8279 Admin courses

Are you ready to unlock the secret to crafting captivating lessons that leave a lasting impact on your students? Imagine stepping into your classroom with confidence, armed with the expertise to design lessons that not only educate but inspire. Delve into the art of lesson planning with our meticulously curated course, where each module acts as a beacon guiding you through the intricacies of educational design. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Discover the foundational principles behind effective teaching methodologies, ensuring every moment in the classroom is purposeful and engaging. From understanding the nuances of curriculum development to mastering the art of incorporating cutting-edge technology, this course equips you with the tools needed to create dynamic learning experiences. Explore the anatomy of a well-structured lesson, learning how to seamlessly integrate objectives and learning aims to drive student success. Embrace the journey of educational enlightenment as you navigate through the realms of assessment and evaluation, empowering you to measure progress accurately and adjust your approach accordingly. With a blend of theory and practical insights, this course is your gateway to becoming a master architect of education, sculpting lessons that ignite curiosity and foster a love for learning. Elevate your teaching prowess and embark on a transformative voyage towards educational excellence. Course Curriculum Module 01: An Introduction to Planning and Teaching Module 02: Planning and Preparation in Teaching Module 03: Curriculum Module 04: Structure and Format Module 05: Methodology Module 06: Objectives and Learning Aims Module 07: Assessment and Evaluation Module 08: Incorporating Technology in Lesson Planning Learning Outcomes: Plan effective lessons integrating diverse teaching methodologies for engagement. Develop clear learning objectives aligning with curriculum standards effectively. Implement assessment strategies to evaluate student progress and learning outcomes. Utilize technology tools to enhance lesson delivery and student engagement. Adapt lesson plans to accommodate diverse student needs and abilities. Demonstrate understanding of curriculum structure and format in lesson planning. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Aspiring teachers seeking foundational knowledge in lesson planning methods. Experienced educators aiming to refine their lesson planning skills. Teaching assistants looking to enhance their contribution to lesson preparation. Education administrators interested in understanding the lesson planning process. Individuals considering a career change to teaching or education-related roles. Career path Primary School Teacher Secondary School Teacher Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO) Curriculum Developer Education Consultant Teaching Assistant Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Are you ready to unlock the secret to crafting captivating lessons that leave a lasting impact on your students? Imagine stepping into your classroom with confidence, armed with the expertise to design lessons that not only educate but inspire. Delve into the art of lesson planning with our meticulously curated course, where each module acts as a beacon guiding you through the intricacies of educational design. Key Features: CPD Certified Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Discover the foundational principles behind effective teaching methodologies, ensuring every moment in the classroom is purposeful and engaging. From understanding the nuances of curriculum development to mastering the art of incorporating cutting-edge technology, this course equips you with the tools needed to create dynamic learning experiences. Explore the anatomy of a well-structured lesson, learning how to seamlessly integrate objectives and learning aims to drive student success. Embrace the journey of educational enlightenment as you navigate through the realms of assessment and evaluation, empowering you to measure progress accurately and adjust your approach accordingly. With a blend of theory and practical insights, this course is your gateway to becoming a master architect of education, sculpting lessons that ignite curiosity and foster a love for learning. Elevate your teaching prowess and embark on a transformative voyage towards educational excellence. Course Curriculum Module 01: An Introduction to Planning and Teaching Module 02: Planning and Preparation in Teaching Module 03: Curriculum Module 04: Structure and Format Module 05: Methodology Module 06: Objectives and Learning Aims Module 07: Assessment and Evaluation Module 08: Incorporating Technology in Lesson Planning Learning Outcomes: Plan effective lessons integrating diverse teaching methodologies for engagement. Develop clear learning objectives aligning with curriculum standards effectively. Implement assessment strategies to evaluate student progress and learning outcomes. Utilize technology tools to enhance lesson delivery and student engagement. Adapt lesson plans to accommodate diverse student needs and abilities. Demonstrate understanding of curriculum structure and format in lesson planning. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Aspiring teachers seeking foundational knowledge in lesson planning methods. Experienced educators aiming to refine their lesson planning skills. Teaching assistants looking to enhance their contribution to lesson preparation. Education administrators interested in understanding the lesson planning process. Individuals considering a career change to teaching or education-related roles. Career path Primary School Teacher Secondary School Teacher Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO) Curriculum Developer Education Consultant Teaching Assistant Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Are you looking to enhance your communication skills within the healthcare field? Our comprehensive course, "English for Healthcare Roles," is meticulously crafted to empower healthcare professionals with essential language tools and specialized knowledge. Whether you're a nurse, medical assistant, or healthcare administrator, mastering effective communication is crucial. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the "English for Healthcare Roles" course, learners will gain essential knowledge to communicate effectively in healthcare settings. They will develop a strong grasp of human anatomy and medical terminology, enabling them to discuss body systems such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal, central nervous, and immune systems. Learners will also become familiar with medical equipment, instruments, and laboratory tests commonly used in healthcare practices. The course emphasizes adapting communication to meet patients' needs, teaching interviewing techniques, and fostering professional communication and behavior. By the end, learners will be equipped with the language skills and confidence to interact professionally with patients, colleagues, and healthcare professionals in a variety of medical contexts. Course Curriculum Module 01: Human Body Vocabulary With Pictures Module 02: Cardiovascular System Module 03: Respiratory System Module 04: Digestive System Module 05: Musculoskeletal System Module 06: Central Nervous System Module 07: Blood and Immunity System Module 08: Equipment, Instrument and Lab Test Module 09: Acronyms and Abbreviation Module 10: Adapting Communication to a Patient's Ability to Understand Module 11: Interviewing Techniques Module 12: Professional Communication and Behaviour Learning Outcomes Identify human body parts using illustrated vocabulary. Explain cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems' functions concisely. Describe musculoskeletal and central nervous systems' basic structures accurately. Outline blood and immunity systems' roles in human health comprehensively. Recognize medical equipment, instruments, and laboratory tests efficiently. Adapt communication to patient understanding levels effectively in healthcare settings. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Healthcare students needing foundational English language skills. Medical professionals enhancing communication in clinical environments. Foreign healthcare workers improving English proficiency. Health educators teaching medical terminology and patient interaction. Non-native English speakers aiming for healthcare roles in the UK. Career path Healthcare Assistant Medical Receptionist Phlebotomist Physiotherapy Assistant Clinical Support Worker Medical Laboratory Assistant Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Prepare for a vital role in healthcare with our comprehensive Pharmacy Assistant Training course. Designed to equip you with essential skills and knowledge, this program covers every aspect of pharmacy operations, from customer interaction to medication dispensation. Key Features: CPD Certified Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In this Pharmacy Assistant Training curriculum, learners will gain essential knowledge and skills for working effectively in pharmacy settings. They will understand the role and responsibilities of pharmacy assistants and technicians, including health and safety practices and pharmaceutical terminology. Communication skills specific to pharmacy environments will be developed, ensuring clear interaction with customers and colleagues. Inventory management techniques will be learned to maintain efficient pharmacy operations. Learners will also be trained in dispensing methods, using Electronic Prescription Service (EPS), and minimizing dispensing errors. They will gain insights into prescription handling and the importance of following Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for safety and compliance. Understanding the dynamics of the pharmacy team and their practices will prepare them for collaborative work environments. Additionally, they will be equipped with the necessary skills for patient counselling, enhancing their ability to provide valuable healthcare advice and support to pharmacy clients. Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Pharmacy Assistant and Pharmacy Technician Module 02: Health and Safety Risks Assessment and Pharmaceutical Terminology Module 03: Communication in Pharmacy Settings Module 04: Inventory Control and Management in Pharmacies Module 05: Dispensing Methods, EPS, Minimising Dispensing Errors in Pharmacies Module 06: Prescription and Dispensing in Pharmacies Module 07: Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Module 08: The Pharmacy Team and Practices Module 09: Job Role of Pharmacy Technicians Module 10: Pharmacy Assistant Patient Counselling Guide Learning Outcomes Understand roles of pharmacy assistants and technicians in healthcare settings. Apply pharmaceutical terminology and assess health and safety risks effectively. Demonstrate effective communication within pharmacy environments. Manage pharmacy inventory and implement control measures efficiently. Execute dispensing methods, including Electronic Prescription Service (EPS), to minimize errors. Provide patient counselling adhering to standard operating procedures (SOPs). CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Individuals aspiring to work in pharmacy settings. Those interested in healthcare support roles. Students aiming for entry-level pharmacy assistant positions. Career changers seeking roles in pharmaceutical environments. Anyone looking to enhance knowledge in pharmacy operations. Career path Pharmacy Assistant Pharmacy Technician Dispensary Assistant Pharmaceutical Administrator Prescription Assistant Healthcare Support Worker Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Unlock the essential knowledge needed to navigate the complexities of workplace regulations with our comprehensive "Basics of Employment Law" course. Designed for professionals aiming to understand and apply fundamental legal principles in employment contexts, this course covers essential modules to equip you with practical insights and compliance strategies. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the Basics of Employment Law course, learners will gain a comprehensive understanding of the laws that govern workplaces. They will learn about the legalities involved in recruiting employees, including the rights and responsibilities of both employers and job applicants. Understanding employment contracts will equip learners with the knowledge to navigate the terms and conditions of employment agreements effectively. The course covers important aspects such as workplace discrimination and the rights related to parental leave, sick pay, and pension schemes. Learners will also delve into health and safety regulations to ensure a safe working environment. They will learn about employee monitoring and data protection laws, crucial for maintaining privacy and security at work. The course further explores the creation and significance of employee handbooks. Learners will grasp the concepts of minimum wage laws and disciplinary procedures, including the processes involved in dismissal, handling grievances, and participating in employment tribunals. Course Curriculum Module 01: Basics of Employment Law Module 02: Legal Recruitment Process Module 03: Employment Contracts Module 04: Discrimination in the Workplace Module 05: Parental Rights, Sick Pay and Pension Scheme Module 06: Health & Safety at Work Module 07: Workplace Monitoring and Data Protection Module 08: Employee Handbook Module 09: National Minimum Wage & National Living Wage Module 10: Disciplinary Procedure Module 11: Dismissal, Grievances and Employment Tribunals Learning Outcomes: Understand key principles of employment law and its application. Demonstrate knowledge of legal requirements in recruitment processes. Explain the components and implications of employment contracts. Identify types of workplace discrimination and legal protections. Describe rights related to parental leave, sick pay, and pensions. Outline health and safety obligations and employee responsibilities at work. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? HR professionals seeking legal compliance knowledge. Small business owners managing employee contracts and disputes. Individuals entering HR or administrative roles in organizations. Legal professionals expanding expertise into employment law. Managers aiming to improve workplace compliance and employee relations. Career path HR Officer Legal Advisor Compliance Manager Employee Relations Specialist Recruitment Consultant Business Owner Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Are you ready to step into the dynamic world of mortgage advising? Our comprehensive Mortgage Adviser Training equips you with the essential knowledge and skills to excel in this rewarding career. Whether you're starting fresh or looking to enhance your existing expertise, this course offers a strategic blend of theory and practical insights to prepare you for success. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access In the Mortgage Adviser Training course, learners will gain a comprehensive understanding of the mortgage industry and the role of a mortgage adviser. They will learn about the fundamental aspects of mortgage purchases, including how mortgages work and their financial implications. The course covers the specifics of the UK mortgage market, including different borrower profiles and their needs. Learners will also explore the perspective of home buyers, understanding their motivations and challenges. Importantly, the curriculum includes detailed insights into UK mortgage regulations and laws, ensuring learners grasp the legal framework that governs mortgage advising. The course also delves into the Mortgage Conduct of Business (MCOB), providing essential knowledge on ethical practices and regulatory requirements. By the end, learners will be equipped with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed as competent and successful mortgage advisers in the UK market. Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Mortgage and Mortgage Adviser Module 02: Basics of Mortgage Purchase Module 03: Mortgage Finances Module 04: UK Mortgage Market and Borrowers Module 05: Understanding the Buyer's Perspective Module 06: Mortgage Regulation and Law UK Module 07: The Mortgage Conduct of Business (MCOB), Part 1 Module 08: The Mortgage Conduct of Business (MCOB), Part 2 Module 09: Being a Successful Mortgage Advisor Learning Outcomes: Understand Mortgage basics, roles, and responsibilities of Mortgage Advisers. Explain the process of Mortgage purchase and its legal implications. Analyze Mortgage finances including interest rates and repayment options. Identify key features of the UK Mortgage market and borrower profiles. Evaluate buyer perspectives to tailor Mortgage advice effectively. Demonstrate knowledge of Mortgage regulation, law, and MCOB guidelines. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Individuals aspiring to become Mortgage Advisers in the UK. Professionals seeking comprehensive Mortgage market understanding. Anyone interested in Mortgage finance and legal aspects. Those looking to advise on Mortgage products effectively. Candidates preparing for roles in Mortgage consultancy. Career path Mortgage Adviser Mortgage Consultant Mortgage Broker Mortgage Underwriter Mortgage Administrator Mortgage Compliance Officer Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

In a world where our furry friends are more than just companions but cherished members of our families, it's imperative to be prepared for any unforeseen circumstance. Imagine being equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide immediate aid when your canine companion faces a health crisis. This isn't just a dream; it's the reality offered by our comprehensive online course. Key Features: CPD Certified Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Discover a journey that starts with a warm introduction, guiding you seamlessly into the realm of canine first aid. From understanding the basics to delving deep into specific medical conditions and their treatments, each module is crafted with precision and care. Picture yourself confidently administering cardiopulmonary resuscitation, swiftly applying dressings and bandages, or soothing your pet through pododermatitis. But it doesn't stop there; our course equips you with the foresight to prevent crises, ensuring your beloved furry friend's health and safety at all times. Enroll now to embark on a transformative learning experience that not only enriches your understanding of canine first aid but empowers you to become your pet's ultimate guardian. Join a community of dedicated pet lovers and embark on a journey where every lesson learned is a step closer to ensuring your canine companion's well-being. Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to the course Module 02: Introduction to Canine First Aid Module 03: First Aid Kits for Canine Module 04: Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Resuscitation (CRP) Module 05: Dressing and Bandage Module 06: Canine Pododermatitis Module 07: Different Medical Conditions and Treatment of Canine Module 08: Preventing a Health and Safety Crisis Learning Outcomes: Identify canine first aid essentials for emergency situations. Demonstrate proper techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on dogs. Prepare and utilize effective first aid kits tailored for canines. Apply dressing and bandaging methods to treat canine injuries. Evaluate and address pododermatitis issues in canine companions. Recognize various medical conditions in dogs and provide appropriate treatment. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Dog owners seeking to enhance their pet care skills. Veterinarians or vet assistants expanding their knowledge base. Animal shelter staff ensuring the welfare of sheltered dogs. Pet groomers interested in improving their service offerings. Dog trainers aiming to provide comprehensive care to their clients' pets. Career path Veterinary Nurse Animal Welfare Officer Dog Groomer Animal Shelter Manager Pet Care Assistant Canine Behaviourist Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

In today's financial landscape, the role of a Credit Control Analyst is indispensable. This course equips individuals with the necessary skills to excel in this critical field. Through modules like Credit Control Fundamentals, Risk Evaluation, and Effective Debt Management, participants gain expertise in managing credit and evaluating risks, vital for maintaining financial stability. With an increasing demand for credit management professionals in the UK, mastering these skills opens up abundant job opportunities. The average salary for Credit Control Analysts in the UK stands at £30,000 per annum, reflecting the industry's recognition of their importance. Additionally, with a 10% growth in credit management roles anticipated in the coming years, undertaking this course ensures a competitive edge in the job market. Moreover, by focusing on compliance, customer communication, and leveraging financial tools, individuals enhance their value in this evolving sector. As businesses increasingly rely on credit control for financial health, mastering the nuances of this discipline through this course becomes paramount for career advancement and professional success. Key Features: CPD Certified Credit Control Analyst Course Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum: Module 01: Credit Control Fundamentals Module 02: Managing Credit Module 03: Risk Evaluation and Credit Scoring Techniques Module 04: Effective Debt Management Module 05: Enhancing Customer Communication Module 06: Compliance in Credit Control Module 07: Analysis and Reporting in Finance Module 08: Utilizing Tools and Technologies in Credit Control Learning Outcomes: Understand principles of credit control for financial stability and efficiency. Apply credit management strategies to mitigate financial risks effectively. Analyze creditworthiness using risk assessment and scoring techniques proficiently. Implement debt management procedures to optimize financial recovery processes. Enhance customer relations through effective communication in credit control practices. Ensure adherence to credit control regulations and compliance standards consistently. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? This Credit Control Analyst course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Credit Control Analyst. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Finance professionals seeking credit control expertise. Business administrators aiming to enhance financial management skills. Graduates pursuing careers in credit risk analysis and management. Individuals aspiring to work in debt recovery and financial consulting. Entrepreneurs looking to improve credit control within their businesses. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Credit Control Analyst course. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Credit Control Analyst course. Career path After finishing this Credit Control Analyst course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Credit Control Analyst are: Credit Controller - £22K to 35K/year. Credit Analyst - £25K to 40K/year. Risk Analyst - £28K to 45K/year. Financial Analyst - £30K to 50K/year. Compliance Officer - £25K to 45K/year. Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication The purpose of this course is to provide everyone who is involved in the care sector with the essential knowledge required to provide the best professional approach to the managing and safe handling of medicines. The Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication in Health & Social Care qualification covers the different medications and their applications. You will also learn how to safely store and dispose of medicines, how to administer medicines safely, and how to ensure that record-keeping and audits are completed properly. Learning Outcomes After completing Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication course, the learner will be able to: Gain a general understanding of different types of medication and their use. Gain in-depth knowledge of the procedures for obtaining, storing, administering and disposing of medication. Understand the legislation and the audit process related to medication and issues of responsibility and accountability. Understand the record-keeping process for medication. Main Course : Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication Free Courses: Course 01: Level 3 Diploma in Healthcare Support Course 02: Social Worker: Social Work Diploma Course 03: Diploma in Mastering Psychology Course 04: Drug and Alcohol Awareness Training Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication Course Curriculum of Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication Module 01: Understand Medication and Prescriptions Module 02: Supply, Storage and Disposal of Medication Module 03: Understand the Requirements for the Safe Administration of Medication Module 04: Record Keeping and Audit Processes for Medication Certification of Safe Handling of Medication After completing the MCQ/Assignment assessment for Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication course, you will be entitled to a Certificate of Completion from Training Tale. Who is this course for? Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication This Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication qualification is ideal for students who want to improve their knowledge of the safe handling of medicines. Requirements Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication There are no specific requirements for this Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication course because it does not require any advanced knowledge or skills. Career path Level 2 Certificate in Understanding the Safe Handling of Medication Certificates Certificate of completion Digital certificate - Included

In the modern world, Emergency Care for Canines Course is indispensable for both pet owners and professionals alike. With the increasing number of households embracing furry companions, the significance of ensuring their well-being cannot be overstated. Learning this skill equips individuals with the necessary knowledge and techniques to provide immediate Care in critical situations. From administering CPR to managing injuries with dressing and bandages, the Course covers a comprehensive curriculum designed to address various health crises that Canines may encounter. Mastering these skills not only enhances daily life by ensuring the safety and health of beloved pets but also opens up professional opportunities. In the UK, where the demand for skilled Canine caregivers is on the rise, possessing such expertise significantly boosts job prospects. The average salary for Emergency Canine Care professionals in the UK ranges from £20,000 to £25,000 per annum. With the pet Care sector experiencing a steady increase in demand, this Course offers a promising avenue for career advancement, with job opportunities expected to rise by 10-15% in the coming years. Key Features: CPD Certified Emergency Care for Canines Course Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Canine First Aid Module 02: First Aid Kits for Canine Module 03: Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Resuscitation (CRP) Module 04: Dressing and Bandage Module 05: Canine Pododermatitis Module 06: Different Medical Conditions and Treatment of Canine Module 07: Preventing a Health and Safety Crisis Module 08: Pregnancy, Birth and Newborn Care Learning Outcomes: Identify vital components for canine first aid kits. Demonstrate effective Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) techniques for canines. Apply appropriate dressing and bandaging methods for various canine injuries. Recognize and address pododermatitis in canines with tailored care. Analyze and treat diverse medical conditions affecting canine companions. Implement preventive strategies to safeguard canine health and safety. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? This Emergency Care for Canines course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Emergency Care for Canines. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Pet Owners looking to enhance their canine caregiving skills. Animal Enthusiasts aspiring to be proactive in canine health. Veterinary Assistants seeking supplementary knowledge. Dog Walkers and Pet Sitters desiring comprehensive canine care expertise. Animal Shelter Volunteers devoted to ensuring canine well-being. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Emergency Care for Canines course. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Emergency Care for Canines course. Career path After finishing this Emergency Care for Canines course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Emergency Care for Canines are: Veterinary Nurse - £18K to 30K/year. Animal Welfare Officer - £20K to 25K/year. Dog Trainer - £15K to 25K/year. Pet Store Manager - £20K to 30K/year. Animal Shelter Manager - £22K to 35K/year. Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.