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Join us for a compelling webinar featuring leading specialists from the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square London, and Thornbury Radiosurgery Centre, Sheffield. This session will explore the newest developments in Cavernoma management and offer a detailed review of the results from the Cavernomas A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) trial, recently featured in The Lancet Neurology.
Introduction When it comes to academic writing, referencing is crucial. It’s not just about giving credit where it’s due, but also about enhancing the credibility of your work. Among the various referencing styles, Harvard referencing for word essays is one of the most widely used, especially in the UK. But why is it so popular, and how can you master it? Let’s dive in! Understanding Harvard Referencing Harvard referencing is a system of citation that allows you to acknowledge the sources you’ve used in your academic writing. It’s an author-date system, which means you include the author’s surname and the year of publication within the text, and provide full details in a reference list at the end. Despite its name, Harvard references didn’t originate from Harvard University. The style was first used by a zoologist named Edward Laurens Mark in a paper published in 1881. Over time, it has evolved and become one of the most recognized citation styles worldwide. Harvard referencing consists of two main components: in-text citations and a reference list. In-text citations are brief and are placed within the body of your text, while the reference list provides full details of all the sources you’ve cited. The Basics of Harvard Referencing In-text citations in Harvard referencing include the author’s surname and the year of publication. If you’re quoting directly, you should also include the page number. For example: (Smith, 2020, p. 23). The reference list is where you provide full details of each source cited in your work. Each entry should include the author’s name, year of publication, title of the work, and other relevant information, depending on the type of source. A reference list includes only the sources you’ve directly cited in your text, while a bibliography may include all sources you’ve consulted, whether or not you’ve cited them. How to Cite Different Types of Sources When citing a book, you should include the author’s name, year of publication, title (in italics), edition (if applicable), place of publication, and publisher. For example: Smith, J. (2020). The Art of Referencing (2nd ed.). London: Academic Press. Journal articles should include the author’s name, year of publication, title of the article, title of the journal (in italics), volume number, issue number, and page numbers. For example: Brown, A. (2019). ‘Understanding Harvard Referencing’, Journal of Academic Writing, 12(3), pp. 45-67. For websites, include the author (or organization), year of publication (or last update), title of the webpage (in italics), and the URL. For example: University of Oxford. (2021). Harvard Referencing Guide. Available at: https://www.ox.ac.uk/harvard (Accessed: 10 September 2024). When citing a newspaper article, include the author’s name, year of publication, title of the article, title of the newspaper (in italics), date, and page number. For example: Doe, J. (2022). ‘The Future of Academic Writing’, The Times, 5 May, p. 12. For government documents, include the name of the government department, year of publication, title of the document (in italics), place of publication, and publisher. For example: UK Department for Education. (2020). Education Policy Report. London: HMSO. Cite conference papers by including the author’s name, year of publication, title of the paper, title of the conference (in italics), location, and date of the conference. For example: Jones, M. (2023). ‘Innovations in Academic Writing’, International Writing Conference, Manchester, 10-12 April. Harvard Referencing for Electronic Sources When citing e-books, the format is similar to print books, but you should include the format (e.g., Kindle) or the platform where it’s available. For example: Adams, R. (2018). Digital Referencing (Kindle ed.). Available at: Amazon.co.uk. For online journals, follow the same format as print journals, but include the DOI or the URL where the article can be accessed. For example: Taylor, S. (2021). ‘Harvard Referencing in the Digital Age’, Journal of Modern Research, 15(4), pp. 33-50. DOI: 10.1234/jmr.2021.0987. The format for websites remains the same as mentioned earlier, with the inclusion of the URL and the access date. For social media, include the author (or username), year, content of the post (in italics), platform, and the date of the post. For example: @AcademicWriterUK. (2023). The key to successful referencing is consistency. Twitter, 15 March. Advanced Harvard Referencing Techniques When you can’t access the original source and need to cite a secondary source, mention both the original and secondary source. For example: (Smith, 1989, cited in Brown, 2019). For works with multiple authors, list up to three authors in the in-text citation. For more than three, use “et al.” after the first author’s name. For example: (Jones, Smith, and Brown, 2020) or (Jones et al., 2020). If you’re citing different editions of a book, mention the edition in your reference. For example: Brown, A. (2018). Theories of Learning (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. If some information is missing, like the author or date, use “Anon.” for anonymous authors and “n.d.” for no date. Common Harvard Referencing Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Incorrect formatting can easily occur if you’re not careful. Make sure to follow the correct structure for each type of source, as this can significantly impact your grade. Leaving out essential details like the author’s name or the year of publication is a common mistake. Always double-check your references before submitting your work. Punctuation is crucial in Harvard referencing. Misplacing a comma or period can change the meaning of your citation. Pay attention to the details! Tools and Resources for Harvard Referencing Online citation generators can save you time, but be cautious—always double-check the generated citations for accuracy. Tools like EndNote or Zotero can help you manage your references and ensure consistency throughout your work. Many universities provide specific guidelines for Harvard referencing. Always refer to your institution’s guidelines to ensure you’re following the correct format. The Importance of Consistency in Harvard Referencing Consistency is key in Harvard referencing. Uniformity in your citations not only makes your work look professional but also enhances readability. Inconsistent referencing can confuse readers and may lead to a lower grade. Make sure your citations follow a consistent style throughout your work. Tips for Mastering Harvard Referencing Always double-check your references before submission. Small errors can add up and impact your overall grade. Keep a record of all the sources you consult. This will make it easier to create your reference list and avoid missing any citations. Using a Harvard style guide can help ensure that you’re following the correct format. It’s a handy tool for quick reference. Conclusion Mastering Harvard referencing may seem daunting at first, but with practice and attention to detail, it becomes second nature. Remember, proper referencing not only supports your arguments but also adds credibility to your work. So, take your time, be consistent, and use the resources available to you.
Have you heard of Q fever? Catch up on this free informative session about the disease and how it impacts herds and flocks in the UK. We will share our findings and bring forward case information, where herds have been impacted by the disease and are now beginning to take control of the disease through a number of steps, including vaccination and biosecurity measures. Q Fever is a disease caused by infection with the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which can infect cattle, goats, sheep and many other mammals. Studies on the UK cattle herd indicate that Q fever is highly prevalent. Q fever is zoonotic, with those people in direct contact with ruminants at most risk – This will be a great opportunity for those working with livestock or going onto farms, to get the answers to the many questions that this disease raises. Watch our free webinar which explores the disease behind the “silent troublemaker” that is Coxiella burnetii. Find out how Q-Fever can affect your flock, cattle or goat herds, and some of the challenges with diagnosis and management. Your speakers We are delighted to be joined by our expert guest speakers to share their insights and experiences. Prof Jonathan Statham, MA VetMB DCHP FRCVS. Jonathan is Chief Executive at RAFT Solutions and Professor of Sustainable Livestock Health & Welfare at Harper and Keele Veterinary School, chairing the InSHAW research group there. He is a practicing independent farm veterinary surgeon, graduating from Cambridge University in 1996 and is a partner and chair of Bishopton Veterinary Group. Jonathan is a Fellow and Specialist of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons; in 2015 he was awarded the UK Dairy Vet of the year. He is Past-President of the British Cattle Veterinary Association (BCVA), has held a range of representative or policy linked roles and currently sits on the Veterinary Products Committee (VPC) of the VMD, the steering group of the Ruminant Health & Welfare Group and the EU ‘Q fever’ one health panel. He is chair of the Innovate UK Agriculture Sector Group and chair of the Defra Pathway Chairs Group. He is a Fellow of Askham Bryan College and chairs the Animal Health & Welfare Board for England at Defra. He has published widely in the field of sustainable food, herd health, precision livestock farming and breeding technologies. Current key industry roles; ~ Chair Animal Health & Welfare Board for England (AHWBE) ~ Fellow of Askham Bryan College ~ Veterinary Products Committee (VPC) of the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD), ~ Chair Animal Health & Welfare Pathway Chairs Group ~ Member of the GB Ruminant Health & Welfare Steering Group ~ Chair of innovate UK Agriculture Sector Group ~ Member Industry Cattle Mobility Steering Group ~ Member Johnes Disease technical Group ~ Member of International Embryo Transfer Society, Past key industry roles; ~ Past-President of the British Cattle Veterinary Association (BCVA), ~ GB ‘Cattle Health & Welfare Group (CHAWG), ~ GB ‘Sheep Health & Welfare Group’ (SHAWG), ~ Veterinary Policy Group (VPG) of the British Veterinary Association (BVA), ~ Past Director of the Cattle Health Certification Standards (CHeCS), ~ Past-President of the Yorkshire Veterinary Society (BVA) ~ Served on the Veterinary Residues committees (VRC) of the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD), ~ FarmSkills Steering Group Katherine Timms, BVetMed (Hons), MRCVS. Ruminant Veterinary Advisor, Ceva Animal Health Katherine grew up in Leicestershire and went to the Royal Veterinary College, graduating with honours in 2007 before working in mixed practices in the Midlands with dairy, beef and equine clients. Katherine has a busy home life being married to a beef and sheep farmer with three children and having an active involvement in rural life. Katherine joined Ceva Animal Health in 2014 as part of the technical team, covering the UK in the role of veterinary advisor for the ruminant part of the business. This webinar is suitable for vets, farmers, SQP’s and those in farm supporting roles.
Catch up with Dr Katie Lihou (University of Bristol), Phillipa Page (NADIS) and Matt Colston (ELANCO) for discussions around blowfly control. A review of the blowfly life cycle along with preventative management strategies and appropriate chemical use was discussed by Matt from ELANCO. Phillipa described effective treatments of clinically affected sheep to minimise compromised sheep welfare. Dr Lihou discussed the costs associated with prevention and treatment of clinical cases of blowfly using cost/benefit analysis modelling. The webinar was a useful refresher ahead of the blow fly season to ensure that knowledge is up to date for improved client and customer engagement. This event concluded with a Q&A session. This webinar, aimed at Vets, SQPS and farmers, was hosted by NADIS in association with Elanco. Dr Katie L Lihou, PhD, BSc Katie completed her PhD at the University of Bristol on the prevalence and distribution of livestock ectoparasites in the UK, in the department of Veterinary Parasitology and Ecology. Before her PhD, she studied 3 years of Veterinary Medicine, before moving into Biology. Katie is now a post-doctoral researcher working in the Bristol Vaccine Centre on infectious disease epidemiology and modelling. Phillipa Page, BVSc BSc MRCVS Phillipa qualified from Liverpool Vet School in 2006 and started her first job in Neath, South Wales in a mixed practice. Following a short time as a locum dairy vet in Devon she then joined Wood Vet group in 2009 as a large animal vet. Her work was predominantly dairy but she had a special interest in sheep and developed the sheep side of the practice. In 2016 she then moved to specialize in sheep veterinary work with Flock Health Ltd. This involves a mixture of consultancy flock health work, farmer and vet CPD training and collaboration with retailers, processors and pharmaceutical companies and industry levy bodies. Phillipa was part of the co design groups for the DEFRA Animal Health and Welfare Pathway and Endemics disease program. Phillipa also works with NADIS (National Animal Disease Information Service) as the sheep lead on the Blowfly, parasite control, online health planning and disease alerts information. She has been a board member on the British Cattle Veterinary Association and the Sheep Veterinary Society and is the current conference organiser for the Sheep Veterinary Society and the current Junior Vice President. Phillipa co authored and published a book ‘Sheep Keeping’ as part of the professional small holders series by 5M Publishing and the chapter ‘Lameness’ in Differential Diagnosis in Sheep. 2022 Herriot Publications. She is involved with research and works on regular contributions to publications and is currently working towards a Diploma of the European College of Small Ruminant Health and Production. Outside of work she is a tenant farmer of 100 acres. Together with her husband and two boys she farms a flock of 300 commercial ewes and has a farm shop. Matt Colston, BVM & S, CertSHP, MRCVS Matt graduated from the R(D)SVS in Edinburgh in 1986. He then spent five years working in a mixed practice in Fife and the Borders before taking up a two-year demonstrator’s position (shared between R(D)SVS and SAC (Edinburgh Genetics), concentrating on equine reproduction and artificial breeding in small ruminants. He later obtained the Cert.SHP qualification before returning to general practice in Penrith, where he has worked since 1997. In November 2013, Matt joined Novartis Animal Health as a Veterinary Technical Advisor for the Farm Animal Team. When Novartis was acquired by Elanco, he continued in this role with the company. Also, Matt currently serves as the Chairman of Moredun Foundation's North of England Regional Board.
Information on the risks and practical advice to address them TSC's eBooks, whitepapers, and reports cover some of the most important risks in information and cyber security — risks that constantly challenge information and cyber security professionals who work tirelessly to reduce them across their organisations and home users alike.
Information on the risks and practical advice to address them TSC's eBooks, whitepapers, and reports cover some of the most important risks in information and cyber security — risks that constantly challenge information and cyber security professionals who work tirelessly to reduce them across their organisations and home users alike.