Forensics Linux Forensics Mac Forensics Examination Protocols Digital Evidence Protocols Digital Evidence Presentation Laboratory Protocols Specialized Artifact Recovery eDiscovery and ESI Mobile Forensics Incident Handling Reporting Additional course details: Nexus Humans C)DFE - Certified Digital Forensics Examiner Mile 2 training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the C)DFE - Certified Digital Forensics Examiner Mile 2 course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for IT professionals who have attended Red Hat System Administration I and want the skills to be full-time enterprise Linux administrators and/or earn RHCSA certifications This course focuses on the key tasks needed to become a full time Linux administrator and goes deeper into enterprise Linux administration including file systems and partitioning, logical volumes, SELinux, firewalling, and troubleshooting. Automate installation with Kickstart Automate the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems with Kickstart Use regular expressions with grep Write regular expressions that, when partnered with grep, will allow you to quickly isolate or locate content within text files. Create and Edit text files with vim Introduce the vim text editor, with which you can open, edit, and save text files. Schedule future Linux tasks Schedule tasks to automatically execute in the future. Manage priority of Linux processes Influence the relative priorities at which Linux processes run. Control access to files with access control lists (ACL) Manage file security using POSIX access control lists. Manage SELinux security Manage the Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux) behavior of a system to keep it secure in case of a network service compromise. Connect to network-defined users and groups Configure systems to use central identity management services. Add disks, partitions, and file systems to a Linux system Manage simple partitions and file systems. Manage logical volume management (LVM) storage Manage logical volumes from the command line. Access networked attached storage with network file system (NFS) Access (secure) NFS shares. Access networked storage with SMB Use autofs and the command line to mount and unmount SMB file systems. Control and troubleshoot the Red Hat Enterprise Linux boot process Limit network communication with firewall, Configure a basic firewall. Comprehensive review Practice and demonstrate knowledge and skills learned in this course.
Duration 1 Days 6 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is designed for business leaders and decision makers, including C-level executives, project and product managers, HR leaders, Marketing and Sales leaders, and technical sales consultants, who have a vested interest in the representation of ethical values in technology solutions. Other individuals who want to know more about data ethics are also candidates for this course. This course is also designed to assist learners in preparing for the CertNexus DEBIZ⢠(Exam DEB-110) credential. The power of extracting value from data utilizing Artificial Intelligence, Data Science and Machine Learning exposes the learning differences between humans and machines. Humans can apply ethical principles throughout the decision-making process to avoid discrimination, societal harm, and marginalization to maintain and even enhance acceptable norms. Machines make decisions autonomously. So how do we train them to apply ethical principles as they learn from decisions they make? This course provides business professionals and consumers of technology core concepts of ethical principles, how they can be applied to emerging data driven technologies and the impact to an organization which ignores ethical use of technology. Introduction to Data Ethics Defining Data Ethics The Case for Data Ethics Identifying Ethical Issues Improving Ethical Data Practices Ethical Principles Ethical Frameworks Data Privacy Accountability Transparency and Explainability Human-Centered Values and Fairness Inclusive Growth, Sustainable Development, and Well-Being Applying Ethical Principles to Emerging Technology Improving Ethical Data Practices Sources of Ethical Risk Mitigating Bias Mitigating Discrimination Safety and Security Mitigating Negative Outputs Data Surveillance Assessing Risk Ethical Risks in sharing data Applying professional critical judgement Business Considerations Data Legislation Impact of Social and Behavioral Effects Trustworthiness Impact on Business Reputation Organizational Values and the Data Value Chain Building a Data Ethics Culture/Code of Ethics Balancing organizational goals with Ethical Practice Additional course details: Nexus Humans CertNexus Data Ethics for Business Professionals (DEBIZ) training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the CertNexus Data Ethics for Business Professionals (DEBIZ) course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for If you are getting ready for a career as an entry-level information technology (IT) professional or personal computer (PC) service technician, the CompTIA© A+© Certification course is the first step in your preparation. Overview In this course, you will install, configure, optimize, troubleshoot, repair, upgrade, and perform preventive maintenance on personal computers, digital devices, and operating systems. You will:Identify the hardware components of personal computers and mobile digital devices.Identify the basic components and functions of operating systems.Identify networking and security fundamentals.Identify the operational procedures that should be followed by professional PC technicians.Install, configure, and troubleshoot display devices.Install and configure peripheral components.Manage system components.Manage data storage.Install and configure Microsoft Windows.Optimize and maintain Microsoft Windows.Work with other operating systems.Identify the hardware and software requirements for client environment configurations.Identify network technologies.Install and configure networking capabilities.Support mobile digital devices.Support printers and multifunction devices.Identify security threats, vulnerabilities, and controls.Implement security controls.Troubleshoot system-wide issues. In this course, you will acquire the essential skills and information you will need to install, upgrade, repair, configure, troubleshoot, optimize, and perform preventative maintenance of basic personal computer hardware and operating systems. Hardware Fundamentals Topic A: Personal Computer Components Topic B: Storage Devices Topic C: Mobile Digital Devices Topic D: Connection Interfaces Operating System Fundamentals Topic A: PC and Mobile Operating Systems Topic B: PC Operating System Tools and Utilities Networking & Security Fundamentals Topic A: Network Types Topic B: Network Components Topic C: Common Network Services Topic D: Cloud Concepts Topic E: Security Fundamentals Safety & Operational Procedures Topic A: Basic Maintenance Tools and Techniques Topic B: Personal and Electrical Safety Topic C: Environmental Safety and Materials Handling Topic D: Professionalism and Communication Topic E: Organizational Policies and Procedures Topic F: Troubleshooting Theory Supporting Display Devices Topic A: Install Display Devices Topic B: Configure Display Devices Topic C: Troubleshoot Video and Display Devices Installing & Configuring Peripheral Components Topic A: Install and Configure Input Devices Topic B: Install and Configure Output Devices Topic C: Install and Configure Input/Output Devices Topic D: Install and Configure Expansion Cards Managing System Components Topic A: Identify Motherboard Components and Features Topic B: Install and Configure CPUs and Cooling Systems Topic C: Install Power Supplies Topic D: Troubleshoot System Components Managing Data Storage Topic A: Identify RAM Types and Features Topic B: Troubleshoot RAM Issues Topic C: Install and Configure Storage Devices Topic D: Configure the System Firmware Topic E: Troubleshoot Hard Drives and RAID Arrays Installing & Configuring Microsoft Windows Topic A: Implement Client-Side Virtualization Topic B: Install Microsoft Windows Topic C: Use Microsoft Windows Topic D: Configure Microsoft Windows Topic E: Upgrade Microsoft Windows Optimizing & Maintaining Microsoft Windows Topic A: Optimize Microsoft Windows Topic B: Back Up and Restore System Data Topic C: Perform Disk Maintenance Topic D: Update Software Working with Other Operating Systems Topic A: The OS X Operating System Topic B: The Linux Operating System Customized Client Enviroments Topic A: Types of Common Business Clients Topic B: Custom Client Environments Networking Technologies Topic A: TCP/IP Properties and Characteristics Topic B: TCP/IP Topic C: Internet Connections Topic D: Ports and Protocols Topic E: Networking Tools Installing & Configuring Networking Capabilities Topic A: Configure Basic Windows Networking Topic B: Configure Network Perimeters Topic C: Using Windows Networking Features Topic D: Install and Configure SOHO Networks Supporting Mobile Digital Devices Topic A: Install and Configure Exterior Laptop Components Topic B: Install and Configure Interior Laptop Components Topic C: Other Mobile Devices Topic D: Mobile Device Accessories and Ports Topic E: Mobile Device Connectivity Topic F: Mobile Device Synchronization Topic G: Troubleshoot Mobile Device Hardware Supporting Printers & Multifunction Devices Topic A: Printer and Multifunction Technologies Topic B: Install and Configure Printers Topic C: Maintain Printers Topic D: Troubleshoot Printers Security Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Controls Topic A: Common Security Threats and Vulnerabilities Topic B: General Security Controls Topic C: Mobile Security Controls Topic D: Data Destruction and Disposal Methods Implementing Security Controls Topic A: Secure Operating Systems Topic B: Secure Workstations Topic C: Secure SOHO Networks Topic D: Secure Mobile Devices Troubleshooting System-Wide Issues Topic A: Troubleshoot PC Operating Systems Topic B: Troubleshoot Mobile Device Operating Systems and Applications Topic C: Troubleshoot Wired and Wireless Networks Topic D: Troubleshoot Common Security Issues Additional course details: Nexus Humans Managing and Troubleshooting PCs - Part 2 training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the Managing and Troubleshooting PCs - Part 2 course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for #NAME? Overview At the completion of this course, students already familiar with the RHCT/RHCSA administration skills will have exposure to all competencies tested by the RHCSA and RHCE exams. If you are an experienced Linux© system administrator and hold a Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA©) credential or possess equivalent skills and want to broaden your ability to administer Linux systems at an enterprise level, this is the perfect course.The course will empower you to deploy and manage network servers running caching domain name service (DNS), MariaDB, Apache HTTPD, Postfix SMTP null clients, network file sharing with network file system (NFS) and server message block (SMB), iSCSI initiators and targets, advanced networking and firewall configurations, and to use bash shell scripting to help automate, configure, and troubleshoot your system. Through lectures and hands-on labs, you will be exposed to all competencies covered by the Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE) exam (EX300), supplementing what you have already learned in earning your RHCSA credential.This course is based on Red Hat© Enterprise Linux 7. Getting Started with the Classroom Environment Given a virtualized environment, begin to administrate multiple systems using prerequisite skills Enhance User Security Configure system to use Kerberos to verify credentials and grant privileges via sudo Bash Scripting and Tools Automate system administration tasks utilizing Bash scripts and text-based tools File Security with GnuPG Secure files with GnuPG. Software Management Use yum plugins to manage packages and understand the design of packages to build a simple package Network Monitoring Profile running services then capture and analyze network traffic Route Network Traffic Configure system to route traffic and customize network parameters with sysctl Secure Network Traffic Secure network traffic through SSH port forwarding and iptables filtering/network address translation (NAT) NTP Server Configuration Configure an NTP server Filesystems and Logs Manage local file system integrity, monitor system over time, and system logging Centralized and Secure Storage Access centralized storage (iSCSI) and encrypt filesystems SSL-encapsulated Web Services Understand SSL certificates and deploy an SSL encapsulated web service Web Server Additional Configuration Configure web server with virtual hosts, dynamic content, and authenticated directories Basic SMTP Configuration Configure an SMTP server for basic operation (null client, receiving mail, smarthost relay) Caching-Only DNS Server Understand DNS resource records and configure a caching-only name server File Sharing with NFS Configure file sharing between hosts with NFS File Sharing with CIFS Configure file and print sharing between hosts with CIFS File Sharing with FTP Configure file sharing with anonymous FTP Troubleshooting Boot Process Understand the boot process and recover unbootable systems with rescue mode
Duration 2 Days 12 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is for web developers who are well-versed in JavaScript and want to take their TypeScript knowledge to the next level. No prior TypeScript knowledge is required. Overview By completing this course, you will be able to build interesting TypeScript projects. This course will take your current TypeScript knowledge to the next level. Here are the important topics that this course will cover: - Learn the fundamentals of TypeScript - Build a weather forecast widget with Angular - Create building a note-taking client/server application using Angular, Node.js, and MongoDB - Create a real-time chat application with React In this course, you will begin by learning the fundamentals of TypeScript and then move toward advanced concepts. Then, learn how TypeScript relates to JavaScript that you may have written before. and understand the benefits of TypeScript and how it can help you avoid software defects. You will also learn to use type guards, check null and undefined, create tagged union types, and compare the performance of algorithms. Additionally, you will use TypeScript to build a weather forecast widget with Angular and then progress by building a note-taking client/server application using Angular, Node.js, and MongoDB, and finally create a real-time chat application with React. TypeScript Fundamentals Introduction to TypeScript Type Checking Advanced Type Analysis Features Comparing Performance of Algorithms Building a Weather Forecast Widget with Angular 4 Using Modules Creating the First Component Using the Component in Other Components Using the Main Component Note-Taking Client/Server App Setting up the Server Integrating with MongoDB Creating the Client Side with Angular Real-Time Chat Setting up the Project Writing the Server Creating the Chat Room Additional course details: Nexus Humans Building Web Applications With TypeScript, Angular, and React training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the Building Web Applications With TypeScript, Angular, and React course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.