Certificate in Business and Commercial Law (CBCL) Why Attend This course is designed for professionals with little or no prior legal background but who are required to make organizational decisions involving legal matters. It will provide participants with the fundamental principles of commercial law, including commercial contracts and negotiation, sale of goods, intellectual property rights and employee relations. It also covers all the legal aspects of setting up a business, running a business and closing a business Participants will gain an in-depth understanding of international commercial law with emphasis on the common law system. Participants will have the opportunity to learn and analyze key legal issues regarding contracts and the business as a whole which they are likely to encounter within their organization. Course Methodology In this interactive training course participants will frequently work in pairs as well as in larger groups to complete exercises as well as regional and international case studies. Course Objectives By the end of the course, participants will be able to: Apply legal rules and principles to speciï¬c commercial situations through consideration of relevant case law Negotiate commercial contracts complying with commercial and legal requirements Increase proï¬tability within their organization by selecting appropriate methods of distribution of goods Recognize and analyze how intellectual property rights aï¬ect their organization Evaluate and modify organizational employment practices complying with labor law requirements Target Audience This course is suitable for those with little or no formal training in commercial law yet would be required to understand the fundamentals of commercial law as it may directly impact their work. It will particularly beneï¬t directors and executives who have direct responsibility for legal decisions within the organization. In-house council new to the region, and those working within a legal department, will also ï¬nd this course highly beneï¬cial. Target Competencies Drafting Contracts Contract Negotiation Understanding Commercial Terms Understanding Employment Law Implementing Organizational Employment Practices Understanding Intellectual Property Understanding corporate restructuring Understanding the effect of breach of commercial contract terms Note The Dubai Government Legal Aï¬airs Department has introduced a Continuing Legal Professional Development (CLPD) programme to legal consultants authorised to practise through a licensed ï¬rm in the Emirate of Dubai. We are proud to announce that the Dubai Government Legal Aï¬airs Department has accredited EMG Associates as a CLPD provider. In addition, all our legal programmes have been approved. This PLUS Specialty Training Legal course qualiï¬es for 4 elective CLPD points. Overview of commercial & business law Areas of commercial and business law Types of commercial contracts Commercial contracts in the civil law and common law systems Sources of English law Civil law v Common law Civil law in the GCC Formalities for a binding contract Elements required for an enforceable contract Rules for contract interpretation implied terms v express terms identifying risks and how to minimise risks Structure of a commercial contract Preliminary documents in international transactions Memorandum of Understanding/ Heads of Terms. Are they legally binding? Commercial implications Boilerplate/ miscellaneous provisions- the important but forgotten clauses- beware! Force majeure v Frustration Notices Set oï¬ No waiver Entire Agreement/ non- reliance clause Times is of the essence Assignment v Novation Governing law Common mistakes in choice of law Jurisdiction clause Exclusive v Non-exclusive Factors in deciding the jurisdiction clause International dispute resolution Litigation Importance of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Arbitration Mediations Conciliation Negotiation Remedies for breach of contract Damages Specific performance Injunctions Advantages and disadvantages of different business forms Types of business vehicles Sole trader Partnerships Limited Liability Partnerships Companies Cross Border Transactions Distributorship Agency Joint Venture Acquisitions Share purchase v Business purchase Apportioning risks and liabilities through warranties and indemnities Negotiating warranties and indemnities Corporate insolvency Tests identifying insolvency Consequence for directors who fail to react to insolvency Types of insolvency Administration Receivership Creditor Voluntary Liquidation Compulsory Liquidation Commercial Tort Tort of negligence Defamation Libel Slander Recent case law on defamation Managing risk Prevention is better than cure: Eï¬ective risk management Intellectual Property Rights management Types of Intellectual Property copyright trademark patent design rights confidential information Assignment v Granting a license The law of passing off Intellectual Property in the GCC Employment law issues in the common law systems and the GCC Types of employment contracts Grounds for dismissal Wrongful dismissal Redundancy Unfair dismissal Commercial real estate in the GCC Leasehold Freehold
Embark on a captivating exploration of the unknown with our "Ufology: Extraterrestrial Hypotheses and Exobiology" course. Dive into UFO sightings, government involvement, and the future of ufology. Uncover the secrets, challenge assumptions, and develop critical thinking skills. Are we alone, or is there a cosmic community waiting to be discovered? Join the journey – question, analyze, and redefine your understanding of the universe. Enroll now and venture into the mysteries of extraterrestrial phenomena and exobiology.
About this training course This 3-day introductory-level course provides a comprehensive overview of Auditing in the Exploration & Production (E&P) industry. It is suitable for anyone who wants to gain a broader understanding of Upstream Oil & Gas Auditing - including joint venture, financial and contractual audits by government and regulatory authorities in the various granting regimes (Production Sharing Contracts, Risk Service Contracts, Concessionary). Training Objectives After the completion of this training course, participants will be able to: Gain knowledge of the unique features or key phases of the E&P Business Understand the general principles and objectives of the various different types of Upstream Oil & Gas audits Add value to your organisation by improving your audit techniques and auditing skills Review the importance of following process in order to avoid costly audit related findings. Utilize industry specific examples and exercises, develop your understanding of the most common E&P industry audit issues Target Audience This training course is suitable and will greatly benefit the following specific groups: Audit staff who are new or relatively new to the industry and who require a grounding in the various aspects of E&P Audit Finance or Accounting personnel involved in supporting audits Staff from a wide range of other business functions who are connected to / impacted by audit, such as, Supply Chain, Operations, Contracts Holders, IT, Tax and Treasury Topics will be covered from both the perspective of being part of an audit team plus that of the team being audited. Therefore, the course will appeal to staff from IOC's, NOC's and those from Government and/or Regulatory Authorities. Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods The training instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught in their own organization. Course Duration: 3 days in total (21 hours). Training Schedule 0830 - Registration 0900 - Start of training 1030 - Morning Break 1045 - Training recommences 1230 - Lunch Break 1330 - Training recommences 1515 - Evening break 1530 - Training recommences 1700 - End of Training The maximum number of participants allowed for this training course is 25. This course is also available through our Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) format. Trainer Your expert course leader has more than 30 years of experience in the international oil and gas industry, covering all areas of Finance and Audit, including involvement in Commercial roles. During her 19 years with ENI she worked in Italy, Netherlands, Egypt and UK and was CFO for 2 major ENI subsidiaries. She has delivered training courses in Accounting, Audit, Economics and Commercial topics in many Countries. She has a Degree in Economics & Accounting and is a Certified Chartered Accountant. She is also a Chartered Auditor and an International Petroleum Negotiator. Outside of work, she is inspired by the beauty of nature and art, helping disadvantaged people, sports (football, golf) and her cat. Courses Delivered Internationally: E&P Accounting, Auditing in the Oil & Gas Industry Cost Control & Budgeting Introduction to the Oil & Gas Industry Petroleum Project Economics Contracts Strategy International O&G Exploitation Contracts POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations
***Note: Offer is Valid for the First 10 Learners Only*** In the modern world, education and training standards are constantly evolving. This Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practices (RQF) course is a vital tool for professionals who want to succeed in the Quality Assurance field. Recognised by Ofqual and the British Government, this course isn't just another academic credential. It's your gateway to meeting and exceeding the national standards in education and training. Learn from the Best, Be the Best Under the guidance of industry experts, you'll embark on a learning journey that is both enriching and practical. Our instructors bring a wealth of experience and are dedicated to nurturing your potential. Moreover, with our course being recognised by Ofqual and the British Government, your qualification will be respected across the UK and widely acknowledged by employers and educational institutions globally. So enrol today and be one step closer to success. The course is recognised by Ofqual and the British Government as a regulated qualification that meets the national standards for education and training. Upon completing this course, you can pursue different roles such as an Internal Verifier, Quality Assurance Coordinator, or Training Manager within educational institutions, corporate training departments, or vocational training organisations. This qualification is especially beneficial for those looking to step into leadership roles in education and training. You will be able to oversee and improve the quality of teaching and assessment practices. Why this Job Ready Program is a Perfect Package for You! So, what sets us apart from other programs? Let's dive into the exceptional benefits you'll experience when you join our {Course_Title}: Personalised Guidance: Our experienced mentors will provide one-on-one counselling sessions tailored to your specific needs. Whether you're a beginner or have some experience, we will guide you towards honing your skills and developing a strong foundation in Business Analysis. One-On-One Consultation Sessions with Experts: Gain invaluable insights and guidance from seasoned professionals. Our consultation sessions provide you with insider tips, tricks, and advice, empowering you to navigate the industry with confidence and expertise. Extensive Job Opportunities: We have established partnerships with numerous companies actively seeking professionals. Through our network, we'll connect you with exclusive job openings that are not easily accessible elsewhere. Our aim is to maximise your employment prospects and provide you with a range of exciting opportunities to choose from. Interview Preparation: We provide you with access to a comprehensive database of potential interview questions curated over years of industry experience. Walk into your interviews confident, well-prepared, and ready to impress. Get Unlimited Access to Entire Library: Enjoy unlimited access to our entire course library for a year. Seize this golden opportunity to advance your skills and achieve new heights! Money-Back Guarantee: Your satisfaction is our top priority. We are confident in the quality of our training and support, which is why we offer a 100% money-back guarantee. Your journey doesn't stop there. The skills and knowledge you acquire will be instrumental in pursuing higher-level positions such as Head of Department, Director of Studies, or even a Consultant in Educational Quality Assurance. You can also pursue higher education and get better qualifications. So why wait? Enrol today and take the first step towards becoming a qualified assessor. With the Focus Awards Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practices (RQF), you'll have a more fulfilling and rewarding career in education and training. The package includes the following: Qualification Specification Support Materials 24/7 access to the Course Library Assessment Guidance Tutor Support and Consultation On-Demand Customer Service Assignment, Observation, and Report Templates. **Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practice (RQF)** Unit 1: Understanding The Principles And Practices Of Internally Assuring The Quality Of Assessment Unit 2: Internally Assure The Quality Of Assessment Course Duration Guided Learning Hours These hours are made up of all contact time, guidance or supervision of a learner by a lecturer, supervisor, tutor, trainer or another appropriate provider of education or training. Guided Learning Hours for this qualification is 90. Total Qualification Time This is an estimate of the total length of time it is expected that a learner will typically take to achieve and demonstrate the level of attainment necessary for the award of the qualification i.e. to achieve all learning outcomes. Total Qualification Time is GLH and an estimate of the number of hours a learner is likely to spend in preparation, study or any other learning including assessment, which takes place as directed by, but not under the supervision of a lecturer, supervisor or tutor. The credit value, where given, for a qualification is determined by TQT, as one credit corresponds to 10 hours of learning. Total Qualification Time for this qualification is 120 hours. Method of Assessment Assessment activities consist of a few short assignments that you have to complete to show evidence of general reading while adding references to your work. All assignments should be submitted via the online portal. Video Assessment You have to plan many things, such as observation, questioning/ professional discussion, and inspection of supporting work product evidence. Detailed assignment instructions will be made available to you in the 'Guidance for Achieving the Unit' section of your learning portal with a careful and clear explanation. You have to submit all your assignments via the online portal Certification Successful candidates will be awarded a Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practice (RQF) from Focus Awards Limited. Progression Level 4 Award in Externally Assuring the Quality of Assessment Processes and Practice Level 4 Diploma in Learning and Development. Who is this course for? The Focus Awards Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practices (RQF)course is perfect for: Education and training professionals looking to improve their skills and career prospects Individuals responsible for the quality assurance of assessment processes and practices within their organisation Those seeking a regulated qualification recognised by Ofqual and the British Government Anyone looking to make a real difference to the future of education and training in the UK. Anyone looking to give their career a boost Requirements There are no specific entry requirements for this qualification. This qualification is accredited for learners who are at least 16 years old or above. Career path After receiving the Level 4 Award in the Internal Quality Assurance of Assessment Processes and Practices (RQF) certification, you would be eligible to function as a competent professional as: Professional EQA Professional IQA Practitioner Internal quality assurer Market developer Marketing Executive Quality monitoring officer Certificates Hard copy certificate Hard copy certificate - Included
The NCSP® ISO 27001 Specialist accredited (APMG International), certified (NCSC/GCHQ-UK), and recognized (DHS-CISA-USA) certification course teaches Digital Business, Operational Stakeholders, Auditors, and Risk Practitioners a Fast-Track approach to adopting and adapting the ISO 27001 controls in the context of a NIST Cybersecurity Framework program.This course looks at the impact of adapting a principled approach to an enterprise risk management framework to better support cybersecurity decisions within the context of the selected informative reference. It guides participants on the best approach to adapt, implement, and operate (AIO) a comprehensive cybersecurity program that integrates into existing organizational capabilities and incorporates the selected Informative Reference. NCSP® ISO 27001 Specialist introduces the integration of typical enterprise capabilities with cybersecurity from the perspective of the selected cybersecurity informative reference. The overall approach places these activities into systems thinking context by introducing the Service Value Management System composed of three aspects, governance, assurance, and the Z-X Model. With this in place, the course presents the approach to adapt, implement, operate, and improve the organizational cybersecurity posture that builds on the application of the FastTrack™ presented in the NCSP Practitioner. The NIST Cybersecurity Professional (NCSP®) program is the industry's first accredited certification training program that teaches organizations how to build a Digital Value Management Overlay System capable of leveraging the NIST Cybersecurity Framework to deliver the secure, digital business outcomes expected by executives, government regulators, and legal advisors.
The NCSP® 800-171 Specialist accredited (APMG International), certified (NCSC/GCHQ-UK), and recognized (DHS-CISA-USA) certification course teaches Digital Business, Operational Stakeholders, Auditors, and Risk Practitioners a Fast-Track approach to adopting and adapting the 800-171 controls in the context of a NIST Cybersecurity Framework program. This course looks at the impact of adapting a principled approach to the enterprise risk management (ERM) framework to better support cybersecurity decisions, establishing the context for the selected informative reference (IR). It guides participants on the best approach to adapting, implementing, and operating (AIO) a comprehensive cybersecurity program that can be integrated into the existing organizational capabilities and incorporates the selected IR. NCSP® 800-171 Specialist introduces the integration of typical enterprise capabilities with cybersecurity from the selected cybersecurity IR perspective. The overall approach places these activities into a systems-thinking context by introducing the service value management system (SVMS), including governance, assurance, and the Z-X model. With this in place, the course presents the approach to adapt, implement, operate, and improve the organizational cybersecurity posture that builds on the application of the FastTrack™ concept presented in the NCSP Practitioner course. The NIST Cybersecurity Professional (NCSP®) program is the industry's first accredited certification training program that teaches organizations how to build a Digital Value Management Overlay System capable of leveraging the NIST Cybersecurity Framework to deliver the secure, digital business outcomes expected by executives, government regulators, and legal advisors.
Legal Writing and Drafting Skills Why Attend There is a misconception that legal writing and legal drafting is the same but there is a substantial difference between the two. While legal writing typically deals with persuasive documents such as court briefs and legal letters, legal drafting involves creating documents such as contracts. They are both equally important in legal practice. Legal writing is an important skill needed in every practice area of law. Words are used to advocate, inform, persuade and instruct. Are you giving the right impression? Are your clients receiving the right message? This course focuses on clear legal writing for a global audience. Effective communication with English speaking lawyers is about more than simply words. It entails understanding the unique way these speakers think and approach the legal, political, and business world. Did you know that most international commercial agreements are drafted in English, irrespective of the nationality of the contracting parties. Drafting contract skills is ideal for lawyers working in English as a foreign language who need to draft, explain or interpret contract clauses written in English. During the course, delegates will look at a wide variety of commercial agreements through to practical drafting sessions. This course will help participants to draft confidently and effectively in English regardless of the governing law. This is a practical course with many exercises and examples in order to achieve an interactive and stimulating outcome. The course's activities involve the production of typical work-place legal documents. Course Methodology The course consists of group discussions as well as individual and team tasks. There will be writing practice throughout the exercises. Course Objectives By the end of the course, participants will be able to: Apply plain English style of writing to all legal documents Recognize the need for legal clarity in different types of legal documents: legal letters, emails, memorandum and opinions Apply good legal writing practice Demonstrate the register of legal writing Correct common mistakes in legal writing Dispense and deal with pitfalls and issues relating to the use of legal jargon Proofread effectively Target Audience This course is for lawyers, legal secretaries, commercial managers, contract managers and anyone who must draft, amend or update contracts, legal letters and legal opinion. The course is suitable for non-native English speakers looking for a better understanding of English legal terms. Target Competencies Drafting letters Proofreading Writing in plain English Understanding legal terms Legal writing practice Note The Dubai Government Legal Affairs Department has introduced a Continuing Legal Professional Development (CLPD) programme to legal consultants authorised to practice through a licensed firm in the Emirate of Dubai. We are proud to announce that the Dubai Government Legal Affairs Department has accredited EMG Associates as a CLPD provider. In addition, all our legal programmes have been approved. Legal Drafting Signs of a well drafted contract: The simple rules! The language of drafting: Will v Shall v Must Identifying the legal formalities for a binding contract Structure and formation of a commercial contract: follow the formula and you won't go wrong The importance of Boilerplate clauses: No waiver Notices Assignment v Novation Governing v Jurisdiction Force majeure - are we covered for viruses (covid19)? Dispute resolution clause: Litigation v Arbitration v Mediation The preliminary documents in international transaction - using Heads of Terms effectively Vague words and expressions in commercial contracts- know the pitfalls! Best endeavors v All reasonable endeavors v reasonable endeavors Overview of cross border contracts: Distribution v Joint venture v Agency agreements Share Purchase Agreements Warranties and indemnities Allocating risks and liabilities between the buyer and seller Negotiating warranties from a Share Purchase Agreement Plain English in Legal Correspondence Good legal writing practice Moving from legalese to Plain English Unnecessary archaic and meaningless phrases Collocations Importance of collocations in legal writing Pitfalls and issues relating to the use of legal jargon in legal writing Writing short emails Writing long emails Writing formal emails Writing A Legal Letter Layout of a letter Body of a letter Putting a letter together The register of letter writing Typical sentences in legal letters The letter writing clinic: looking at the ten most common problems Rewriting letters Rewriting informal sentences to modern alternatives Correcting common mistakes in letter writing Legal Writing Troubleshooting The problem of English idioms Rephrasing English idioms Easily confused words Cutting unnecessary words Use of consistent terminology Ambiguity: how to avoid it Vagueness: how to avoid it Misuse of preposition in dates Problem words Constantly litigated words Rewriting sentences to remove gender specific language
Mergers and Acquisitions - Virtual Learning Why Attend This practical course covers the key steps in the Mergers and Acquisitions(M&A) process, from the initial step of valuing the shares in a company through to closing the deal. Whether or not participants practice M&A, this course will provide them an insider's look into what is an undeniable major force in today's corporate arena. This course will give participants an A-Z understanding of the M&A process and the ability to evaluate whether a merger or acquisition fits with their organization's strategy. As a result they will identify the most lucrative M&A opportunities, select the best partners and get the maximum reward from the deal. Course Methodology In this interactive training course participants will frequently work in pairs as well as in larger groups to complete exercises, and regional and international case studies. Course Objectives By the end of the course, participants will be able to: Identify attractive Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) opportunities Formulate the initial steps and the preliminary agreements for a merger or acquisition Carry out a full due diligence into the state of affairs of a target company Understand the Share Purchase Agreement (SPA) and the Asset Purchase Agreement (APA) Take an active role in the exchange and completion stages of a merger or acquisition Be an effective part of the post-merger integration to ensure the smooth running of the new organization Target Audience This course is suitable for anyone involved in the identification, planning and execution of a Mergers and Acquisitions opportunity. This includes, CEOs, managing directors, general managers, financial directors, accountants, board members, commercial directors, business development directors, strategy planners and analysts, and in-house council. Target Competencies Identifying M&A opportunities Due Diligence Organizing Acquisitions Structuring Negotiations Post-acquisition Integration Post-acquisition Audit Note The Dubai Government Legal Affairs Department has introduced a Continuing Legal Professional Development (CLPD) programme to legal consultants authorised to practise through a licensed firm in the Emirate of Dubai. We are proud to announce that the Dubai Government Legal Affairs Department has accredited EMG Associates as a CLPD provider. In addition, all our legal programmes have been approved. This PLUS Specialty Training Legal course qualifies for 4 elective CLPD points. Fundamentals of Mergers and Acquisitions ( M&A) Distinction between Mergers and Acquisitions Types of Mergers & Acquisitions Horizontal Vertical conglomerate Knowledge of areas of law required in M& A The Preliminary documents required in M&A Heads of terms- legally binding? Confidentiality - do they need to be in writing? Lockout/exclusivity agreements- requirements for enforceability How to structure the Acquisition Share sale Advantages and disadvantages from the buyer's perspective Advantages and disadvantages from the seller's perspective Business sale Advantages and disadvantages from the buyer's perspective Advantages and disadvantages from the seller's perspective Hive down A combination of assert sale and share sale Looking at different valuation techniques Real Estate Value Relief from Royalty Discounted Cash Flow Market Multiples Dividend Yield Net Assets The Due Diligence Process What is it? Why do it? Scope of due diligence Legal Financial Commercial Operational The Purchase Agreements Share Sale Purchase Agreement v Asset Purchase Agreement v Business Purchase Agreements Provisions in a Share Purchase Agreement Importance of warranties and indemnities in purchase agreements Negotiating warranties from a Share Purchase Agreement Contractual protection for the seller Disclosure letter Intellectual property What happens to IP in M&A Stages of the IP during the M&A process Dispute Resolution in M&A Litigation Arbitration Mediation The Exchange and completion stages of M&A Seller's document Buyer's document The auction process The relevant stages Advantages and disadvantages from the buyer's and the seller's perspective
Certificate in Business and Commercial Law (CBCL) - Virtual Learning Why Attend This course is designed for professionals with little or no prior legal background but who are required to make organizational decisions involving legal matters. It will provide participants with the fundamental principles of commercial law, including commercial contracts and negotiation, sale of goods, intellectual property rights and employee relations. It also covers all the legal aspects of setting up a business, running a business and closing a business Participants will gain an in-depth understanding of international commercial law with emphasis on the common law system. Participants will have the opportunity to learn and analyze key legal issues regarding contracts and the business as a whole which they are likely to encounter within their organization. Course Methodology In this interactive training course participants will frequently work in pairs as well as in larger groups to complete exercises as well as regional and international case studies. Course Objectives By the end of the course, participants will be able to: Apply legal rules and principles to speciï¬c commercial situations through consideration of relevant case law Negotiate commercial contracts complying with commercial and legal requirements Increase proï¬tability within their organization by selecting appropriate methods of distribution of goods Recognize and analyze how intellectual property rights aï¬ect their organization Evaluate and modify organizational employment practices complying with labor law requirements Target Audience This course is suitable for those with little or no formal training in commercial law yet would be required to understand the fundamentals of commercial law as it may directly impact their work. It will particularly beneï¬t directors and executives who have direct responsibility for legal decisions within the organization. In-house council new to the region, and those working within a legal department, will also ï¬nd this course highly beneï¬cial. Target Competencies Drafting Contracts Contract Negotiation Understanding Commercial Terms Understanding Employment Law Implementing Organizational Employment Practices Understanding Intellectual Property Understanding corporate restructuring Understanding the effect of breach of commercial contract terms Note The Dubai Government Legal Aï¬airs Department has introduced a Continuing Legal Professional Development (CLPD) programme to legal consultants authorised to practise through a licensed ï¬rm in the Emirate of Dubai. We are proud to announce that the Dubai Government Legal Aï¬airs Department has accredited EMG Associates as a CLPD provider. In addition, all our legal programmes have been approved. This PLUS Specialty Training Legal course qualiï¬es for 4 elective CLPD points. Overview of commercial & business law Areas of commercial and business law Types of commercial contracts Commercial contracts in the civil law and common law systems Sources of English law Civil law v Common law Civil law in the GCC Formalities for a binding contract Elements required for an enforceable contract Rules for contract interpretation implied terms v express terms identifying risks and how to minimise risks Structure of a commercial contract Preliminary documents in international transactions Memorandum of Understanding/ Heads of Terms. Are they legally binding? Commercial implications Boilerplate/ miscellaneous provisions- the important but forgotten clauses- beware! Force majeure v Frustration Notices Set oï¬ No waiver Entire Agreement/ non- reliance clause Times is of the essence Assignment v Novation Governing law Common mistakes in choice of law Jurisdiction clause Exclusive v Non-exclusive Factors in deciding the jurisdiction clause International dispute resolution Litigation Importance of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Arbitration Mediations Conciliation Negotiation Remedies for breach of contract Damages Specific performance Injunctions Advantages and disadvantages of different business forms Types of business vehicles Sole trader Partnerships Limited Liability Partnerships Companies Cross Border Transactions Distributorship Agency Joint Venture Acquisitions Share purchase v Business purchase Apportioning risks and liabilities through warranties and indemnities Negotiating warranties and indemnities Corporate insolvency Tests identifying insolvency Consequence for directors who fail to react to insolvency Types of insolvency Administration Receivership Creditor Voluntary Liquidation Compulsory Liquidation Commercial Tort Tort of negligence Defamation Libel Slander Recent case law on defamation Managing risk Prevention is better than cure: Eï¬ective risk management Intellectual Property Rights management Types of Intellectual Property copyright trademark patent design rights confidential information Assignment v Granting a license The law of passing off Intellectual Property in the GCC Employment law issues in the common law systems and the GCC Types of employment contracts Grounds for dismissal Wrongful dismissal Redundancy Unfair dismissal Commercial real estate in the GCC Leasehold Freehold