549 Interior Design courses

Data Ethics for Business Professionals is designed for individuals who are seeking to demonstrate an understanding of the ethical uses of data in business settings.

Interior decorating is the art of decoration of the interior of a building, house, or a room. Decorations will depend on the preference of the owner while considering its functionality. Interior decorating includes furniture restoration since it will help in creating a new look in a place. Provided in this course are both the skills in furniture restoration and interior decorating. Interior decorating is important as it provides an essence of the space that makes it livable and pleasing. Course Highlights Furniture Restoration & Interior Decorating Skills Training is an award winning and the best selling course that has been given the CPD Certification & IAO accreditation. It is the most suitable course anyone looking to work in this or relevant sector. It is considered one of the perfect courses in the UK that can help students/learners to get familiar with the topic and gain necessary skills to perform well in this field. We have packed Furniture Restoration & Interior Decorating Skills Training into 72 modules for teaching you everything you need to become successful in this profession. To provide you ease of access, this course is designed for both part-time and full-time students. You can become accredited in just 2 days, 12 hours hours and it is also possible to study at your own pace. We have experienced tutors who will help you throughout the comprehensive syllabus of this course and answer all your queries through email. For further clarification, you will be able to recognize your qualification by checking the validity from our dedicated website. Why You Should Choose Furniture Restoration & Interior Decorating Skills Training Lifetime access to the course No hidden fees or exam charges CPD Accredited certification on successful completion Full Tutor support on weekdays (Monday - Friday) Efficient exam system, assessment and instant results Download Printable PDF certificate immediately after completion Obtain the original print copy of your certificate, dispatch the next working day for as little as £9. Improve your chance of gaining professional skills and better earning potential. Who is this Course for? Furniture Restoration & Interior Decorating Skills Training is CPD certified and IAO accredited. This makes it perfect for anyone trying to learn potential professional skills. As there is no experience and qualification required for this course, it is available for all students from any academic backgrounds. Requirements Our Furniture Restoration & Interior Decorating Skills Training is fully compatible with any kind of device. Whether you are using Windows computer, Mac, smartphones or tablets, you will get the same experience while learning. Besides that, you will be able to access the course with any kind of internet connection from anywhere at any time without any kind of limitation. Career Path You will be ready to enter the relevant job market after completing this course. You will be able to gain necessary knowledge and skills required to succeed in this sector. All our Diplomas' are CPD and IAO accredited so you will be able to stand out in the crowd by adding our qualifications to your CV and Resume. Restoring Your Furniture WOOD FINISHING IN GENERAL FREE 01:00:00 PREPARATION OF NEW AND OLD SURFACES FREE 01:00:00 STAINS IN GENERAL 00:30:00 FACTORY PREPARED STAINS 00:30:00 WATER STAINS 01:00:00 STAIN BRUSHING AND PROCEDURE 01:00:00 PREPARING WOOD TO TAKE STAIN WITH EVEN COLOR EFFECT 01:00:00 THE USE OF WOOD FILLERS 01:00:00 VARNISH AND SHELLAC 01:00:00 VARNISHING, RUBBING, POLISHING 01:00:00 VARNISH DEFECTS AND THEIR CAUSES 01:00:00 LACQUERS 01:00:00 Interior Design Fundamentals Define a Theme: Contemporary, Cottage, Eclectic, Southwest FREE 01:00:00 Budget Design for Your Living Room, Den or Family Room 01:00:00 Budget Ideas for Kitchen Design 01:00:00 Budget Bedroom Makeover 01:00:00 Closet Cleanups 01:00:00 Need a Home Office? 00:30:00 Camouflage with Paint! 01:00:00 Faux Finishes Are Hot - Bare Walls Are Not! 00:30:00 Window Treatments 01:00:00 Making the Most of Molding 00:30:00 Fabulous Furniture Finds 00:30:00 Decorate With Wallpaper 01:00:00 Freehand or Stencil A Mural Makes the Wall! 01:00:00 Accessorize - Funky Can Be Fun! 01:00:00 Have Some Fun with Fabric! 01:00:00 Decorating House Interior HOW TO REARRANGE A ROOM FREE 02:00:00 HOW TO ANALYZE A ROOM AS PROFESSIONALS DO BEFORE YOU FREE 01:00:00 HOW TO CREATE A ROOM 02:00:00 HOW TO DETERMINE CHARACTERS OF HANGINGS AND FURNITURES-COVERING FOR A GIVEN ROOM 01:00:00 CANDLESTICKS, LAMPS, FIXTURES FOR GAS AND ELECTRICITY, AND SHADES 01:00:00 WINDOW SHADES AND AWNINGS 00:30:00 TREATMENT OF PICTURES AND PICTURE FRAMES 01:00:00 TREATMENT OF PIANO CASES 00:15:00 TREATMENT OF DINING-ROOM BUFFETS AND DRESSING-TABLES 00:15:00 TREATMENT OF WORK TABLES, BIRD CAGES, DOG BASKETS AND FISH GLOBES 00:30:00 TREATMENT OF FIREPLACES 00:30:00 TREATMENT OF BATHROOMS 01:00:00 PERIOD ROOMS 01:00:00 PERIODS IN FURNITURE 01:00:00 CONTINUATION OF PERIODS IN FURNITURE 01:00:00 THE GOTHIC PERIOD 00:30:00 THE RENAISSANCE 01:00:00 FRENCH FURNITURE 01:00:00 THE PERIODS OF THE THREE LOUIS 01:00:00 THE MAHOGANY PERIOD 02:00:00 THE COLONIAL PERIOD 00:30:00 THE REVIVAL OF DIRECTOIRE AND EMPIRE FURNITURE 00:30:00 THE VICTORIAN PERIOD 00:30:00 PAINTED FURNITURE 00:30:00 TREATMENT OF AN INEXPENSIVE BEDROOM 01:00:00 TREATMENT OF A GUEST ROOM (Where economy is not an item of importance) 01:00:00 A MODERN HOUSE IN WHICH GENUINE JACOBEAN FURNITURE IS APPROPRIATELY SET 00:30:00 UNCONVENTIONAL BREAKFAST-ROOMS AND SPORTS BALCONIES 01:00:00 SUN-ROOMS 01:00:00 TREATMENT OF A WOMAN'S DRESSING-ROOM 00:30:00 THE TREATMENT OF CLOSETS 00:30:00 TREATMENT OF A NARROW HALL 00:15:00 TREATMENT OF A VERY SHADED LIVING-ROOM 00:15:00 SERVANTS' ROOMS 00:15:00 THE BABY'S ROOMS: THE DAY ROOM, THE NIGHT ROOM 01:00:00 ROOMS FOR THE ELDERLY 01:00:00 A YOUNG GIRL'S ROOM 01:00:00 THE YOUNG BOY'S ROOM 00:30:00 TABLE DECORATION 01:00:00 WHAT TO AVOID IN INTERIOR DECORATION: RULES FOR BEGINNERS 01:00:00 FADS IN COLLECTING 01:00:00 WEDGWOOD POTTERY; OLD AND MODERN 01:00:00 ITALIAN POTTERY 00:15:00 VENETIAN GLASS, OLD AND MODERN 00:30:00 CONCLUSION 00:15:00 Mock Exam Final Exam

Discover the art of furniture restoration and interior decorating with our comprehensive course. Master wood finishing techniques, explore historical furniture periods, and develop skills in room analysis and decor selection. Perfect for aspiring restorers, decorators, and DIY enthusiasts.

Products & Technique’s Workshop Workshop Description: Want to talk paint? Have a play with colours and finishes? That's why we are so excited to team up with Sophie James Paints on this very special Two Day Technique Product Furniture Interior Workshop with Sophie James Decor Paint. ReVamp Boutique will be honoured to welcome Tony Cheeld from his Essex based family business. On this workshop you will have the chance to chat to him about technical queries, learn their sustainable ethos and how Sophie James Decor Paint products can transform every room of your home, furniture and garden with a Q&A . Day One you can experiment with all their latest products from their latest Light Dynamics range, paints, glazes and varnishes and discuss all those queries you have about preparation, application and colour mixing. Day Two you will using the techniques and knowledge you have learned on Day One and working on your own piece using Sophie James Decor Paint products and finishes. Interior design based Sarah Ashby-Bassett will be available to discuss paint colours schemes and interior colour choices for your home and how paint can transform your space. You will need to bring: A small piece of furniture like a table, bedside cabinet or small chair Any colour scheme ideas you may have for your furniture, colour drenching, feature walls and interiors What is included: All the materials, light lunch, refreshments through the days and a goodie bag to take away with you. 10% Off any purchases made for Sophie James Decor Paint throughout the two days Where & When: It takes places at our workshop at Tom's Farm Shop & Garden Centre, Maldon Road, Tiptree, Essex, CO5 0QA 10AM to 4PM There is ample parking. Terms & Conditions: We have the right to cancel, change venue or date if we do not fill enough spaces. In this event we will give you 7 days notice with the option of rebooking or a full refund. Share You may also like Barbola Art Workshop Regular price£95.00 Posh Veg Paint Regular priceFrom £5.95 Paint It & Upholster It Course Regular price£145.00 Christingle Paint Regular priceFrom £5.95 Write a ReviewExcellentBased on 43 Reviews Amanda TannerMarch, 2024I had the most wonderful therapeutic and inspiring two days with Sarah at Revamp Boutique; and finished with a beautiful bespoke piece of furniture that I can now use in my dining room. I thoroughly enjoyed rekindling my creative side and learning about the different techniques and potential when upcycling furniture! I will definitely be coming back! Thank you for a fab day! 🥰 Samantha DoughtyMarch, 2024Sarah is a really great teacher, lovely workshop, time flies when you're having fun!! Lots of tea and coffee and lovely homemade lunch...the best coleslaw ever! Skills learnt will stay with me and inspire my home decor x Anita HollandsMarch, 2024Thank you for a great day creating Barbola! enjoyed it all, you can tell the chef the Cream tea and sandwiches were exceptional. thought the workshop was amazing! Think I’m going to use the technique and create some handmade pressies. Thank you again. Helen OtterMarch, 2024Thoroughly enjoyed the workshop. Sarah shared lots of hints and tips, lovely warm person. Very pleased with my re vamped lamp table Lynne PintoMarch, 2024Fantastic day of learning how to upholster and paint a chair. A wealth of information and fun people to work with on the course. Thanks Sarah and Simon for such a great day - will definitely be back for more. Debra CrouchMarch, 2024Had a fabulous time using paint and decoupage to upcycle a very drab and unloved Ikea chest of drawers, into something beautiful which will now take pride of place! Thank you Sarah for your advice and enthusiasm - also for the lunches (home made coleslaw was ridiculously good!) Louise WatsonMarch, 2024Such a brilliant course! Very relaxed environment with lovely people and a tasty lunch. I learnt the fabric decoupage technique which was great, I completely transformed an unloved piece of furniture and gained the skills to go on and use the technique again for other items. I would highly recommend. Show all Reviews Workshops Fabric Decoupage Paper Decoupage Upcycle A Lampshade Painting With Sophie James Make A Memory Journal Paper Mache Wings Pimp Your Pumps Upcycle A Mirror Barbola Workshop Paint It & Upholster It Kid's Creative ReUse Workshop Work With Us Workshops For Sale Commissions ReVamp Retreat Sophie James Decor Paints Contact Us ReVamp Boutique, Tom's Farm Shop & Garden Nursery, Maldon Road, Tiptree, Essex, CO5 0QA Privacy Policy Refund Policy Terms Of Service Sitemap Twitter Facebook Pinterest Instagram YouTube Payment methods © 2024, ReVamp Boutique FurniturePowered by Shopify Chat1

Diploma Course in Practioner Crystal Therapy. This is a great learning journey into the world of Crystals and how Crystals, through their own growth process, can mirror our human existence and offer healing in ways we never thought possible. The course will give you insights into how Crystals and their energy can Heal the human anatomy both physically, emotionally and ethereally. This course will allow you to engage with the energy of the Crystal and therefore bring that energy forth to help with the healing process of self and others.

Introduction: Imagine a world where there was no right or wrong - one where everyone makes their own baseless rules and we are not bound by any laws, regulations, or compassion for others. This would be a world without ethics - and if you don't think that this would be a good situation, you can fully understand why ethics are so important. This course gives you an overview of the importance of ethics in our lives. It begins with a brief definition of what ethics are and how we can define this ideal and continues with an introduction about why it is important to live an ethical life. This course also examines the different elements that make up ethics and while explaining this, you further can see how important ethics are in everything we do, from communicating with others and the decisions we make at work, to what we believe is 'right' or 'wrong'.   What You Will Learn: How to define ethics in an easy to understand way Why it is so difficult to define ethics across the board Reasons why ethics are so important throughout our lives Why there are so many elements that go into ethics How ethics can affect every decision we make Benefits of Taking This Course: Learn more about what ethics involve and how to make ethical decisions Learn about why you should create your own definition of what is ethical Understand why understanding ethics is so important and why asking questions about ethics might lead to more questions than answers Learn what elements go into creating the ideal of ethics and how these parts work together to help us in our actions, values and goals If you are interested in learning more about why ethics make us safer, this course can give you information on this

Recognised Accreditation This course is accredited by continuing professional development (CPD). CPD UK is globally recognised by employers, professional organisations, and academic institutions, thus a certificate from CPD Certification Service creates value towards your professional goal and achievement. The Quality Licence Scheme is a brand of the Skills and Education Group, a leading national awarding organisation for providing high-quality vocational qualifications across a wide range of industries. What is CPD? Employers, professional organisations, and academic institutions all recognise CPD, therefore a credential from CPD Certification Service adds value to your professional goals and achievements. Benefits of CPD Improve your employment prospects Boost your job satisfaction Promotes career advancement Enhances your CV Provides you with a competitive edge in the job market Demonstrate your dedication Showcases your professional capabilities What is IPHM? The IPHM is an Accreditation Board that provides Training Providers with international and global accreditation. The Practitioners of Holistic Medicine (IPHM) accreditation is a guarantee of quality and skill. Benefits of IPHM It will help you establish a positive reputation in your chosen field You can join a network and community of successful therapists that are dedicated to providing excellent care to their client You can flaunt this accreditation in your CV It is a worldwide recognised accreditation What is Quality Licence Scheme? This course is endorsed by the Quality Licence Scheme for its high-quality, non-regulated provision and training programmes. The Quality Licence Scheme is a brand of the Skills and Education Group, a leading national awarding organisation for providing high-quality vocational qualifications across a wide range of industries. Benefits of Quality License Scheme Certificate is valuable Provides a competitive edge in your career It will make your CV stand out Course Curriculum Introduction Introduction to Chapters 00:04:00 The Impact of Fashion & Colour Trends The Impact of Fashion and Colour Trends 00:04:00 Colour Terminology Colour Terminology 00:04:00 Colour Basics and Neutral Colours Colour Basics and Neutral Colours 00:05:00 Warm vs. Cool Colours Warm vs. Cool Colours 00:03:00 Colour Schemes Colour Schemes 00:11:00 Colour Ratios and Applications Colour Ratios and Applications 00:05:00 Using Colour To Trick The Eye Using Colour To Trick The Eye 00:04:00 Conclusion Conclusion 00:01:00 Assessment Assessment - Colour In Interiors 00:10:00 Certificate of Achievement Certificate of Achievement 00:00:00 Get Your Insurance Now Get Your Insurance Now 00:00:00 Feedback Feedback 00:00:00

Boost Your Career with Apex Learning and Get Noticed By Recruiters in this Hiring Season! Gnd get Hard Copy + PDF Certificates + Transcript + Student ID Card worth £160 as a Gift - Enrol Now By doing things yourself, you can save sooo much. If you think you aren't skilled enough (we promise you are!) and don't trust yourself to put up a flat-pack shelf, you can still save money by doing things yourself. Anything you can name to improve your home costs thousands of pounds! From interior design, painting, plasterwork, replacing windows, installing door locks, switching lights, landscaping, plumbing, treating dampness, to setting a burglar alarm. But if you have the right tools and know-how to do it yourself, then you can save big bucks and even plan for a refreshing holiday in Hawaii with that money. Our comprehensive courses on DIY Home Improvement will introduce you to the necessary tools and techniques for all these and much more. You'll also learn how a handyperson operates, including drilling, tiling, welding, and carpentry. Then discover different ways you can organise your home. Next, learn to fix your furniture, paint and decorate, portable appliance testing (PAT), and electrical fire safety. Moreover, master kitchen gardening from planting to harvesting crops. Finally, become organised by learning to clean properly and first aid training to keep actions in emergencies. Along with this DIY Home Improvement course, you will get 10 other premium courses. Also, you will get an original Hardcopy and PDF certificate for the title course and a student ID card absolutely free. Courses are included in this DIY Home Improvement Bundle: Course 01: DIY Home Improvement Course 02: Handyperson Course 03: Organize Your Home, Office & Life Course 04: Carpentry: Furniture Restoration and Refurbishment Course 05: PAT Level 4 Course 06: Electrical and Fire Safety Training - Level 2 Course 07: Kitchen Gardening Course 08: Cleaning Course Level 5 Course 09: Complete Communication Skills Master Class for Life Course 10: Personal Hygiene Course 11: First Aid Training What Will You Learn from this DIY Home Improvement Bundle: Explore home improvement & its significance and various DIY projects around the house Get a detailed overview of handyperson, their tasks and the tools & equipment required Gain the skills required to organise your home, workplace, life and mind Learn the principles & essentials of furniture restoration and how to get started Gain knowledge of painting & decorating and how to mix colour in acrylic & oil Get comprehensive knowledge of PAT, reducing & controlling risk and risk assessment Become fully aware of fire safety, its legislation & measures and electrical safety Gain an acute understanding of kitchen gardening & how to maintain your garden Grasp the diversity of cleaning jobs and the cleaning equipment, products & clothing Fully understand personal hygiene, hygiene guidelines & personal hygiene for Covid-19 Know the legal framework for workplace first aid and learn the basic first aid techniques So, enrol now to advance your career! Benefits you'll get choosing Apex Learning for this DIY Home Improvement: One payment, but lifetime access to 11 CPD courses Certificate, student ID for the title course included in a one-time fee Full tutor support available from Monday to Friday Free up your time - don't waste time and money travelling for classes Accessible, informative modules taught by expert instructors Learn at your ease - anytime, from anywhere Study the course from your computer, tablet or mobile device CPD accredited course - improve the chance of gaining professional skills Gain valuable and in-demand skills without leaving your home. How will I get my Certificate? After successfully completing the course you will be able to order your CPD Accredited Certificates (PDF + Hard Copy) as proof of your achievement. PDF Certificate: Free (Previously it was £6*11 = £66) Hard Copy Certificate: Free (For The Title Course: Previously it was £10) Course Curriculum: Course 01: DIY Home Improvement **DIY Home Improvement** Module 1: Introduction to Home Improvement The Concept of Home Improvement Significance of Home Improvement Interior Designer's Role Tools Necessary for the Job Module 2: Paint Job Painting and Selecting Colour Wallpapering Tiling Wooden Floor Installations Vinyl flooring Module 3: Walls Building Exterior Walls Building Interior Walls Knocking Down Walls Plasterwork Drywall Repair Module 4: Doors and Windows Types of Windows Window Blinds Installation of Replacement Windows Bi-Fold Closet Doors Installing Door Locks Module 5: Electrical Fixtures: Light Fixture Ceiling Fan Light Switch Thermostat Appliance Operation Module 6: Outdoor Projects Patios and Decks Landscaping, Planting and Irrigation Garden Structures Water Features Module 7: Plumbing Basic Faucet Replacement Unclogging a Sink Drain Toilet Replacement Module 8: Damp, Rots, and Pests Wet and Dry Rot Pest Prevention and Eradication Condensation Prevention of Damp Treating Damp Module 9: Home Safety Door Security Window Security Burglar Alarms Fire Prevention Course 02: Handyperson Introduction to Handyperson Basic Tools and Equipment Electrical Work Plumbing Skills Appliances General Carpentry Basic Maintenance Skills Walls and Floors Painting and Decorating Drilling, Tiling and Welding Construction Projects Health and Safety at Work Starting Own Business for Handyperson Course 03: Organize Your Home, Office & Life Introduction & First Concepts Organize Your Workplace & Home Organizing My Life Organizing My Mind Final Ideas & Tips Course 04: Carpentry: Furniture Restoration and Refurbishment The Principles and Essentials of Furniture Restoration Being Ready and Getting Started Understanding Wood and Working with Timber Upholstery and How Best to Update It The Wider Application of Restoration Work Course 05: PAT Level 4 Introduction to PAT Relevant Statutory Provisions for PAT Risk Assessment Reducing and Controlling Risks Electrical Units and Appliance Classification Initial Visual Examination Instruments for Testing and Equipment Inspection Electrical Installation Testing Safety Precautions in Electrical Testing Reporting and Record-keeping Course 06: Electrical and Fire Safety Training - Level 2 Introduction and Basics Introduction to Fire Safety Voltage and Resistance Capacitance and Capacitors Safety Precautions Fire Safety Legislation Measures of Fire Safety Fire Emergency: Evacuation Procedures Course 07: Kitchen Gardening Introduction to Kitchen Gardening Planning for Kitchen Gardening Choosing Vegetables for Your Garden Choosing Crops for Your Garden Preparing Your Soil with Care Preparing the Bed and Planting Your Crops Maintaining your Garden and Best Practices Practicing Eco-Friendly Pest Management Harvesting Your Crops and Storing Safely Course 08: Cleaning Course Level 5 An Introduction to the Cleaning Job The Diversity of Cleaning Jobs Cleaning Equipment, Products and Clothing House Cleaning Food Kitchen and Commercial Kitchen Cleaning Bathrooms and Toilets Office Cleaning Cleaning External Surfaces and Areas Dealing with Non-Routine Waste Chemical Safety, Keyholding and Alarm Codes for Cleaners Starting a Cleaning Business and Planning for it Running the Business with Quality Service Customer Satisfaction Management of Staff Marketing, Advertising and Sales Expansion Management Business Insurance, Tax and Additional Equipment Course 09: Complete Communication Skills Master Class for Life Module 01: Effective Communication Module 02: How to Talk to Anyone Module 03: Power of Storytelling Module 04: Becoming an Influencer Module 05: Importance of Body Language Module 06: Communication Skills for Job Interviews Module 07: Public Speaking Course 10: Personal Hygiene Introduction to Personal Hygiene and a Brief History Looking Clean, Smelling Clean Improving and Maintaining Oral Health Care of the Eyes Ear Care Secrets Foot & Nail Care in Personal Hygiene Hair Care Hygienic Ways Hygienic Approach to Skin Care Maintain Good Toilet Hygiene Potential Hygiene Guidelines Personal Hygiene During Coronavirus Pandemic Course 11: First Aid Training Introduction to Workplace First Aid Legal Framework for Workplace First Aid Incident Management at Work Primary Survey Secondary Survey Basic First-Aid Techniques Dealing with Minor Injuries at the Workplace Secondary Illness Loss of Responsiveness and CPR Secondary Illness Breathing Problems Secondary Illnesses and Injuries Dealing With Fractures and Dislocations Call for an Emergency CPD 110 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone from any background can enrol in this DIY Home Improvement bundle. Persons with similar professions can also refresh or strengthen their skills by enrolling in this course. Students can take this course to gather professional knowledge besides their study or for the future. Requirements Our DIY Home Improvement is fully compatible with PC's, Mac's, Laptop, Tablet and Smartphone devices. This course has been designed to be fully compatible with tablets and smartphones so you can access your course on Wi-Fi, 3G or 4G. There is no time limit for completing this course, it can be studied in your own time at your own pace. Career path Having these various certifications will increase the value in your CV and open you up to multiple job sectors. Handyperson Painter Electricians Plumbers Carpenters Gardeners Certificates Certificate of completion Digital certificate - Included Certificate of completion Hard copy certificate - Included You will get the Hard Copy certificate for the title course (DIY Home Improvement) absolutely Free! Other Hard Copy certificates are available for £10 each. Please Note: The delivery charge inside the UK is £3.99, and the international students must pay a £9.99 shipping cost.

This course explores why our energy system can become blocked and the impact those blocks have on our physical and mental health. We look at methods to clear those blocks and to be able to restore balance to the Aura and Chakra system. We explore in detail the intrinsic power of the Aura and Chakra systems and how they interact with the physical and emotional self.

Our Anti-Bribery Training course is designed to provide participants with essential knowledge and skills to recognize, prevent, and address bribery and corruption in various professional settings. This course offers practical insights into the importance of ethical conduct, compliance with anti-bribery laws, and maintaining the integrity of individuals and organizations.Protect your organization's reputation and uphold ethical standards by enrolling in our Anti-Bribery Training course today. Who Should Attend: Professionals across all industries and sectors. Compliance officers and ethics officers. Legal and risk management professionals. Managers and executives responsible for governance and compliance. Anyone interested in upholding ethical standards and preventing bribery.