1735 Basic courses in London delivered Live Online

Essential IMS training course description The IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS) is defined by 3GPP as a new mobile infrastructure. This course studies the discreet elements in the IMS. What will you learn Describe the IMS. Describe the IMS architecture. Explain how charging, security and QoS is handled in the IMS. Explain how the IMS supports service enablers such as Push to talk and Presence. Essential IMS training course details Who will benefit: Telecommunications staff. Prerequisites: Mobile communications overview Duration 2 days Essential IMS training course contents Mobile communications review The role of IP in telecommunications. GSM to IMS. Enhanced multimedia services, Push To, convergence, conferencing, roaming. What is IMS? What it is, why IMS, standard bodies: 3GPP, IETF, OMA, IMS services. MMD comparison. IMS architecture blocks Overview, IMS functions, IMS interfaces, IMS protocols, IMS elements, IMS reference points. Access network, IMS in GSM, CDMA, WiFi & PSTN networks. Core network. Application, Control and Call planes. HSS - User database Identification. The user database, role of HSS, SLF and multiple HSSs. 'Normal' identities, IMPI, IMPU. IMS signalling: SIP What is SIP? SIP URI, contact address, UAs, Proxies, basic SIP call flow, SIP sessions. IMS other protocols Megaco, Diameter, XML, XCAP, COPS, RTP/RTCP, SDP, H.324M, IM and MSRP. Call/Session Control Call Session Control Functions (CSCF). Domains. Home networks, visited networks. CSCF and SIP. P-CSCF, P-CSCF discovery, P-CSCF functions. I-CSCF, DNS and I-CSCF. S-CSCF, S-CSCF functions, ENUM lookups. QoS. Example call flows. IMS services Open service platform, Application Servers, profiles, AS interface with S-CSCF. 'Normal' services (Caller ID, Call waiting, transfer…) Push to talk Over Cellular (PoC), IMS conferencing, Group management, IMS Presence, IMS Messaging. Other possible applications. Media servers. (MRFC, MRFP). Gateways IMS PSTN procedures, BGCF, PSTN interface. SGW, MGCF, MGW Charging Architecture, Offline, online and flow based charging, charging reference points, CCF, DIAMETER, ICID, IOI. IMS security IMS security architecture, identities, AAA, public and private user ID, service filters, Cx interface, RADIUS, Diameter protocol, 3GPP AKA, integrity, privacy, NDS, IPSEC, trust, assertion.

Who is this course for? The 3D Printing Bespoke 1-on-1 Training Course is designed for individuals seeking personalized instruction and hands-on experience in the field of 3D printing. Click here for more info: Website Training: 40 hrs, split as per your availability. When: 9 a.m. to 7 p.m., Mon-Sat. Call 02077202581 to reserve. Live online, or in-person. Option A: AutoCAD 10 hrs, Rhino 16 hrs, Vray 4 hrs, Photoshop 4 hrs, 3D Printing 6 hrs Option B: AutoCAD 12 hrs, 3ds Max 16 hrs, Vray 4 hrs, Photoshop 4 hrs, 3D Printing 4 hrs.  Option A: AutoCAD, Rhino, Vray, Photoshop, 3D Printing (Total: 40 hours) AutoCAD (10 hours): Module 1: Introduction to AutoCAD (2 hours) Familiarization with AutoCAD interface and tools Creating, opening, and saving drawings Basic drawing and editing commands Module 2: Drawing and Editing (3 hours) Lines, circles, and arcs Polylines and polygons Modifying objects: Move, Copy, Rotate, and Scale Module 3: Precision Drawing (3 hours) Using coordinate systems Dimensioning and text Hatching and gradients Module 4: Advanced Tools (2 hours) Blocks and attributes Layers and object properties Creating layouts and plotting Rhino (16 hours): Module 1: Introduction to Rhino (2 hours) Navigating the Rhino interface Basic 2D and 3D modeling concepts Creating and manipulating objects Module 2: Advanced Modeling (6 hours) Modeling with curves and surfaces Editing and transforming geometry Building complex 3D structures Module 3: Visualization with Vray (4 hours) Understanding the Vray rendering engine Applying materials and textures Setting up lighting and cameras for realistic rendering Module 4: Presentation and Editing (2 hours) Exporting and sharing Rhino models Post-processing and enhancing designs Photoshop (4 hours): Module 1: Introduction to Photoshop (2 hours) Navigating Photoshop interface Image resolution and size Basic image editing tools Module 2: Image Editing and Enhancement (2 hours) Adjusting colors and tones Using layers and masks Retouching and image manipulation 3D Printing (6 hours): Module 1: Introduction to 3D Printing (2 hours) Basics of 3D printing technology Understanding file formats and requirements Module 2: Preparing 3D Models (2 hours) Model optimization for 3D printing Creating supports and rafts Ensuring successful prints Option B: AutoCAD, 3ds Max, Vray, Photoshop, 3D Printing (Total: 38 hours) AutoCAD (12 hours): Module 1: Introduction to AutoCAD (2 hours) Overview of AutoCAD interface and tools Creating, opening, and saving drawings Basic drawing and editing commands Module 2: Drawing and Editing (3 hours) Lines, circles, and arcs Polylines and polygons Modifying objects: Move, Copy, Rotate, and Scale Module 3: Precision Drawing (3 hours) Using coordinate systems Dimensioning and text Hatching and gradients Module 4: Advanced Tools (4 hours) Blocks and attributes Layers and object properties Creating layouts and plotting 3ds Max (16 hours): Module 1: Introduction to 3ds Max (2 hours) Exploring the 3ds Max interface Navigating viewports and objects Basic modeling techniques Module 2: 3D Modeling (6 hours) Creating and editing 3D objects Modifiers and deformations Working with shapes and splines Module 3: Visualization with Vray (4 hours) Setting up lights and cameras Rendering settings and options Post-production and compositing Photoshop (4 hours): Module 1: Introduction to Photoshop (2 hours) Navigating Photoshop interface Image resolution and size Basic image editing tools Module 2: Image Editing and Enhancement (2 hours) Adjusting colors and tones Using layers and masks Retouching and image manipulation 3D Printing (4 hours): Module 1: Introduction to 3D Printing (2 hours) Basics of 3D printing technology Understanding file formats and requirements Module 2: Preparing 3D Models (2 hours) Model optimization for 3D printing Creating supports and rafts Ensuring successful prints Training Duration: 40 hours Flexible Timings: Students can choose their preferred time slots based on our availability, operating from 9:00 am to 7:00 pm (Monday to Saturday). Pricing Details: Company Rate: £1200 (Plus 20% VAT) = £1440 inc VAT. Student, Self-Financed, and Live Online Rate: £1000 (Plus 20% VAT) = £1200 inc VAT. Who Should Enroll: This course caters to a wide range of individuals, including: Novices: Perfect for beginners unfamiliar with AutoCAD, 3ds Max, Adobe Photoshop, Rhino, Vray, and 3D printing, providing a solid foundational understanding. Architects and Interior Designers: Tailored insights for professionals seeking precision in enhancing their design skills, valuable for design firms. Industry Professionals: Establishes industry benchmarks, offering adaptable education applicable across sectors like interior design, architecture, and civil engineering. Learning Approach: Hands-On Practicality: Emphasizes practical, real-world skills through personalized one-on-one training, available in face-to-face or live online sessions. Step-by-Step Instruction: Experienced instructors guide you systematically through techniques using AutoDesk AutoCAD, Autodesk 3ds Max, Adobe Photoshop, and Trimble Sketchup. What You'll Receive: Certificate of Achievement: Upon completion, receive a certificate validating your expertise. Comprehensive Training Guide: Access an extensive PDF guide compatible with both Windows and MAC. Live Feedback: Connect with your tutor for real-time feedback during sessions and the option to record each session for future reference. Our Benefits: Price Assurance: Guaranteeing exceptional value for your career investment. Personalized Training: Tailored one-on-one sessions, adjusting to your learning pace and style. Flexible Scheduling: Choose your preferred training time and day, available Monday to Sunday, from 9 am to 8 pm. Lifetime Support: Ongoing email and phone support beyond the course completion. Computer Setup Assistance: We assist in configuring your computer for seamless software installation. Referral Benefits: Recommend a friend and enjoy discounts, including significant savings on group training courses. Advantages of Option A: Diverse Skill Enhancement: Acquire proficiency in AutoCAD, Rhino, Vray, Photoshop, and 3D Printing, expanding your skill repertoire. Career Opportunities: Access a wide range of career paths in design, architecture, and 3D printing fields, enhancing your professional prospects. Compelling Visualizations: Craft realistic and visually appealing 3D renderings using Vray, elevating the quality of your design presentations. Image Editing Expertise: Master the art of enhancing design projects with Photoshop, adding finesse to your creative work. Prototyping Prowess: Develop essential skills in 3D Printing, enabling you to create physical design prototypes for various applications. Advantages of Option B: Versatile Skill Mastery: Excel in AutoCAD, 3ds Max, Vray, Photoshop, and 3D Printing, gaining expertise in diverse areas of design and visualization. Career Advancement: Unlock opportunities in architecture, animation, and visualization fields, broadening your career horizons. High-Quality Renderings: Showcase your designs impressively with high-quality renderings generated through Vray, leaving a lasting impact on viewers. Image Editing Mastery: Polish your design concepts and presentations using advanced Photoshop techniques, ensuring your visuals are refined and professional. 3D Printing Expertise: Bring your digital designs to life across various industries, mastering the intricate art of 3D printing. Our training courses cater to both Mac and Windows operating systems and provide: Price Assurance: Ensuring the best value for your investment. Personalized Attention: Benefit from one-on-one training sessions tailored to your learning pace and style. Flexible Scheduling: Choose your preferred time and day for training sessions, available seven days a week from 9 am to 8 pm. Ongoing Support: Enjoy lifetime email and phone support, ensuring you're never alone on your learning journey. Technical Assistance: Receive guidance in configuring your computer for software installation, ensuring a seamless learning experience. Special Benefits: Avail special discounts when you refer a friend and significant savings on group training courses, maximizing the value of your training investment.

Complete C# programming training course description This training course teaches developers the programming skills that are required for developers to create Windows applications using the C# language. Students review the basics of C# program structure, language syntax, and implementation details, and then consolidate their knowledge throughout the week as they build an application that incorporates several features of the .NET Framework. What will you learn Use the syntax and features of C#. Create and call methods, catch and handle exceptions, and describe the monitoring requirements of large-scale applications. Implement a typical desktop application. Create class, define and implement interfaces, and create and generic collections. Read and write data to/from files. Build a GUI using XAML. Complete C# programming training course details Who will benefit: Programmers wishing to learn C#. Prerequisites: Developers attending this course should already have gained some limited experience using C# to complete basic programming tasks. Duration 5 days Complete C# programming training course contents Review of C# Syntax Overview of Writing Applications using C#, Datatypes, Operators, and Expressions. C# Programming Language Constructs. Hands on Developing the Class Enrolment Application. Methods, exceptions and monitoring apps Creating and Invoking Methods. Creating Overloaded Methods and Using Optional and Output Parameters. Handling Exceptions. Monitoring Applications. Hands on Extending the Class Enrolment Application Functionality. Developing a graphical application Implementing Structs and Enums. Organizing Data into Collections. Handling Events. Hands on Writing the Grades Prototype Application. Classes and Type-safe collections Creating Classes. Defining and Implementing Interfaces. Implementing Type-safe Collections. Hands on Adding Data Validation and Type-safety to the Grades Application. Class hierarchy using Inheritance Class hierarchies. Extending .NET framework classes. Creating generic types. Hands on Refactoring common functionality into the User Class. Reading and writing local data Reading and Writing Files. Serializing and Deserializing Data. Performing I/O Using Streams. Hands on Generating the Grades Report. Accessing a Database Creating and using entity data models. Querying and updating data by using LINQ. Hands on Retrieving and modifying grade data. Accessing remote data Accessing data across the web and in the cloud. Hands on Modifying grade data in the Cloud. Designing the UI for a graphical applicatione Using XAML to design a User Interface. Binding controls to data. Styling a UI. Hands on Customizing Student Photographs and Styling the Application. Improving performance and responsiveness Implementing Multitasking by using tasks and Lambda Expressions. Performing operations asynchronously. Synchronizing concurrent data access. Hands on Improving the responsiveness and performance of the application. Integrating with unmanaged code Creating and using dynamic objects. Managing the Lifetime of objects and controlling unmanaged resources. Hands on Upgrading the grades report. Creating reusable types and assemblies Examining Object Metadata. Creating and Using Custom Attributes. Generating Managed Code. Versioning, Signing and Deploying Assemblies. Hands on Specifying the Data to Include in the Grades Report. Encrypting and Decrypting Data Implementing Symmetric Encryption. Implementing Asymmetric Encryption. Hands on Encrypting and Decrypting Grades Reports.

Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving (Virtual) Two critical skillsets for the future of work are critical thinking and creative problem solving. These modes of working and thinking intersect and overlap; both are necessary and both can be taught. Having the ability to exercise creativity while at the same time applying structure and discipline to the thinking process is a key competency in the twenty-first century workplace. This course explores the interplay between critical and creative thinking, and the necessity of each to effective problem solving and decision making. Participants will learn a variety of techniques to apply critical thinking to real-life scenarios. They will experiment with different problem-solving approaches and will learn about cognitive influences on our decisions and choices. The course delves into the business value of creativity and involves participants in actively integrating criticality, creativity, and problem solving. What you will Learn At the end of this program, you will be able to: Explain basic concepts of problem solving Infer types of cognitive biases that impact decision making Utilize types of root cause analysis Differentiate among obstacles to sound decision making Apply a variety of problem-solving approaches / processes to existing challenges Evaluate alternative solution methods using various techniques Analyze real world problem scenarios to determine the lateral thinking type needed to address them Getting Started Foundation Concepts Definitions Thinking modes and cognitive bias Basic problem-solving framework Problem Definition and Solution Generation Root cause analysis Basic problem-solving obstacles Generating alternative solutions Evaluating Alternatives Critical thinking guidelines Obstacles to sound decision making Tools for evaluating alternatives Exploring Lateral Thinking Problem-solving challenge Workplace application Summary and Next Steps

Who is this course for? This course is ideal for individuals interested in learning landscape architecture, emphasizing the planning, design, and management of various outdoor spaces, such as private gardens, public parks, and commercial landscapes. Click here for more info: Website 1-on-1 training, Monday to Saturday, 9 a.m. to 7 p.m., or call to book. Tailor your 40-hour course  Option A: AutoCAD, Sketchup, Vray, and Photoshop.  Option B: Rhino, Sketchup, Vray, and Photoshop. Both covering specializes in Planting Plans and Maps. Course Outline - Option A: AutoCAD, Sketchup, Vray, Photoshop (Total: 40 hours) AutoCAD (10 hours): Module 1: Introduction to AutoCAD (2 hours) - Overview of AutoCAD interface and tools - Creating, opening, and saving drawings - Basic drawing and editing commands Module 2: Drawing and Editing (3 hours) - Working with lines, circles, and arcs - Utilizing polylines and polygons - Modifying objects: Move, Copy, Rotate, and Scale Module 3: Precision Drawing (3 hours) - Using coordinate systems for precision - Dimensioning and text incorporation - Hatching and gradients for added detail Module 4: Advanced Tools (2 hours) - Leveraging blocks and attributes - Managing layers and object properties - Creating layouts and preparing for plotting Sketchup (16 hours): (Specializing in Planting Plans, Vegetation Plans, and Maps) Module 1: Introduction to Sketchup (2 hours) - Navigating the Sketchup interface - Grasping basic 2D and 3D modeling concepts - Creating and manipulating objects Module 2: Advanced Modeling (6 hours) - Model intricate garden elements with curves and surfaces - Expertly edit and transform geometry - Specialized focus on Planting Plans, Vegetation Plans, and Maps Module 3: Visualization with Vray (4 hours) - Understanding the Vray rendering engine - Applying materials and textures for realism - Setting up lighting and cameras for realistic rendering Module 4: Image Enhancement with Photoshop (10 hours): - Introduction to Photoshop for design purposes - Editing and enhancing Sketchup and Vray outputs - Creating visually striking presentations Additional Resources: Access free online portfolio design assistance, career growth guidance, and mock interviews to ensure your readiness for the competitive job market. Course Outline - Option B: AutoCAD, Rhino, Vray, Photoshop (Total: 40 hours) AutoCAD (12 hours): Module 1: Introduction to AutoCAD (2 hours) - Overview of AutoCAD interface and tools - Creating, opening, and saving drawings - Basic drawing and editing commands Module 2: Drawing and Editing (3 hours) - Working with lines, circles, and arcs - Utilizing polylines and polygons - Modifying objects: Move, Copy, Rotate, and Scale Module 3: Precision Drawing (3 hours) - Using coordinate systems for precision - Dimensioning and text incorporation - Hatching and gradients for added detail Module 4: Advanced Tools (4 hours) - Leveraging blocks and attributes - Managing layers and object properties - Creating layouts and preparing for plotting Rhino (14 hours): Module 1: Introduction to Rhino (2 hours) - Navigating the Rhino interface - Grasping basic 2D and 3D modeling concepts - Creating and manipulating objects Module 2: Advanced Modeling (6 hours) - Model intricate garden structures with curves and surfaces - Proficiently edit and transform geometry - Build complex 3D structures Module 3: Visualization with Vray (6 hours) - Setting up lights and cameras for garden renders - Exploring rendering settings and options - Post-production and compositing techniques Image Enhancement with Photoshop (8 hours): - Introduction to Photoshop for design purposes - Editing and enhancing Rhino and Vray outputs - Creating visually striking presentations Both Option A and Option B provide comprehensive training in essential design software, with the choice between specialization in Sketchup (Option A) or a broader skill set with Rhino (Option B). Additionally, both options offer access to valuable resources for career preparation. When Can I Book this Training Course? Personalized 1-on-1 training sessions available, allowing for a tailored learning experience. Pre-book your preferred time slot from Monday to Saturday between 9 a.m. and 7 p.m. Alternatively, call 02077202581 to book over the phone. Training Duration 40-hour training program, with the flexibility to split hours based on your ideal learning schedule. Training Method Choose between in-person Face to Face or Live Online 1-on-1 training. Expect personalized attention, flexible learning pace, and individualized support throughout your training. Live Online sessions available over Zoom for added convenience. Enroll in our 1-on-1 Course Today! Comprehensive Training Program Overview Option A: AutoCAD (10 hours) Sketchup (16 hours) (Specializing in Planting Plans, Vegetation Plans, and Maps) Vray (4 hours) Photoshop (10 hours) Option B: AutoCAD (12 hours) Rhino (14 hours) Vray (6 hours) Photoshop (8 hours) Benefits of Option A: Diverse Skillset: Gain expertise in AutoCAD, Sketchup, Vray, and Photoshop for various design fields. Specialization: Focus on Planting Plans, Vegetation Plans, and Maps within Sketchup. Realistic Renderings: Learn Vray for compelling 3D renderings. Image Editing: Enhance images effectively with Photoshop. Career Readiness: Access resources like portfolio design assistance and mock interviews for job market readiness. Benefits of Option B: Versatile Expertise: Master AutoCAD, Rhino, Vray, and Photoshop for various design disciplines. Advanced 3D Modeling: Excel in complex designs with Rhino and 3ds Max. Quality Renderings: Create impressive 3D renderings with Vray. Image Editing Mastery: Perfect design concepts with Photoshop. Additional Training Course Benefits: Compatible with both Mac and Windows operating systems. Price Assurance for exceptional value. Flexible scheduling from Monday to Sunday, 9 am to 8 pm. Lifetime Email and Phone Support. Assistance in configuring your computer for seamless software installation. Referral Benefits, including special discounts for friend referrals and savings on group training courses.

Advanced Level workshop that introduces you to the basic Techniques of Academic English that will help you to: i)  Read and Write Academic tests more effectively, and ii)  give effective Academic Presentations. 

This is a two day City and Guilds 7543 training course with a practical and oral exam. Candidates will be provided with course study notes. Who are the qualifications for? The City and Guilds 7543 qualification is for those who are already practising in the industry, or for those whose aim is to enter the industry and for those wanting to gain a certificate for their own personal skills development. This City and Guilds 7543 course is arranged in the following sections: Legislative and organisational requirements and procedures Operating principles and functional requirements including environmental and legal requirements Health & Safety/environmental requirements Environmental issues Legislation and regulations Use and application of special purpose tools, equipment and materials needed for system recovery Identification, recovery and charging Leak detection Disposal, recycling or destruction of waste

Memory Book: Create The Life You Love. Over 3-weeks/sessions, this course will take you, through the construction of this attractive die cut memory book. You will produce a memory book as shown to embellish with your own memories and thoughts, or to give to someone for them to embellish themselves. If you have no previous paper crafting experience, this course will introduce you to some of the basic materials, tools, equipment and techniques used in paper crafting and mixed media work. The course is suitable for experienced crafters too! You will be sent all the materials and equipment needed to complete the course.

SIP training course description A hands on course covering IP telephony with SIP. The course starts with a brief review of knowledge students should already possess including RTP and RTCP. The main focus is on SIP though, progressing from what SIP is through SIP signalling, call processing and architectures, moving onto more advanced issues including security, multimedia, and interoperability. Hands-on practicals follow each major theory session. What will you learn Explain how SIP works. Analyse SIP packets. Deploy SIP IP telephony solutions. Integrate SIP with other telephony solutions. SIP training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with SIP. Prerequisites: Definitive VoIP for engineers Duration 3 days SIP training course contents VoIP review What is VoIP? Brief review of IP, Brief review of telephones and voice. RTP, RTCP, mixers and translators. Hands on Analysing RTP packets. What is SIP? Why SIP? SIP history, SIP standards, SIP capabilities, key services, how SIP works, and a basic SIP call. Hands on Peer to peer SIP. SIP messages SIP sessions, SIP flows, Message structure, INVITE, ACK, BYE, CANCEL, OPTIONS, REGISTER. Extension methods. Response codes. SIP call flows. Hands on Analysing SIP packets. SIP architectures UA client, UA server, Proxy servers, Redirect servers, registrars. SIP phones, gateways, application servers, and other products. Stateful and stateless servers. Various call scenarios. Hands on SIP proxies. SIP addressing URLs, SIP addresses, registration, Location and Directory servers. Address tracking. Hands on SIP and DNS. Supplementary services SIP signalling, signalling compression, Call hold, Call forwarding, Home and away scenarios, transfers, conferences, call control. Hands on Analysing SIP supplementary services. SDP What is SDP? Multimedia, multimedia session announcement, invitation and others. Relationship with SIP. Hands on Video conferencing with SIP. SIP security Access control, Authentication, encryption, firewalls. Hands on SIP authentication. Interoperability Inter working with PSTN, ISUP to SIP mapping, SIP and 3G, SIP-T, SIP and SIGTRAN. SIP and H323. Hands on SIP and gateways. SIP mobility Terminal mobility, service mobility, personal mobility, Mobile IP, SIP signalling flows in 3G.

Total PHP training course description PHP provides for the creation of dynamic web sites. This hands on training course looks at programming with PHP with an emphasis of building dynamic websites. Forms, state management and database integration are all covered with practicals used throughout the course to reinforce theory sessions. What will you learn Create dynamic web sites using PHP. Write PHP programs. Debug PHP programs. Examine existing code and determine its function. Total PHP training course details Who will benefit: Anyone creating dynamic web sites. Prerequisites: Software development fundamentals Duration 3 days Total PHP training course contents What is PHP? PHP history, dynamic web pages, how PHP works, alternatives to PHP. Downloading and installing PHP. Installing MySQL, installing Apache, platform issues. A first PHP web page A basic PHP script, PHP page structure. PHP comments. Integrating PHP and HTML. PHP forms HTML forms, taking values from forms. PHP and HTML Page inputs, environment inputs. phpinfo(), other form elements, sticky fields, generalised code, tables, forms, form elements, style sheets, JavaScript. Variables operators and expressions Expressions, data types, assignments, scope, constants, HTTP environment variables, getting data from forms using variables. Operators Arithmetic, logical, relational, Boolean, others. Control statements Conditional: if, else, elseif, switch. Loops: while, do while, for, break, continue, exit. Functions Built in functions, declaration, arguments, scope, loading functions from other files, defaulting parameters, call by value/ name. Arrays Indexes, array initialisation, array manipulation, multi dimensional arrays, array functions. String handling What is a string, string functions, matching, extraction, replacement. String operations, cleansing, sprintf, formatting web pages, strops and others, splitting strings, REs. PHP and databases Database structure, Database APIs, MySQL, Creating tables, Editing tables, simple SQL queries using PHP, building HTML tables using SQL queries, SQL injection, security issues, error handling. File I/O Opening, reading, writing files. Permissions, ownership, locking, directories. PHP, cookies and sessions State, Cookie properties, setting cookies, retrieving cookies, expiring/deleting cookies. Sessions, session variables, session IDs. PHP and email Emailing from servers, attachments. Objects OOP, PHP classes, constructors, instances.