495 Engineer courses in Cheshunt

About this training course This 5-days comprehensive training not only an introduction into the issue associated with the development of oil and gas fields but also provides an in depth understanding of the issues to be considered in the development of these fields. The theme throughout this training course is Flow Assurance and Innovative Technologies. Each day consists of lectures in the morning and a hands-on workshop in the afternoon. The workshop allows the participants to appreciate the design process associated with field developments. Various software will be available during the workshop to predict Multiphase flows through wells, pipelines and risers, as well as evaluating reservoir production profiles using alternative technologies to develop reservoirs. Further software to assess Surge and environmental safety will also be available. The field design approach will consider an integrated solution through modelling the reservoir decline, wells, flowlines, risers and the host facility. The participants will have a total appreciation of the methodology required to develop offshore oil and gas fields and have an understanding of all of the Flow Assurance issues and technology requirements. Training Objectives After the completion of this training course, participants will be able to: Understand the process required and identify data to analyse Flow Assurance for oil and gas fields. Examine and Identify the Flow Assurance issues required to be evaluated for oil and gas fields design. These include; Wax, Hydrates, Slugging, Corrosion, Sand Erosion, Scaling and Surge. Establish the studies to be undertaken for each area of Flow Assurance including 'Rules of Thumb' and software to be used. Prioritize the need for innovative methods and the technologies to solve Flow Assurance issues and the need for economics considerations. Appreciate the need for an integrated analysis of the oil and fields from the reservoir to the host processing facility. Gain an appreciation of the emerging and enabling technologies for offshore fields application. Dive deeper into the operational strategies requirements to mitigate Flow Assurance issues. Target Audience This training course is suitable and will greatly benefit the following specific groups: Reservoir Engineers Flow Assurance Engineers Thermodynamics Engineers Process and Chemical Engineers Pipeline Engineers Facilities Engineers Control and Subsea Engineers working in the Oil and Gas industries Engineers in other disciplines may attend that require an appreciation of Flow Assurance Course Level Intermediate Training Methods The training instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught in their own organization. Course Duration: 5 days in total (35 hours). Training Schedule 0830 - Registration 0900 - Start of training 1030 - Morning Break 1045 - Training recommences 1230 - Lunch Break 1330 - Training recommences 1515 - Evening break 1530 - Training recommences 1700 - End of Training Course delivery: This course is limited to a maximum of 20 participants only. A basic understanding of thermo-hydraulics would be advantageous. Morning Lectures and afternoon hands-on practical workshop. Special features: PC-based simulation software demonstration Workshop for hands-on training Course References & Additional resources: 'Flow Assurance for Oil and Gas Fields Production Transport', 1st Edition Handouts Pre & Post Assessment Trainer Your expert course leader is a renowned specialist in flow assurance management for the oil & gas field developments. His expertise enables him to support the operating and contracting companies as well as financial institutions regarding due diligence on offshore development investment decisions and associated operational system risks. Technical assessment of fields for acquisition and production enhancement opportunity. He possesses specialist expertise in evaluating difficult pipeline fluids transport such as Ethylene, Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen through feasibility studies and technical reviews for clients. He has an exceptional academic background and natural leadership abilities are supported by practical experience of diverse projects worldwide, along with numerous publications at key conferences and publication of four books. Particular interests in developing novel and innovative technologies for subsea applications to solve difficult flow assurance problem areas and improve field development economics. He has worked on major industry projects including; Concorde aircraft fuelling system, the Channel Tunnel aerodynamics and the first deep water oil field development (Foinaven) in the West of Shetland. He is also currently developing a renewable energy solar farm and carbon neutral energy crop (Miscanthus) for domestic and commercial power generation application. He has developed in-house resources including specialist oil & gas field development evaluation software for subsea and onshore field infrastructure development options including; costing and financial analysis, reservoir viability, flow assurance assessment, subsea processing and boosting technologies, flow induced vibrations, surge analysis, heat transfer and chemical injection systems.

Asterisk training course description This 3 day hands on Asterisk training course covers all the ground for you to get an Asterisk PBX installed and configured. After installation the course progresses from a simple first configuration onto VoIP and PSTN integration along with the provision of PBX features such as ACD and IVR. Practical sessions follow each major section to reinforce the theory. What will you learn Install and configure Asterisk. Connect Asterisk to the Internet and PSTN. Integrate VoIP and the PSTN. Configure Asterisk for PBX features such as voicemail, ACD and IVR. Asterisk training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with or evaluating Asterisk. Prerequisites: None although hands on experience of UNIX systems would be beneficial, as would knowledge of VoIP. Duration 3 days Asterisk training course contents What is Asterisk? PBXs, what Asterisk does, Asterisk features, Asterisk VoIP support, Asterisk and the Internet, Asterisk and the PSTN, hosted VoIP systems. Asterisk installation Linux installation, Asterisk package compilation and installation. Timing sources. Hands on Installing Asterisk Managing Asterisk Starting/stopping Asterisk, command arguments, Asterisk commands, log files, logger.conf, remote management. Hands on Controlling Asterisk. First Asterisk configuration The role of SIP, IP phones, DHCP, IP addressing, sip.conf, extensions.conf. Hands on Simple SIP configuration Asterisk architecture Server hardware, interfaces, channels, Zaptel, Digium, Asterisk filesystem, connections. The configuration files, syntax, asterisk.conf. Hands on Adding hardware for Asterisk, exploring the configuration files. DAHDI configuration Digium hardware, DAHDI architecture, DAHDI installation, DAHDI configuration, system.conf, FXS, FXO, E1, chan_dahdi.conf, dahdi_cfg, DAHDI tools. Hands on Connecting Asterisk to the PSTN. Dial plans extensions.conf detail, contexts, priorities. Hands on Configuring dial plans. SIP configuration sip.conf in detail, defining SIP channels, incoming SIP channels, outgoing SIP channels, SIP variables, Asterisk as a SIP client and SIP server. Hands on SIP configuration. IAX configuration What is IAX, IAX server, IAX client, IAX channels, iax.conf, IAX syntax in extensions.conf, IAX trunking. Hands on Linking Asterisk systems. Implementing PBX functions Voicemail, voicemail trees, voicemail passwords, Music on hold, meetme conferencing, call parking. ACD, IVR, fax. Hands on Configuring PBX features.

Definitive Ethernet switching course description A hands on comprehensive look at Ethernet switches with extensive coverage of VLANs. The course focuses on the technology and not any one manufacturers product enabling delegates to configure switches from any manufacturer. What will you learn Configure and troubleshoot switches using: Console port telnet HTTP TFTP Configure and troubleshoot switch features such as: Duplex/speed Port based MAC security Spanning Tree Link aggregation Tagged ports Configure and troubleshoot VLANs. Definitive Ethernet switching course details Who will benefit: Technical staff. Prerequisites: Intro to data communications & networking. Duration 3 days Definitive Ethernet switching course contents What is Ethernet? LANs, network cards and cables, CSMA/CD, Ethernet frames, Ethernet evolution, 802.3. Hands on: ping, Ethernet speeds, CSMA/CD. Ethernet layer 2 Layer 2 functions, NICs, MAC addresses, unicasts, multicasts and broadcasts, frame formats. Hands on: Configuring NICs, Analysing MAC addresses with Wireshark IP and Ethernet Relationship Hands on: ARP. What is a switch? Switches connect multiple devices, switches versus hubs, simultaneous conversations, switches work at layer 2, the forwarding database, how the forwarding database is built, broadcast and collision domains Hands on: Difference between hubs and switches. Switch configuration Switch configuration Managed/unmanaged switches, configuration methods, reasons to configure switches. Console ports, HyperTerminal (and alternatives). Hands on: Using the console port to troubleshoot and configure switches. Switches in more detail Latency, forwarding mechanisms, switch fabrics. Hands on: Using telnet and HTTP to switches. Ethernet extensions Auto negotiation, Power over Ethernet. Hands on:Configuring and troubleshooting switch ports: Speed, duplex and security. Redundant links Loops, broadcast storms, STP, BPDU format, STP convergence. Hands on: Tracking blocked ports. STP convergence. Backbone links Architectures, link aggregation, LACP, load sharing, resilience. Hands on: fail over times. VLANs Virtual versus physical LANs, Why have VLANs? Broadcast domains, Creating VLANs, Assigning ports to VLANs. Hands on: Analysing the effect of VLANs on traffic. Enterprise VLANs VLANS are internal, multiple VLANs, Load balancing, Default VLAN, VLAN registration protocols: VTP, GVRP, MVRP. Hands on: VLANs on multiple switches. Tagging/Trunking Reason for tagging, terminology, tagging process, 802.1Q, Tag format, VLAN stacking. Hands on: Configuring and troubleshooting tags. STP variants RSTP, Common STP, Multiple STP, PVST, ring alternatives. Hands on: RSTP. Inter VLANs Layer 3 switching, IP addressing rules, Interconnecting VLANs. Hands on: Routing between VLANs. Troubleshooting Ethernet Methods, tools, locating faults, layer 1 issues, layer 2 issues Hands on: Fixing the network.

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About this Training Course Process Hazard Assessment using the HAZOP Technique is an intensely participative course that will both explain the key facets of the HAZOP technique as well as provide ample opportunities for participants to practice and become familiar with the technique using generic and real-life examples. HAZOP Team Leader Training is an intensely participative course that will develop participants already familiar with the HAZOP technique, the skills, knowledge and attributes of a HAZOP Team Leader. An in-depth syndicate exercise will provide the opportunity to lead a HAZOP team (consisting of other participants) and to be observed performing the role for constructive feedback. This 5 full-day course has been reviewed and approved by the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE). IChemE is the global professional membership organisation for chemical, biochemical and process engineers and other professionals involved in the chemical, process and bioprocess industries. Their knowledge of professional standards, close involvement with industry, education and regulators, and their expertise as a leading global training provider, means they are uniquely positioned to independently assess and approve training courses and professional development programmes across the world. Training Objectives Process Hazard Assessment using the HAZOP Technique By the end of this course, participants will be able to: Understand the basic HAZOP Technique Fulfill roles as competent HAZOP Team Members Understand the role of HAZOP in risk management Understand how Hazard Identification can predict accidents and incidents Understand how HAZOP complements other hazard identification tool HAZOP Team Leader Training By the end of this course, participants will be able to: Understand the role of the HAZOP Team Leader Practise the role in a classroom environment Provide feedback to participants on their performance as HAZOP Team Leaders Appreciate the leadership skills required as HAZOP Team Leader Plan, organise, manage and successfully undertake a Hazard and Operability study Target Audience This course will benefit: All key persons in the organisation, who by their discipline and/or position, are likely to be called on to initiate, participate or review a HAZOP study. All who have responsibility for the management and supervision of process & safety including but not limited to Senior Management, Plant Managers, Process and Maintenance Engineers (all disciplines), Line Supervisors, Team Leaders, Safety Specialists, and Process Training Instructors. Course Level Basic or Foundation Trainer Your expert course leader has 50 years' experience in chemical and process safety engineering. His early career included 20 years in design and project engineering with various fine chemical and pharmaceutical companies where he designed chemical processes, specified plant equipment and selected materials for highly corrosive and toxic processes, often where textbook data was not available. This was followed by 10 years in offshore oil and gas design projects where he was responsible for setting up a Technical Safety group to change design safety practices in the aftermath of the 1988 Piper Alpha disaster. In recent years, he has been called upon to conduct various offshore and onshore incident investigations. His career has given him experience in project engineering, project management, process design and operations, safety engineering and risk management. He is a Fellow of the UK Institution of Chemical Engineers. He served on the Scottish Branch committee, and was elected chairman for a two-year term in 1991. He has also been chairman of the Safety and Reliability Society - North of Scotland Branch. He has delivered training courses in Process Hazard Analysis (HAZOP and HAZID), Process Safety Management, Hazard Awareness, Risk Assessment, Root Cause Analysis, Failure Modes & Effect Analysis and has lectured on Reliability Analysis to the M.Sc. course in Process Safety and Loss Prevention at Sheffield University. In addition to delivering training courses, he currently facilitates HAZOP / HAZID / LOPA studies and undertakes expert witness roles advising lawyers engaged in contractual disputes, usually involving the design or construction of chemical plants or Oil & Gas production facilities, or criminal prosecutions. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Video conferencing over IP course description A current hot topic in recent years has been the provision of multimedia services over IP networks - triple play. This course investigates the characteristics of video transmission and then studies the impact on IP networks. What will you learn Describe the issues of video and data convergence. Describe techniques, which can be used in IP to provide low uniform delay. Evaluate video technologies. Design data networks, which will support video.. Video conferencing over IP course details Who will benefit: Technical staff. Prerequisites: TCP/IP fundamentals Intro to data communications & networking Duration 3 days Video conferencing over IP course contents Review Traditional video, digital video, video formats, MPEG, brief review of IP, Uses of video: downloading, streaming, TV, CCTV, conferencing. Video over IP issues Delivery methods: FTTH, ADSL, VDSL, 3G and others. Bandwidth, delay, jitter, signalling. Digitising video, CODECS, packetising video, comparison of techniques. IP performance and QOS IP TOS field, queuing strategies; FIFO, WFQ, custom, priority, RED. Differentiated services, diffserv. Video over IP protocol stack RTP, RTCP, mixers and translators, RSVP. IPv6. Conferencing Traditional solutions, Video conferencing over IP, point to point, multipoint, architectures, bridges. IETF - Session Initiation Protocol Comparison with H.323, SIP proxy, proxy server, redirect server. SDP. Multicasting Multicasting compared to unicasting and broadcasting, when to use and when not to use multicasting. IGMP, DVMRP, PIM. Security Impact of firewalls and NAT, ISMA, DRM, DTCP.

About this Training Course This 5 full-day course will focus on geological fundamentals: how different basin types differ in subsidence mechanisms, basin cycles, heat flow through time, depositional systems, structural styles and their type of petroleum systems. This will allow participants to make realistic interpretations in new areas; interpretations that are consistent with the specific basin type and to be expected depositional systems and structural styles. In addition, through simple paper-based exercises, the course will provide background and understanding of how some of the typical PBE products are made: creaming curves, Field-size plots and Yet-to-find. Finally, the essentials of commercial assessments will be covered. Training Objectives To provide participants with a sound understanding how, and under which conditions different basin types develop, and what the impact of their development is on the typical petroleum systems of these different basin types. To teach evaluation techniques that assist in the regional understanding and illustration of sedimentary basins and their development. While some of these techniques can be done using computers, in the course these will be done 'by hand' for maximum understanding. Target Audience This course is designed in the first place for geoscientists working in exploration and their direct supervisors. The course is also very instructive for specialist staff working closely with exploration staff such as (bio)stratigraphers, geochemists, basin modelers, structural geologists, geophysicists, reservoir engineers and petrophysicists. Course Level Intermediate Training Methods Each topic is introduced by a lecture, and leaning is re-enforced by practical exercises (on paper). There is ample time for discussions of general issues and any specific questions participants may have. For several exercises participants will be invited to do exercises on a basin of their choice, which will make the course more impactful for the participants. Participants will be provided with the following pre-read material: Concepts of Conventional Petroleum Systems. De Jager, J. (2020). Invited contribution for Regional Geology and Tectonics Volume 1: Global Concepts, Techniques and Methodology (eds: Adam, J., Chiarelly, D. & Scarselli, N. Play-Based Exploration of the petroleum potential of the Tremp-Graus, Ainsa and eastern Jaca Sub-basins in the southern De Jager, J & van Winden, M. (2020). invited contribution for Digital Learning - Multi-scale analysis of depositional systems and their subsurface workflows (eds: Grötsch, J. & Pöppelreiter, M.), EAGE. Trainer Your expert course leader has a PhD in Geology from the University of Utrecht. He worked for 31 years (1979 -2010) with Shell as an exploration geologist in a variety of functions across the globe. As Principle Technical Expert, he was responsible for ensuring that Risk & Volume assessments were carried out consistently and correctly in all of Shell's exploration units. In this capacity, he led and participated in countless prospect review sessions and developed and conducted a successful in-house course on Risks & Volume assessment. As manager of the Exploration Excellence Team, he performed in depth analysis of basins and plays and provided advice on exploration opportunities to senior management. Together with his team, he visited most of Shell's exploration offices, working hands-on with Shell's local exploration teams to generate new play and prospect ideas and to suggest evaluation techniques and technologies to apply. In 2010, he was appointed as extraordinary professor Regional and Petroleum Geology at the VU university of Amsterdam and in 2012 also at the University of Utrecht. He was visiting professor at the University of Malaya (Malaysia). Through his own consultancy, as of 2010, he provides advice on exploration activities to several companies and is regularly invited to carry out technical reviews. Activities cover all continents and include Portfolio Reviews, Prospect assessment, Play-based Exploration, and Geothermal activities. He conducts courses on several topics including Risk & Volume Assessment, Prospect Maturation, Basin Analysis, Play-based Exploration, Trap & Seal Analysis, Petroleum Geology for Non-geologists. Some of his recent publications include: De Jager, J. & van Winden, M. (2020): Play-Based Exploration of the petroleum potential of the Tremp-Graus, Aínsa and eastern Jaca Sub-basins in the southern Pyrenees. Invited contribution for Digital Geology, EAGE special publication (eds: Grötsch, J. & Pöppelreiter, M.) De Jager, J. (2020). Concepts of Conventional Petroleum Systems. Invited contribution for Regional Geology and Tectonics Volume 1: Global Concepts, Techniques and Methodology (eds: Adam, J., Chiarelly, D. & Scarselli, N.) De Jager, J. (2021): Handbook Risk & Volume Assessment. Self-published De Jager, J., Van Ojik, K & Smit, R. (2023 - in preparation): Geological Development of The Netherlands. In: Geology of The Netherlands (eds: Ten Veen, J., Vis, G-J., De Jager, J. @ Wong, T.) POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Concise Cisco switches course description A hands on course covering the product specifics of Cisco switches. Installation, configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting are all covered in a practical oriented way. VLANs often take up a large part of the course. The course covers all interfaces but concentrates on using the command line interface. Delegates are, however, free to use the web based interface in all exercises. What will you learn Install Cisco switches. Use the command line interface and the web based interface to manage Cisco switches. Configure and troubleshoot Cisco switches. Perform software upgrades and maintain configurations using TFTP. Concise Cisco switches course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with Cisco switches. Particularly aimed at engineers and technicians supporting Cisco switches. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Concise Cisco switches course content Ethernet review Single segment Ethernet, CSMA/CD, Broadcast domains, collision domains. Hubs, Extending the LAN. Hands on Hub based Ethernet. Cisco switches What are switches, frame forwarding and filtering, the forwarding database. Hands on Switched based Ethernet. Configuring Cisco switches Accessing the switch, installing the switch, The CLI, connecting PCs using the switch. Hands on Configuring Cisco switches. The command line interface User and privilege modes, online help, show, basic troubleshooting. The configuration editor, Global, major and sub commands, enable, secret and other passwords. Hands on Simple troubleshooting using the CLI. Port configuration Speed, duplex, security, trunking. Hands on Port trunking. Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning Tree, Loops, effect, root bridges, bridge port states, STP reconfiguration. RSTP and variants. Hands on STP. VLANS What are VLANs, configuring VLANs, access ports and trunks, 802.1Q, inter VLAN routing. Hands on Access ports, trunks, layer 3 switching. Housekeeping Configuration management, software management, password recovery. Hands on TFTP. Managing interconnection devices SNMP, RMON, RMON II. Troubleshooting LEDs, CDP, logging, Layer 1, layer 2, layer 3. Hands on Fixing things.

Advanced RF training course description This course provides a follow on to our popular RF fundamentals course for those that need to know more. What will you learn Explain RF propagation Describe the importance of transmission lines in RF systems. Recognise the issues in RF systems. Describe transmission measurements. Advanced RF training course details Who will benefit: Those working with RF systems. Prerequisites: RF fundamentals. Duration 3 days Advanced RF training course contents RF propagation The Electromagnetic Spectrum, Electromagnetic Radiation, Spherical Wave Front, The Space Wave, Receive Antenna below the Horizon, Bending the Space Wave , Surface Wave Path, Tilting of Surface Wave, Conductivity, Layers of the Atmosphere, Variations of the Ionosphere, Variations caused by Solar Activity, Multi Hop Transmission, Classification of Radio Waves, Fading, Fading Reduction, Free Space Path Loss, Shadowing of Radio Wave, Signal Levels after Shadowing, Radio Waves as Wavelets, Fresnel Zone. Transmission Lines Transmission Line Construction, Primary Line Constants, 'T' Networks, Input Impedence, Lossless Unbalanced Line, Standing Waves, Open Circuit / Short Circuit Termination, Short Circuit Standing Waves, Open Circuit Standing Waves, Voltage Standing Wave Pattern, Short Circuit Termination, Open Circuit Termination, The Directional Coupler, Effect of E and M Coupling, Practical Reflectometer. Antenna Theory The Open Circuit Line, Dipole V/I Distribution, Polar Diagram, Power Pattern ½ Wave Dipole, Half Wave Dipole, Vehicle Mount, Centre Fed Whip Antenna, Antenna Beamwidth, The Yagi Array, Uda Yagi array, Antenna Characteristics, 6 Element Yagi Polar Diagram, Log Periodic Antenna, Helical Antenna. Microwave Dish Array, Typical Microwave Dish Antenna. Transmission Measurements Transmission Measurements, Effective Isotropic Radiated Power, Fade Margin. Noise Noise in Communications, Noise Voltage Equivalent Circuit. Satellite Communications Satellite Communications, Large Earth Station, The Satellite Payload, Geo Stationary Orbit, Basic Orbits, VSAT Terminal, Iridium Phone, The Space Segment, Satellite Footprint, Typical System Hardware. Mobile Communications Mobile Evolution, The Path to UMTS, Technologies Bit Rate and Mobility, Systems and Specifications, Wireless Networks, Diffraction, Multi Path Propagation, Loss Models, GSM Architecture, OSI Model - GSM, OSI Reference Model, OSI Layers.

Satellite communications training course description This course starts by recaping some of the essential satellite knowledge required and proceeds to explore the deeper aspects of satellite communications, including hardware, communications and error control coding. What will you learn Explain how satellite communications work. Explain how RF works Explain the architecture of satellite systems. Use spectrum analysers. Satellite communications training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with satellite systems. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days Satellite communications training course contents Basic Principles of Satellite Communications GEO, MEO and LEO satellites. Launching and orbits. Frequency bands and polarisation. Satellite footprints. Multibeam coverage. Power spectra. Link budgets. Modulation and coding. Access technologies. Earth station components. Space segment components. Satellite system services. Satellite operators. Radio frequency propagation Electromagnetic waves principles and generation. Reception of the EM wave. Space wave, sky wave and surface wave theory. The isotropic radiator. Types of antennae and their basic properties. Polar diagrams. International frequency allocation. Spectrum management and utilisation. Radio wave propagation. Line of sight propagation. Propagation for satellite comms. Free space path loss. Path attenuation. Noise and Interference. Power and its measurement. Satellite antennae and other hardware Power flux density. Effective aperture. Horn antennae. Parabolic reflector. Offset feed. Cassegrain and Gregorian antennae. Antenna feed systems - Horn, TMC, OMJ and polarizer. Antenna steering and mount systems. Array antennae. LNA, LNB, LNC. Microwave tubes - TWT and Klystron. Polarizers. Earth and Space Segments and the link Earth station antennae. Transponders. Antennae sub systems. Power supplies. Link budgets. System noise. System losses. Interference. Satellite switching. Ground Communications Equipment Baseband signals. Analogue and Digital systems. Overview of modulation - AM, FM, PM. Digital Modulation. Frequency conversion -up and down conversion. Filters, mixers, local oscillators, IF amplifiers and group delay equalisers. Access methods - single and multiple access systems. Data networks. Television transmission - analogue and digital. Digital signal compression. MPEG processing. Satellite Navigation Longitude, latitude, altitude, GPS, How GPS works, timing, alternatives to GPS. Mobile satellite services Voice and Phones, BGAN, TV, GPS to program aerial, VSAT. Error Control Coding The need for coding. Linear block codes. Cyclic codes. Convolution codes. Interleaving and concatenated codes. Coding gain. Turbo codes. Test and measurement Theory and practice of Spectrum Analysers.