362 Courses in Bristol

5G training course description This course is designed to give the delegate an understanding of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. It is not a definitive set of descriptions but a possibility of the final deployment. During the course we will investigate the 10 pillars for 5G, which will include various Radio Access Technologies that are required to interwork smoothly. Hence we will look at the 4G Pro features and other RATs. What will you learn List the ten pillars of 5G deployment. Explain the 5G Internet and Software Distributed Networks (SDN). Explain carrier aggregation, the mobile cloud and RAT virtualisation. Explain an overall picture of 5G architecture. 5G training course details Who will benefit: Anyone who is looking to work with next generation networks. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Duration 3 days 5G training course contents Drivers for 5G 5G Road Map, 10 Pillars of 5G, evolving RATs, small cell, o SON, MTCm, mm-wave, backhaul, EE, new spectrum, spectrum sharing, RAN virtualisation. 4G LTE advanced features *MIMO, Downlink & uplink MIMO R8, MIMO technology in LTE advanced, Downlink 8-layer SU-MIMO, Downlink MU-MIMO, Uplink MU-MIMO, Uplink transmit diversity, Coordinated multi-point operation (CoMP), Independent eNB & remote base station configurations, Downlink CoMP, * Uplink Multi-Cell Reception. ICIC & eICIC ICIC, Homogeneous to heterogeneous network, eICIC, Macro-pico scenario, Macro-femto scenario, Time orthogonal frequencies. Almost Blank Subframe (ABS). Carrier aggregation Component carriers (CC), * CC aggregation, Intra-band contiguous solutions, Intra-band non-contiguous solutions, Inter-band non-contiguous solutions, CA bandwidth classes, Aggregated transmission bandwidth configurations (ATBC), Possible carrier aggregation configurations (Rel 9, 10 & 12). Enhanced Interference Mitigation & Traffic Adaptation (eIMTA) TDD UL-DL reconfiguration for traffic adaptation, Reconfiguration mechanisms, Interference mitigation schemes, Dynamic & flexible resource allocation. 5G architectures 5G in Europe, horizon 2020 framework, 5G infrastructure PPP, METIS project, innovation centre, 5G in North America, research, company R & D, 5G specifications. The 5G internet Cloud services, IoT & context awareness, network reconfiguration & virtualization support, hypervisors, SDN, the controller, service-oriented API, OpenFlow switches, SDN operation, SDN control for traffic flow redirection, OpenFlow controllers, how SDN works, application, control and infrastructure layers, a programmable network, how SDN & NFV tie together, SDN's downside, SDN orchestration, Mobility, architectures for distributed mobility management, MEDIEVAL & MEDIVO projects, a clean slate approach, mobility first architecture, network virtualization (VNet), INM, NetInf, ForMux, MEEM, GP & AM, QoS support, network resource provisioning, IntServ, RSVP, DiffServ, CoS, aggregated resource provisioning, SICAP, MARA, Emerging approach for resource over-provisioning, example use case architecture for the 5G internet, integrating SDN/NFV for efficient resource control, control information repository, service admission control policies, network resource provisioning, control enforcement functions, network configurations, network operations. Small cells for 5G Average spectral efficiency evolution, What are small cells? WiFi & Femto cells as candidate small-cell technologies, Capacity limits & achievable gains with densifications, gains with multi-antenna techniques, gains with small cells, Mobile data demand, approach & methodology, subscriber density projections, traffic demand projections, global mobile data traffic increase modelling, country level backhaul traffic projections, 2020 average spectrum requirement, Small cell challenges, backhaul, spectrum, automation. Cooperation for next generation wireless networks Cooperative diversity & relaying strategies, Cooperative ARQ & MAC protocols, NCCARQ & PRCSMA packet exchange, Physical layer impact on MAC protocol, NCCARQ overview, PHY layer impact, Performance evaluation, simulation scenario and results. Mobile clouds; technology & services for future communications platforms Mobile cloud, software, hardware and networking resources, Mobile cloud enablers, mobile user domain, wireless technologies, WWAN WLAN and WPAN range, Bluetooth, IEEE.802.15.4, software stacks, infrared, near field communications (NFC), store & forward vs compute & forward, random/linear network coding. Security for 5G communications Potential 5G architectures, Security issues & challenges in 5G, user equipment, mobile malware attacks, 5G mobile botnets, attacks on 4G networks, C-RNTI & packet sequence numbers based UE location tracking, false buffer status reports attacks, message insertion attacks, HeNB attacks, physical attacks, attacks on mobile operator's network, user data & identity attacks, DDoS attacks, amplification, HSS saturation, external IP networks.

Windows certificates training course description A hands-on training course concentrating solely on PKI using Windows certificates. What will you learn Explain how PKI works. Install windows certificates. Configure windows certificates. Troubleshoot windows certificates. Windows certificates training course details Who will benefit: Technical security staff. Prerequisites: Windows server. Duration 3 days Windows certificates training course contents PKI Symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, authentication, digital signing, hashing, certificates, Certification Authorities, Root CA, Intermediate CA, policy CA, Issuing CA, Certificate Revocation Lists. Hands on Inspecting a certificate. Policies and PKI Security policy, certification policy. CA hierarchy Impact of CAs on Active Directory, CA architecture, number of tiers, issuing CA organisation, CA configuration files. CA security. Hands on CA installation PKI health tool, monitoring. Certificate revocation When to revoke, OCSP. Hands on Revoking certificates. Certificate validation Discovery, validation, checks, revocation checking, certificate chains, certification publication. Hands on Event viewer. Certificate templates Version 1, version 1, default, modifying templates. Hands on Template management. Roles Criteria roles, CA administrator, Certificate manager, Backup operator, Auditor. Other PKI management roles. Disaster recovery Backups, recovery. Hands on certutil. Issuing certificates The certificate enrolment process, enrolment methods, manual enrolment, automatic enrolment. Trust between organisations Creating Trust, CTLs, common root CA, cross certification, bridge CA. Web servers and certificates SSL encryption, certificate authentication. Hands on Web servers. VPN Hands on Certificate deployment for VPN. WiFi Hands on 802.1X

Emotional Intelligence: In-House Training Emotional Intelligence is a set of emotional and social skills that collectively establish how well we: Perceive and express ourselves Develop and maintain social relationships Cope with challenges Use emotional information in an effective and meaningful way It is a skill set that transfers across all categories of relationships. It is also a predictor of success - both in life and at work. This highly-interactive course delivers a practical approach to developing, improving, and sustaining effective and mutually beneficial relationships. The design of the course involves individual reflection and paired activities, interwoven with small and large group interactions. The EQ-i 2.0® assessment reports will be debriefed over the course of the two days. In addition, participants will delve into their personal strengths and blind spots, and will explore topics including: the neuroscience of emotion, the connection between empathy and performance, and how communication styles impact our perceptions of self and other. Role-play activities give participants the opportunity to try out new behaviors and techniques. The program includes: A personal behavioral profile, the results of which you will bring to your training 2-day highly interactive workshop and experiential learning Optional professional coaching activities initiated in class that can continue over the four months after class ends What you will Learn Recognize your interpersonal strengths and potential blind spots regarding Emotional Intelligence Identify the five domains within the EQ-i 2.0 assessment model Summarize what neuroscience research has discovered about emotions and actions Recognize ways that human beings are physiologically impacted by stress Articulate ways to develop and maintain strong working relationships Describe how emotional intelligence translates into high performance Make use of the EI model and associated competencies Employ strategies for enhancing leadership through Emotional Intelligence Foundation Concepts The biology of emotion Why Emotional Intelligence matters The impact of EI on performance The EQ-I 2.0 Model Overview of the EQ-i 2.0 framework Exploring your report Balancing your EI domains Self: Awareness and Sensitivity Self-awareness and empathy Perception vs. reality Acting by choice, not impulse Other: Communication and Relationship-Building Elements of effective communication Communication styles Communication techniques Neuroscience and Behavioral Change Insights from social neuroscience Making a change

About this training course Business Impact: The main aim is to provide insight and understanding of data analytics and machine learning principles through applications. Field data is used to explain data-analysis workflows. Using easy to follow solution scripts, the participants will assess and extract value from the data sets. Hands-on solution approach will give them confidence to try out applicable techniques on data from their field assets. Data analysis means cleaning, inspecting, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering new, useful information and supporting decision-making. In this hands-on 2-day training course, the participants learn some data analysis and data science techniques and workflows applied to petroleum production (specifically artificial lift) while reviewing code and practicing. The focus is on developing data-driven models while keeping our feet closer to the underlying oil and gas production principles. Unique Features: Eight business use cases covering their business impact, code walkthroughs for most all and solution approach. Industry data sets for participants to practice on and take home. No software or complicated Python frameworks required. Training Objectives After the completion of this training course, participants will be able to: Understand digital oil field transformation and its impact on business Examine machine learning methods Review workflows and code implementations After completing the course, participants will have a set of tools and some pathways to model and analyze their data in the cloud, find trends, and develop data-driven models Target Audience This training course is suitable and will greatly benefit the following specific groups: Artificial lift, production and facilities engineers and students to enhance their knowledge base, increase technology awareness, and improve the facility with different data analysis techniques applied on large data sets Course Level Intermediate Advanced Training Methods The course discusses several business use-cases that are amenable to data-driven workflows. For each use case, the instructor will show the solution using a data analysis technique with Python code deployed in the Google cloud. Trainees will solve a problem and tweak their solution. Course Duration: 2 days in total (14 hours). Training Schedule 0830 - Registration 0900 - Start of training 1030 - Morning Break 1045 - Training recommences 1230 - Lunch Break 1330 - Training recommences 1515 - Evening break 1530 - Training recommences 1700 - End of Training The maximum number of participants allowed for this training course is 20. This course is also available through our Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) format. Prerequisites: Understanding of petroleum production concepts Knowledge of Python is not a must but preferred to get the full benefit. The training will use the Google Collaboratory environment available in Google-Cloud for hands-on exercises Trainees will need to bring a computer with a Google Chrome browser and a Google email account (available for free) Trainer Your expert course leader has over 35 years' work-experience in multiphase flow, artificial lift, real-time production optimization and software development/management. His current work is focused on a variety of use cases like failure prediction, virtual flow rate determination, wellhead integrity surveillance, corrosion, equipment maintenance, DTS/DAS interpretation. He has worked for national oil companies, majors, independents, and service providers globally. He has multiple patents and has delivered a multitude of industry presentations. Twice selected as an SPE distinguished lecturer, he also volunteers on SPE committees. He holds a Bachelor's and Master's in chemical engineering from the Gujarat University and IIT-Kanpur, India; and a Ph.D. in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Tulsa, USA. Highlighted Work Experience: At Weatherford, consulted with clients as well as directed teams on digital oilfield solutions including LOWIS - a solution that was underneath the production operations of Chevron and Occidental Petroleum across the globe. Worked with and consulted on equipment's like field controllers, VSDs, downhole permanent gauges, multiphase flow meters, fibre optics-based measurements. Shepherded an enterprise-class solution that is being deployed at a major oil and gas producer for production management including artificial lift optimization using real time data and deep-learning data analytics. Developed a workshop on digital oilfield approaches for production engineers. Patents: Principal inventor: 'Smarter Slug Flow Conditioning and Control' Co-inventor: 'Technique for Production Enhancement with Downhole Monitoring of Artificially Lifted Wells' Co-inventor: 'Wellbore real-time monitoring and analysis of fracture contribution' Worldwide Experience in Training / Seminar / Workshop Deliveries: Besides delivering several SPE webinars, ALRDC and SPE trainings globally, he has taught artificial lift at Texas Tech, Missouri S&T, Louisiana State, U of Southern California, and U of Houston. He has conducted seminars, bespoke trainings / workshops globally for practicing professionals: Companies: Basra Oil Company, ConocoPhillips, Chevron, EcoPetrol, Equinor, KOC, ONGC, LukOil, PDO, PDVSA, PEMEX, Petronas, Repsol, , Saudi Aramco, Shell, Sonatrech, QP, Tatneft, YPF, and others. Countries: USA, Algeria, Argentina, Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Croatia, Congo, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Libya, Malaysia, Oman, Mexico, Norway, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Saudi Arabia, S Korea, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, UAE, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela. Virtual training provided for PetroEdge, ALRDC, School of Mines, Repsol, UEP-Pakistan, and others since pandemic. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Introducing Trauma-Informed Therapy Package: Healing, Empowerment, and Renewed Well-Being Have you experienced past traumas that continue to impact your daily life and relationships? Miss Date Doctor’s Trauma-Informed Therapy Package is designed to provide you with a safe and supportive environment to heal from trauma, regain a sense of empowerment, and foster renewed well-being. Trauma can leave deep emotional scars that affect your mental health, self-esteem, and capacity to form healthy connections. Our experienced and compassionate therapists are here to help you navigate the healing journey with trauma-informed care. Here’s how the Trauma-Informed Therapy Package can support you: Safe and Non-Judgmental Space: Our therapists create a safe, non-judgmental space where you can freely express yourself and explore the impact of trauma on your life. Trust and confidentiality are paramount as we work together on your healing journey. Trauma Processing: Through evidence-based techniques, we’ll gently guide you through trauma processing, helping you gradually process and release the emotions and memories associated with the traumatic experience. This process can reduce the emotional intensity of trauma and foster emotional healing. Empowerment and Resilience: Our trauma-informed therapy empowers you to reclaim your strength and resilience. By addressing the effects of trauma, you’ll find inner resources to cope with life’s challenges, enabling you to move forward with renewed hope. Coping Strategies: We’ll equip you with practical coping strategies to manage triggers and stressors that may arise from trauma-related memories. You’ll learn healthy ways to regulate emotions and navigate difficult situations. Rebuilding Self-Esteem: Trauma can significantly impact self-esteem. Our therapists will work with you to rebuild a positive self-concept and develop a healthy self-image, fostering self-compassion and self-acceptance. Strengthening Relationships: Trauma can affect how you relate to others. In the Trauma-Informed Therapy Package, you’ll explore relational patterns and develop healthier ways of connecting with others, nurturing fulfilling relationships. Mindfulness and Grounding: Practicing mindfulness and grounding techniques can help you stay present and connected to the here and now, reducing anxiety and hypervigilance associated with trauma. Understanding Triggers: We’ll help you identify triggers and understand their origins. By gaining insight into your triggers, you can better manage their impact on your emotional well-being. The Trauma-Informed Therapy Package at Miss Date Doctor prioritizes your healing and well-being. Our therapists have extensive experience in trauma recovery, ensuring that your therapy journey is individualized and tailored to your unique needs. Release the burden of trauma and embrace a future filled with hope and empowerment. Enroll in the Trauma-Informed Therapy Package today, and let our skilled therapists guide you towards healing and renewed well-being. You don’t have to face trauma alone; we’re here to walk with you on your journey to recovery and growth. 3 X 1 hour sessions https://relationshipsmdd.com/product/trauma-informed-therapy-package/

About this Training Course In today's business environment, there has never been more of a need to make Asset Management and Maintenance more cost effective and efficient. By utilising the Reliability Centred Maintenance process (RCM), you can increase safety performance, reduce maintenance costs, improve the effectiveness of your operations, boost machine uptime, and gain a greater understanding of the level of risk your organisation manages. RCM is just one component of an overall integrated Asset Management Process. All participants will complete detailed pre-course questionnaires before this 3 full-day course, enabling the trainer to tailor course content in order to meet specific delegate needs. Participant objectives are re-visited before, during and after the course, allowing the trainer to focus on outcomes and address any participant concerns and specific issues during the program. Training Objectives At the end of this course, participants will be able to: Develop skills to carry out successful RCMs and introduce the RCM process into their own and their company's daily activities. Be aware of our changing business environment and the need to apply RCM to drive continuous improvement, in safety, cost reduction, and minimise their environmental footprint Understand the impact of human reliability and the various methods used to improve this important area Understand the basics of Change Management and the methods used to securely anchor this process and make it routine Develop an appreciation for a holistic 'Asset Management' program, and know where the RCM process fits in, and the benefits it will deliver Target Audience Reliability Centred Maintenance is primarily a team activity and benefits from a cross functional team participation. This course is aimed at managers, engineers, technicians and operators at all levels who are responsible for the operation and maintenance of plant equipment and who will benefit from the elimination of bad actors (recurring equipment failure) and continuous improvement in the areas of safety, environmental impact, reliability and integrity. Trainer Your expert course leader has enjoyed a 37-year career with Shell International in a variety of leadership roles predominantly in Turnaround, Maintenance and Engineering Management before he left in late 2017 to pursue his interest in Turnaround and Maintenance Management consultancy. He has undertaken several Asset Management and Engineering positions within Shell Australia including the implementation and establishment of formal Reliability Studies including FMEA, RCA, RCM, Maintenance Planning and Turnaround Management programs at Geelong Refinery. Additionally, he was appointed Shell's Regional Turnaround Advisor within Australia and South East Asia supporting Shell Operating Companies throughout several Australasian and European sites. In more recent times, he had been engaged to implement and establish a formal Turnaround Management program within Brunei Shell Petroleum as well as becoming the appointed Regional Turnaround Management Subject Matter Expert (SME), TA Network and Governance & Assurance lead for Shell within the Shell Australasian, Russian Federation and Indian Sub-Continent OpCo community. His career repertoire includes hands-on practitioner, supervisory, reliability, contracts and management roles and he holds several maintenance and engineering tertiary qualifications including an Associate Diploma in Mechanical Engineering. He has presented at several Maintenance, Reliability, Asset Management & Turnaround forums and conferences. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Mental Health First Aiders (MHFAiders®) are vital to helping boost employee wellbeing as we adjust to a completely changed workplace environment.

RFID training course description This training course focuses on the technologies used in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). What will you learn Describe the RFID architecture. Design RFID systems. Evaluate tag types. Recognise common RFID problems. RFID training course details Who will benefit: RFID technologists and system engineers. Prerequisites: RF fundamentals. Duration 2 days RFID training course contents What is RFID? Review of RF basics, what is RFID, RFID history, RFID base system architecture, frequency bands used by RFID, comparison with barcodes. RFID applications Supply chain, asset tracking, theft reduction, retail, access control, tolls. Tags Tag features, types of tag, passive and active, chips, read only, read write, affixing tags, selecting location to affix a tag, tag orientation and location, tag stacking, impact of rate of movement, tag data formats. Interrogators/readers Interrogation zones, interrogator types, antennas, read distance tests, multiple interrogators, synchronisation, dense interrogator environment issues. RFID peripherals. Standards and regulations Global regulatory requirements, regional regulatory requirements, ISO, ETSI, FCC, EPC, safety regulations/issues. Testing and troubleshooting Read rate problems, improperly tagged items, tag failure. RFID system design Antenna types, interference, antenna location and spacing, how many antennas? How many interrogators? tag types, grounding considerations, cabling, site diagrams.

This half-day workshop delivered face-to-face or online is designed for anyone in your organisation that wants to become a Neurodiversity Champion - someone who wants to educate and change the way that Neurodiversity is viewed in the workplace.

Essential 5G training course description This course is designed to give delegates an explanation of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. It is not a definitive set of descriptions but a possibility of the final deployment. we will investigate the 10 pillars for 5G which will include various Radio Access Technologies that are required to interwork smoothly. We will look at the 4G Pro features and other RATs. What will you learn List the ten pillars of 5G deployment. Describe the 5G Internet. Explain virtualization and RAT virtulization. Describe Software Defined Networks (SDN). Explain carrier aggregation. Describe the mobile cloud. Explain an overall picture of 5G architecture. Essential 5G training course details Who will benefit: Anyone looking for an understanding of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days Essential 5G training course contents Drivers for 5G 5G Road Map, 10 Pillars of 5G, evolving RATs, oSON, MTCm, mm-wave, backhaul, EE, new spectrum, spectrum sharing, RAN virtualisation. 4G LTE Advanced MIMO technology in release 8, Downlink & uplink MIMO R8, MIMO technology in LTE advanced, Downlink 8-layer SU-MIMO, Downlink MU-MIMO, Uplink MU-MIMO, Uplink transmit diversity, Coordinated multi-point operation (CoMP), Independent eNB & remote base station configurations, Downlink CoMP. ICIC & eICIC ICIC, Homogeneous to heterogeneous network evolution, Introduction to eICIC, Macro-pico scenario, Macro-femto scenario, Time orthogonal frequencies. Almost Blank Subframe (ABS). Carrier aggregation Component carriers (CC), CC aggregation deployments, Intra-band contiguous solutions, Intra-band non-contiguous solutions, Inter-band non-contiguous solutions, CA bandwidth classes, Aggregated transmission bandwidth configurations (ATBC), Possible carrier aggregation configs. eIMTA TDD UL-DL reconfig. for traffic adaptation, Reconfig. mechanisms, Interference mitigation schemes, Dynamic & flexible resource allocation. 5G architectures 5G in Europe, horizon 2020 framework, 5G infrastructure PPP, METIS project, 5G in North America, academy research, company R&D, 5G specifications. The 5G internet High-level view of Cloud Services, The Internet of Things & context awareness, Network reconfiguration & virtualization support, server proliferation, how VMs fix underutilised server problem, enter the hypervisor, why are VM such a big deal? SDN, evolution of the data centre network, high availability, low latency, scalability, security, cost model explodes, service-oriented API. OpenFlow switches, OpenFlow controllers, how SDN works. The big picture, pulling it all together, why the network had to change, how SDN & NFV tie together. Evolutionary approach to the internet, architectures for distributed mobility management, MEDIEVAL & MEDIVO projects, a clean slate approach, mobility first architecture. VNet, INM, NetInf, ForMux, MEEM. Generic Path (GP) & anchorless mobility (AM), Quality of Service support, network resource provisioning, resourcing inside a network. IntServ, RSVP, DiffServ, CoS. Emerging approach for resource over- provisioning, example use case architecture for scalable resource control scenarios in the 5G internet. Integrating SDN/NFV for efficient resource over-reservation control, control information repository, service admission control policies, network resource provisioning, control enforcement functions, network configurations & operations. Small cells for 5G Average spectral efficiency evolution, WiFi & Femto cells, Capacity limits. Achievable gains with densifications, multi-antenna techniques, small cells. Mobile data demand, approach & methodology, subscriber density and traffic demand projections to 2020. Demand versus capacity, global mobile data traffic increase modelling, country level backhaul traffic projections, Small cell challenges, backhaul, spectrum, automation. Cooperation for next gen wireless networks Diversity & relaying strategies, cooperation & network coding, ARQ & MAC protocols, NCCARQ & PRCSMA packet exchange, Physical layer impact on MAC protocol analysis, NCCARQ overview, PHY layer impact, Case study on NCCARQ. Mobile clouds Mobile cloud, Mobile cloud enablers, mobile user domain, wireless technologies, WWAN WLAN and WPAN range, Bluetooth, IEEE.802.15.4 & software stacks, infrared, near field communications (NFC). Network coding, store & forward vs compute & forward, linear network coding, random linear coding. Security for 5G communications Potential 5G communication systems architectures, Security issues & challenges. Mobile malware attacks targeting the UE, 5G mobile botnets, access networks, attacks on 4G networks, C-RNTI & packet sequence number based UE location tracking, false buffer status reports attacks, message insertion attacks, HeNB attacks, physical attacks, credential attacks, configuration and protocol attacks, attacks on MON, user data & identity attacks, mobile operator's core network, DDoS attacks targeting MON, signalling amplification, HSS saturation, external IP networks.