Course Overview Learn all the essential skills to become an expert in Electrical subject. From this comprehensive Basic Electricity and Fundamentals of DC Circuit course, you will be able to understand the principles of Electricity. In the step-by-step training process, you will acquire practical skills along with theoretical knowledge. The Qualified professionals will assist you throughout this learning process. This Basic Electricity and Fundamentals of DC Circuit is structured to ensure you have all the adequate skills to secure a position in this competitive industry. You will achieve the confidence and competency to bear all the responsibilities of this profession. The course will add all the right credentials to your resume and increase your employability in this growing industry. Learning Outcomes Develop your understanding of basic electric properties and nature of electricity. Learn the properties of conductors and insulators Gain knowledge of current and electric circuits Gain practical understanding of common electrical terms voltage, current and resistance and electric power Understand the ohm's law and know how to use this law to solve series and parallel circuits Learn about electrical properties such as electric field, magnetism, capacitance and inductance. Know how capacitors and inductors work. Who is this course for? Anyone who is now employed in this field or who aspires to be one should take this course. Your knowledge will grow through taking this course, which will also strengthen your resume. To demonstrate your newly gained knowledge, develop crucial abilities and receive a professional credential. Entry Requirement This course is available to all learners, of all academic backgrounds. Learners should be aged 16 or over to undertake the qualification. Good understanding of English language, numeracy and ICT are required to attend this course. Certification After you have successfully completed the course, you will be able to obtain an Accredited Certificate of Achievement. You can however also obtain a Course Completion Certificate following the course completion without sitting for the test. Certificates can be obtained either in hardcopy at the cost of £39 or in PDF format at the cost of £24. PDF certificate's turnaround time is 24 hours, and for the hardcopy certificate, it is 3-9 working days. Why choose us? Affordable, engaging & high-quality e-learning study materials; Tutorial videos/materials from the industry-leading experts; Study in a user-friendly, advanced online learning platform; Efficient exam systems for the assessment and instant result; The UK & internationally recognized accredited qualification; Access to course content on mobile, tablet or desktop from anywhere anytime; The benefit of career advancement opportunities; 24/7 student support via email. Career Path The Basic Electricity and Fundamentals of DC Circuit course is intended to assist you in obtaining the dream job or maybe the promotion you've always desired. With the assistance and direction of our Basic Electricity and Fundamentals of DC Circuit course, learn the vital abilities and knowledge you require to succeed in your life. Basic Electricity and Fundamentals of DC Circuit Module 01: Intro Basic Electricity 00:07:00 Module 02: The Nature of Electricity 00:20:00 Module 03: Conductors & Insulators 00:08:00 Module 04: Current and Electric Circuits 00:13:00 Module 05: Ohm's Law 00:06:00 Module 06: Electric Power 00:12:00 Module 07: Series & Parallel Circuits 00:18:00 Module 08: Circuit Theorems 01:31:00 Module 09: Theorem Example Explained 00:14:00 Module 10: Electric Fields and Capacitance 00:26:00 Module 11: Magnetism and Inductance 00:49:00 Module 12: Transient Response Capacitors & Inductors 00:10:00 Certificate and Transcript Order Your Certificates and Transcripts 00:00:00
Overview Learn about Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma from industry experts and boost your professional skill. This Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma course will enhance your skill and make you ready for the job market. You'll get expert opinions about the best practices and problems of Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma. You'll also gain the skills of Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma to excel in your job and tips to master professional skills in no time. You'll be connected with the community of Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma professionals and gain first-hand experience of Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma problem-solving. The Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma is self-paced. You can complete your course and attend the examination in your suitable schedule. After completing the Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma, you'll be provided with a CPD accredited certificate which will boost your CV and help you get your dream job. This Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma will provide you with the latest information and updates of Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma. It will keep you one step ahead of others and increase your chances of growth. Why buy this Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma? Unlimited access to the course for forever Digital Certificate, Transcript, student ID all included in the price Absolutely no hidden fees Directly receive CPD accredited qualifications after course completion Receive one to one assistance on every weekday from professionals Immediately receive the PDF certificate after passing Receive the original copies of your certificate and transcript on the next working day Easily learn the skills and knowledge from the comfort of your home Certification After studying the course materials of the Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma you will be able to take the MCQ test that will assess your knowledge. After successfully passing the test you will be able to claim the pdf certificate for £5.99. Original Hard Copy certificates need to be ordered at an additional cost of £9.60. Who is this course for? This Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma does not require you to have any prior qualifications or experience. You can just enrol and start learning. Prerequisites This Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma was made by professionals and it is compatible with all PC's, Mac's, tablets and smartphones. You will be able to access the course from anywhere at any time as long as you have a good enough internet connection. Career path As this course comes with multiple courses included as bonus, you will be able to pursue multiple occupations. This Basic Electricity, Ohm's Law and Circuit Analysis Diploma is a great way for you to gain multiple skills from the comfort of your home. Course Curriculum Ch - 00 Intro Basic Electricity Ch - 00 Intro Basic Electricity 00:08:00 Ch - 01 The Nature of Electricity Ch - 01 The Nature of Electricity 00:20:00 Ch - 02 Conductors & Insulators Ch - 02 Conductors & Insulators 00:08:00 Ch - 03 Current and Electric Circuits Ch - 03 Current and Electric Circuits 00:13:00 Ch - 04 Ohm's Law Ch - 04 Ohm's Law 00:06:00 Ch - 05 Electric Power Ch - 05 Electric Power 00:12:00 Ch - 06 Series & Parallel Circuits Ch - 06 Series & Parallel Circuits 00:18:00 Ch - 07 Circuit Theorems Ch - 07 Circuit Theorems 01:31:00 Ch - 08 Electric Fields and Capacitance Ch - 08 Electric Fields and Capacitance 00:26:00 Ch - 09 Magnetism and Inductance Ch - 09 Magnetism and Inductance 00:49:00 Ch - 10 Transient Response Capacitors & Inductors Ch - 10 Transient Response Capacitors & Inductors 00:10:00
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From Quality Tools and Methods Management to Customer Relationship Management, this bundle covers everything you need to know to become a successful QA Manager. Enrolling in this bundle will not only enhance your knowledge but also boost your career prospects. With the demand for Quality Assurance Managers increasing day by day, this bundle will make you a valuable asset to any organisation. Don't miss this opportunity to take your career to the next level. Enrol in the Quality Assurance (QA) Manager bundle today and become a master in your field! This Quality Assurance (QA) Manager Bundle Package includes: Course 01: Certificate in Quality Assurance (QA) Manager at QLS Level 3 10 Premium Additional CPD QS Accredited Courses - Course 01: Quality Tools and Methods Management Course 02: Quality Management and Strategic Training - ISO 9001 Course 03: Operations Management: Process Mapping & Supply Chain Course 04: Supply Chain Advisor Course 05: Production Manager Course 06: Lean Process and Six Sigma Training Course Course 07: Supervisor Training Course 08: Compliance Risk and Management Course 09: Customer Relationship Management Course 10: Internal Audit Analyst Training Why Prefer This Quality Assurance (QA) Manager Bundle? You will receive a completely free certificate from the Quality Licence Scheme Option to purchase 10 additional certificates accredited by CPD Get a free Student ID Card - (£10 postal charges will be applicable for international delivery) Free assessments and immediate success results 24/7 Tutor Support After taking this Quality Assurance (QA) Manager bundle courses, you will be able to learn: Understand the principles of Quality Assurance Management Develop skills in Quality Tools and Methods of Management Gain knowledge in Quality Management and Strategic Training - ISO 9001 Learn about Operations Management, Process Mapping, and Supply Chain Develop skills in Lean Process and Six Sigma Training Gain knowledge in Compliance Risk and Management Learn about Internal Audit Analyst Training ***Curriculum breakdown of Quality Assurance (QA) Manager*** Concept of Quality Concept of Quality Key Terms Categories Customer Input to Quality Customer Input Plan Quality Plan Quality Design of Experiments Quality Control Quality Control Control Charts Sampling Six Sigma Six Sigma The Steps The 6 Six Sigma Challenges How is the Quality Assurance (QA) ManagerBundle Assessment Process? You have to complete the assignment questions given at the end of the course and score a minimum of 60% to pass each exam. Our expert trainers will assess your assignment and give you feedback after you submit the assignment. You will be entitled to claim a certificate endorsed by the Quality Licence Scheme after you successfully pass the exams. CPD 220 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? This bundle is perfect for: Professionals looking to enhance their knowledge in Quality Assurance Management Individuals seeking to advance their career in Quality Assurance Individuals looking to develop their skills in Quality Tools and Methods of Management Anyone who wants to learn about Operations Management, Process Mapping, and Supply Chain Career path Our courses will prepare you for a range of careers, including: Quality Assurance Manager: £30,000 - £70,000 per year Operations Manager: £25,000 - £65,000 per year Production Manager: £25,000 - £55,000 per year Supply Chain Advisor: £35,000 - £60,000 per year Compliance Manager: £30,000 - £70,000 per year Internal Auditor: £25,000 - £55,000 per year Certificates Certificate in Quality Assurance (QA) Manager at QLS Level 3 Hard copy certificate - Included CPD QS Accredited Certificate Digital certificate - Included Upon successfully completing the Bundle, you will need to place an order to receive a PDF Certificate for each course within the bundle. These certificates serve as proof of your newly acquired skills, accredited by CPD QS. Also, the certificates are recognised throughout the UK and internationally. CPD QS Accredited Certificate Hard copy certificate - Included International students are subject to a £10 delivery fee for their orders, based on their location.
Master the art of project planning, scheduling, and resource management with Oracle Primavera P6 PPM Professional. The course offers a streamlined approach to efficiently manage projects and includes workshops for intermediate-level users to apply their knowledge in practice.
Duration 2 Days 12 CPD hours This course is intended for CxO?s IT Managers/ Directors Senior Project Officers Project & Program Coordinator/Managers Operations Managers Quality Managers Business Analysts Engineering Managers IT Infrastructure Managers Internal Consultants Professional Consultants Overview The purpose of the Practitioner certification is to confirm whether the candidate has achieved sufficient know-how to apply and tailor Change Management guidance in a given organizational change situation. A successful Practitioner candidate should, with suitable direction, be able to start applying the Change Management approaches and techniques to a real change initiative - but may not be sufficiently skilled to do this appropriately for all situations. Their individual Change Management expertise, complexity of the change initiative and the support provided for the use of Change Management approaches in their work environment will all be factors that impact what the Practitioner can achieve. Successful candidates will have fulfilled the knowledge requirements for Change Management Institute accreditation. Dealing with change and more importantly, the impact of change is a high priority for all organizations. The Change Management Certification has been developed by APMG in partnership with the Change Management Institute (CMI), an independent, global professional association of change managers. Together they have developed a professional ?body of knowledge? for the discipline of change management. This body of knowledge now provides an independent benchmark for the professional knowledge expected of an effective change manager. APMG?s refreshed Change Management certification is fully aligned with the change management body of knowledge. Prerequisites The change management foundation certificate is required to sit the practitioner level exam. 1 - Change Impact Levers for change Levels of adoptions and critical mass Reinforcing systems 2 - Exam Preparation Change Management Practitioner exam preparation Change Management Practitioner exam
Duration 2 Days 12 CPD hours This course is intended for The target audience for the DevOps Leader course are professionals including: Anyone starting or leading a DevOps cultural transformation program, Anyone interested in modern IT leadership and organizational change approaches, Business Managers, Business Stakeholders, Change Agents, Consultants, DevOps Consultants, DevOps Engineers, IT Directors, IT Managers, IT Team, Leaders, Lean Coaches, Practitioners, Product Owners, Scrum Masters, System Integrators, Tool Providers Overview The learning objectives for DOL include a practical understanding of: - DevOps and time to market - The business and IT perspectives - Key differences between DevOps IT and traditional IT - Planning and organizing - Understanding performance and culture - Measurement differences - Designing a DevOps organization - Focusing on what matters - Ideas for organizing workflows - Sharing information - Defining meaningful metrics - Value stream mapping - The Spotify Squad model - Managing culture change - Popular tools and key practices - Putting it all together The DevOps Leader course is a unique and practical experience for participants who want to take a transformational leadership approach and make an impact within their organization by implementing DevOps. Leading people through a cultural transformation requires new skills, innovative thinking, and transformational leadership. Leaders up, down and across the IT organization must align and collaborate to break down silos and evolve the organization. The course highlights the human dynamics of cultural change and equips participants with practices, methods, and tools to engage people across the DevOps spectrum through the use of real-life scenarios and case studies. Upon completion of the course, participants will have tangible takeaways to leverage when back in the office such as understanding Value Stream Mapping. Prerequisites DevOps Foundation 1 - DevOps and Time What Is DevOps? Why Do DevOps Companies Doing DevOps The Magic Equation 2 - Key Differences Between DevOps IT and Traditional IT What Sets DevOps IT apart from Traditional IT How DevOps IT is Organized Differently How to Perform to a Different Standard How to Use Different Measurements 3 - Becoming a DevOps organization Transformational Leadership Redesigning An Organization for DevOps Design Principles Focus Work Information Metrics 4 - Value Stream Mapping What is Value Stream Mapping? Why Do We Need to Use this Framework? Types of Maps How to Create a Value Stream Map? Types of Data to Collect How to Handle Exceptions 5 - Value Stream Mapping Exercise 6 - Squad Organizational Model Conway's Law The Problem with Silos Spotify?s Squad Organization Model (Structure, Roles) Squads Tribes Chapters Guilds How to Reorganize in Order to Move to this Model 7 - Managing Culture Change What is Culture and How Does it Impact Performance? Types of IT Culture Cultural Traits of a DevOps Organization How to Manage Change 8 - Culture and its Impact on Performance Types of IT Culture What is a DevOps Culture How To Manage Change The Three Phases Of Change Types of Changes That Need to be Implemented 9 - Popular DevOps Tools and Practices DevOps Tools Periodic Table Top DevOps Tool Categories Common and Popular Practices 10 - Building a Business Case 11 - Bringing it all Together 12 - Additional Sources of Information 13 - Exam Preparations Exam Requirements, Question Weighting, and Terminology List Sample Exam Review Additional course details: Nexus Humans DevOps Leader (DevOps Institute) training program is a workshop that presents an invigorating mix of sessions, lessons, and masterclasses meticulously crafted to propel your learning expedition forward. This immersive bootcamp-style experience boasts interactive lectures, hands-on labs, and collaborative hackathons, all strategically designed to fortify fundamental concepts. Guided by seasoned coaches, each session offers priceless insights and practical skills crucial for honing your expertise. Whether you're stepping into the realm of professional skills or a seasoned professional, this comprehensive course ensures you're equipped with the knowledge and prowess necessary for success. While we feel this is the best course for the DevOps Leader (DevOps Institute) course and one of our Top 10 we encourage you to read the course outline to make sure it is the right content for you. Additionally, private sessions, closed classes or dedicated events are available both live online and at our training centres in Dublin and London, as well as at your offices anywhere in the UK, Ireland or across EMEA.
LTE Architecture and Protocols course description This course provides a comprehensive tour of the LTE architecture along with services provided and the protocols used. What will you learn Describe the overall architecture of LTE. Explain the information flows through LTE. Describe the LTE security. Describe LTE mobility management. Recognise the next steps for LTE. LTE Architecture and Protocols course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with LTE. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Duration 3 days LTE Architecture and Protocols course contents Introduction History, LTE key features. The 4G ITU process. The LTE 3GPP specifications. Specifications. System Architecture LTE hardware architecture. UE architecture and capabilities. E-UTRAN and eNB. EPC, MME functions, SGW, PGW and PCRF. System interfaces and protocol stacks. Example information flows. Dedicated and default bearers. EMM, ECM, RRC state diagrams. Radio transmission and reception OFDMA, SC-FDMA, MIMO antennas. Air interface protocol stack. Logical, transport and physical channels. Frame and slot structure, the resource grid. Resource element mapping of the physical channels and signals. Cell acquisition, data transmission and random access. MAC, RLC, PDCP protocols. LTE spectrum allocation. Power-on procedures Network and cell selection. RRC connection establishment. Attach procedure, including IP address allocation and default bearer activation. LTE detach procedure. Security in LTE networks LTE security features, identity confidentiality, ciphering and integrity protection. Architecture of network access security in LTE. Secure key hierarchy. Authentication and key agreement procedure. Security mode command procedure. Network domain security architecture. Security associations using IKE and IPSec. Mobility management RRC_IDLE, RRC_CONNECTED. Cell reselection, tracking area updates. Measurement reporting. X2 and S1 based handovers. Interoperation with UMTS, GSM and non-3GPP technologies such as cdma2000. QoS, policy control and charging QoS in LTE, EPS bearers, service data flows and packet flows. The architecture and signalling procedures for policy and charging control. Data transport using GPRS, differentiated services and MPLS. Offline and online charging in LTE. Delivery of voice and text messages over LTE Difficulties and solutions for Voice over LTE. Architecture and call setup procedures for circuit switched fallback. Architecture, protocols and call setup procedures in IP multimedia subsystem. Enhancements in release 9 LTE location services. Multimedia broadcast / multicast service and MBSFN. Cell selection, commercial mobile alert service. LTE Advanced and release 10 Impact of carrier aggregation on LTE air interface. Enhanced MIMO processing on uplink and downlink. Relaying. Release 11 and beyond. OAM and self organising networks Operation, administration, maintenance and provisioning for LTE. Self-configuration of base station parameters. Fractional frequency re-use, inter-cell interference co-ordination. Self-optimisation of base station procedures. Self-healing to detect and recover from faults.
Windows clustering training course description This course covers high availability and disaster recovery technologies such as live migration, storage migration and Hyper-V Replica, as well as providing indepth coverage of failover clustering including a detailed implementation of failover clustering of Hyper- V using SoFS. The course also covers System Center Virtual Machine Manager and implementing Network Load Balancing (NLB) and load balancing clusters. What will you learn Plan and implement a failover cluster. Describe managing server roles and clustering resources. Implement and manage virtual machines. Use System Center Virtual Machine Manager. Describe cloud-based storage and high availability solutions. Implement a Network Load Balancing (NLB) cluster. Windows clustering training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with Microsoft clusters. Prerequisites: Supporting Microsoft Windows server Duration 3 days Windows clustering training course contents High Availability in Windows Server Defining levels of availability, High Availability and disaster recovery solutions with Hyper-V Virtual Machines, High Availability with failover clustering in Windows Server. Hands on Configuring High Availability and Disaster Recovery. Implementing failover clustering Planning a failover cluster, creating a new failover cluster. Hands on Creating and Administering a Cluster. Server roles and clustering resources Configuring highly available applications and services on a failover cluster, managing and maintaining a failover cluster, troubleshooting a failover cluster, implementing site high availability with multisite failover clusters. Hands on Managing server roles and clustering resources. Failover clustering with Hyper-V Overview of integrating Hyper-V with failover clustering, implementing Hyper-V with failover clustering, managing and maintaining Hyper-V Virtual Machines on failover clusters. Hands on Implementing failover clustering by using Hyper-V Storage Infrastructure Management with Virtual Machine Manager Virtual Machine Manager, managing storage infrastructure with Virtual Machine Manager, provisioning failover clustering in Virtual Machine Manager. Hands on Managing storage infrastructure. Cloud-Based storage and High Availability Azure storage solutions and infrastructure, cloud integrated storage with StorSimple, disaster recovery with Azure Site Recovery. Hands on Managing cloud-based storage and high availability Network Load Balancing Clusters Overview of NLB, configuring an NLB cluster, planning NLB. Hands on Implementing a Network Load Balancing Cluster
5G training course description This course is designed to give the delegate an understanding of the technologies and interworking requirements of the next generation of cellular communications. It is not a definitive set of descriptions but a possibility of the final deployment. During the course we will investigate the 10 pillars for 5G, which will include various Radio Access Technologies that are required to interwork smoothly. Hence we will look at the 4G Pro features and other RATs. What will you learn List the ten pillars of 5G deployment. Explain the 5G Internet and Software Distributed Networks (SDN). Explain carrier aggregation, the mobile cloud and RAT virtualisation. Explain an overall picture of 5G architecture. 5G training course details Who will benefit: Anyone who is looking to work with next generation networks. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Duration 3 days 5G training course contents Drivers for 5G 5G Road Map, 10 Pillars of 5G, evolving RATs, small cell, o SON, MTCm, mm-wave, backhaul, EE, new spectrum, spectrum sharing, RAN virtualisation. 4G LTE advanced features *MIMO, Downlink & uplink MIMO R8, MIMO technology in LTE advanced, Downlink 8-layer SU-MIMO, Downlink MU-MIMO, Uplink MU-MIMO, Uplink transmit diversity, Coordinated multi-point operation (CoMP), Independent eNB & remote base station configurations, Downlink CoMP, * Uplink Multi-Cell Reception. ICIC & eICIC ICIC, Homogeneous to heterogeneous network, eICIC, Macro-pico scenario, Macro-femto scenario, Time orthogonal frequencies. Almost Blank Subframe (ABS). Carrier aggregation Component carriers (CC), * CC aggregation, Intra-band contiguous solutions, Intra-band non-contiguous solutions, Inter-band non-contiguous solutions, CA bandwidth classes, Aggregated transmission bandwidth configurations (ATBC), Possible carrier aggregation configurations (Rel 9, 10 & 12). Enhanced Interference Mitigation & Traffic Adaptation (eIMTA) TDD UL-DL reconfiguration for traffic adaptation, Reconfiguration mechanisms, Interference mitigation schemes, Dynamic & flexible resource allocation. 5G architectures 5G in Europe, horizon 2020 framework, 5G infrastructure PPP, METIS project, innovation centre, 5G in North America, research, company R & D, 5G specifications. The 5G internet Cloud services, IoT & context awareness, network reconfiguration & virtualization support, hypervisors, SDN, the controller, service-oriented API, OpenFlow switches, SDN operation, SDN control for traffic flow redirection, OpenFlow controllers, how SDN works, application, control and infrastructure layers, a programmable network, how SDN & NFV tie together, SDN's downside, SDN orchestration, Mobility, architectures for distributed mobility management, MEDIEVAL & MEDIVO projects, a clean slate approach, mobility first architecture, network virtualization (VNet), INM, NetInf, ForMux, MEEM, GP & AM, QoS support, network resource provisioning, IntServ, RSVP, DiffServ, CoS, aggregated resource provisioning, SICAP, MARA, Emerging approach for resource over-provisioning, example use case architecture for the 5G internet, integrating SDN/NFV for efficient resource control, control information repository, service admission control policies, network resource provisioning, control enforcement functions, network configurations, network operations. Small cells for 5G Average spectral efficiency evolution, What are small cells? WiFi & Femto cells as candidate small-cell technologies, Capacity limits & achievable gains with densifications, gains with multi-antenna techniques, gains with small cells, Mobile data demand, approach & methodology, subscriber density projections, traffic demand projections, global mobile data traffic increase modelling, country level backhaul traffic projections, 2020 average spectrum requirement, Small cell challenges, backhaul, spectrum, automation. Cooperation for next generation wireless networks Cooperative diversity & relaying strategies, Cooperative ARQ & MAC protocols, NCCARQ & PRCSMA packet exchange, Physical layer impact on MAC protocol, NCCARQ overview, PHY layer impact, Performance evaluation, simulation scenario and results. Mobile clouds; technology & services for future communications platforms Mobile cloud, software, hardware and networking resources, Mobile cloud enablers, mobile user domain, wireless technologies, WWAN WLAN and WPAN range, Bluetooth, IEEE.802.15.4, software stacks, infrared, near field communications (NFC), store & forward vs compute & forward, random/linear network coding. Security for 5G communications Potential 5G architectures, Security issues & challenges in 5G, user equipment, mobile malware attacks, 5G mobile botnets, attacks on 4G networks, C-RNTI & packet sequence numbers based UE location tracking, false buffer status reports attacks, message insertion attacks, HeNB attacks, physical attacks, attacks on mobile operator's network, user data & identity attacks, DDoS attacks, amplification, HSS saturation, external IP networks.