26305 Courses delivered Online

The Contemporary Human Resource Management course provides a comprehensive overview of key HRM principles essential for navigating the complexities of the modern workplace. In today's dynamic business landscape, where talent acquisition, retention, and development are critical for organizational success, understanding concepts like Strategic Human Resource Management and Employee Hiring is paramount. Performance Management and Conflict Management modules equip individuals with tools to foster productivity and mitigate workplace disputes effectively. Moreover, learning about Health and Safety Management ensures compliance with regulations, safeguarding both employees and employers. Proficiency in HRM not only enhances one's professional capabilities but also opens doors to job opportunities in the UK, where demand for skilled HR professionals remains high. According to recent surveys, HR managers in the UK earn competitive salaries, with averages ranging from £30,000 to £50,000 annually. The advantages of this course are evident in the growing demand for HR professionals, with job opportunities expected to increase by 9% in the coming years. Acquiring HRM expertise is not just beneficial for career advancement but also for contributing positively to organizational success and employee well-being in today's evolving work environment. Key Features: CPD Certified Free Certificate Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Human Resource Management Module 02: Strategic Human Resource Management Module 03: Employee Hiring Module 04: Performance Management Module 05: Conflict Management Module 06: Health and Safety Management Learning Outcomes: Analyse key HRM concepts for effective workforce management and planning. Implement strategic HRM practices aligning with organizational goals and objectives. Demonstrate proficiency in employee recruitment and selection processes. Evaluate and enhance employee performance through strategic performance management techniques. Apply conflict resolution strategies within the framework of HRM policies. Implement health and safety protocols fostering employee well-being and compliance. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? This Human Resource Management course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Human Resource Management. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Aspiring HR professionals seeking foundational knowledge in HRM practices. Managers aiming to align HR strategies with organizational goals. Individuals transitioning to HR roles for career growth. Employees involved in recruitment, performance, and conflict management. Professionals responsible for health and safety compliance in organizations. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Human Resource Management course. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Human Resource Management course. Career path After finishing this Human Resource Management course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Human Resource Management are: HR Officer - £22K to 30K/year. Recruitment Consultant - £20K to 35K/year. Training Coordinator - £22K to 32K/year. Health and Safety Advisor - £25K to 40K/year. Employee Relations Manager - £30K to 45K/year. Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

What does this course cover? This is an online course for developing history leadership in primary teaching. This term, we will be piloting the course as an immersive programme covering the key elements of primary history subject leadership, enabling all involved in history leadership at primary to carry out their role effectively. How is this course structured and delivered? Sessions 1, 8 and 10 are compulsory to attend live. Participants will be required to complete a gap task after each session and contribute to an online reflection diary. The other sessions will be recorded for participants to work through at their convenience. Who is this course for? This programme is designed for anyone who is a subject coordinator or subject leader for history in their primary school. You may have just been appointed as a subject leader, or be more experienced but looking for formal training or fresh inspiration and direction. What are the outcome? This course will: equip you fully for the demands of history leadership in primary schools increase your confidence to develop an innovative, inclusive and effective history curriculum in your school develop your understanding of efficient action planning and how to make a wider impact help you to make the case for history with senior leaders enable you to enthuse others and lead staff meetings about history develop your understanding of current issues in primary history education The course will include a chance to share resources and assessment approaches, plus much more What will each session cover? Session 1: Introductory meeting (Live attendance) Wednesday 15 October 2025, 4pm–5.30pm Introduction and aims Reflection activity on the current state of history in your school Key responsibilities of the history subject leader Current Ofsted implications for the subject and what to expect in an inspection How the HA and latest Ofsted material can support you Session 2: What makes an effective history subject leader? (Recorded) How to effectively support teachers and learners as a history leader How to create a vision, lead change, and manage time Effective action planning and improvement Auditing your history provision and building your evidence trail Developing an innovative, inclusive and effective history curriculum in your school Disciplinary knowledge: What is history? What do historians do? Suggested gap task: Conducting teacher and/or pupil voice questionnaires. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme. If relevant, reflect on how you will use the teacher questionnaire or pupil voice. Session 3: What makes effective teaching of history? (Recorded) The role of the teacher Supporting SEND pupils Securing substantive knowledge and concepts across the curriculum How to support colleagues by identifying core knowledge How to involve the whole staff in mapping out and embedding the progression of concepts across the curriculum Suggested gap task: Consider SEND in your curriculum. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme reflecting on SEND. Session 4: Curriculum and practice at EYFS (Recorded) Unpicking and supporting the requirements of the EYFS curriculum and Development Matters Developing historical and chronological understanding in EYFS as part of Understanding the world Progression and transition from EYFS to Key Stage 1 Ensuring coherence: how to start developing concepts Making use of the local history on your doorstep for EYFS and KS1 Accessing resources and support for EYFS Suggested gap task: Fact finding and liaison. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme reflecting on current EYFS practice. Session 5: Curriculum and practice at Key Stage 1 (Recorded) Unpicking and supporting the requirements of the National Curriculum for KS1 Progression: building upon transition from EYFS What do KS1 require before KS2? Ensuring coherence: further developing the school’s chosen substantive concepts How to develop disciplinary concepts Developing appropriate chronological understanding in KS1 Enhancing and engaging children’s knowledge and retention through enquiry The use of working walls in KS1 to support learning Accessing resources and support for KS1 Suggested gap task: Check your KS1 curriculum for coverage and progression, building upon what they have learnt in EYFS. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme reflecting on KS1 practice in your setting. Session 6: Curriculum and practice at Key Stage 2 (Recorded) Unpicking and supporting the requirements of the National Curriculum for KS2 How to incorporate local history with progression in KS2 What do we want the children in Year 6 to leave with? Developing appropriate chronological understanding in KS2 Preparing for transition to Key Stage 3 Ensuring coherence: building upon the school’s chosen concepts for progression What the HA can do to support the teaching of KS2 units? Resources and support for KS2 Suggested gap task: Check your KS2 curriculum for coverage and progression, building upon what they have learnt in EYFS and KS1. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme reflecting on KS2 practice in your setting. Session 7: Approaching sensitive issues in history (Recorded) What do we mean by diversity in history and why is it important? How to ensure a wider diversity in your history teaching Barriers to making the curriculum more diverse and how to overcome them Approaches to sensitive issues in history lessons, including: - Refugees and migration history - War - Climate change Suggested gap task: Consider opportunities for increasing diverse voices and raising climate issues in your curriculum. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme considering how you might address the sensitive or current issues raised in this session. Session 8: Interim review meeting (Live attendance) Monday 19 January 2026, 4pm–5.30pm A review session allowing subject leaders to reflect upon their progress so far Opportunity to respond to suggestions, clarify information, or raise issues from the previous sessions Time to ask questions, share good practice or recommended resources with the rest of the cohort Suggested gap task: Time to follow up on anything raised in this session or to complete any previous tasks, following clarification and inspiration from this session. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary for the programme, reflecting on your priorities and actions using suggestions from the presenter or other delegates. Session 9: Assessment and evidence (Recorded) Assessment and expectations A word about writing Triangulating the evidence What to look for in a work scrutiny Suggested gap task: Conduct a work scrutiny on one aspect to check across the school, in conjunction with a focused pupil voice on the same aspect. Compulsory gap task: Add to your reflection diary considering how you will conduct a work scrutiny and what you will focus on – or, if relevant, reflect on what you discovered and how you will address any issues. Session 10: Final meeting (Live attendance) Wednesday 11 February 2026, 4pm–5.30pm Following up any requests arising from the interim meeting (Session 8) Discussion or clarification of any issues arising from previous sessions Discussion of priorities, next steps and any issues Sharing ideas for enthusing others and leading staff meetings: “What worked for me?” Communicating with headteachers, governors, colleagues and parents Are you ready for the HA Quality Mark? Suggested gap task: Identifying your school’s next steps Compulsory gap task: Complete your final piece in your reflection diary.

Managing Successful Programmes (MSP®) 5th Edition Practitioner: In-House Training Managing Successful Programmes (MSP®) is a globally-recognized framework for best practice programme management. MSP certification provides guidance for programme managers, business change managers, and the next step for project managers to develop their knowledge and skills to be able to positively respond to the challenges of managing programmes and larger, more strategic, or multiple projects. MSP 5th Edition emphasizes flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness by adopting an incremental approach to the programme lifecycle and thus enabling organizational agility. AXELOS offers two levels of MSP Examination: MSP Foundation and MSP Practitioner. The MSP 5th Edition Foundation Examination is intended to assess whether the candidate can demonstrate sufficient recall and understanding of the MSP programme management framework. MSP 5th Edition Practitioner is for project, programme, and business change managers that want to build on their knowledge of MSP in order to practically apply the MSP framework to real-life scenarios, providing the skills to lead and manage a programme. It is a must-have certification for both project and programme management professionals to deliver organizational value to their employers and boost their careers. What you will Learn At the end of this course, participants will be able to: Understand how to apply the MSP principles in context Understand how to apply and tailor relevant aspects of the MSP themes in context Understand how to apply and tailor relevant aspects of the MSP processes in context Course Introduction Application of MSP Principles Program Strategy and Themes Application of Organization Theme Application of Design Theme Application of Justification Theme Application of Structure Theme Application of Knowledge Theme Application of Assurance Theme Application of Decisions Theme Application of MSP Processes

Voice over LTE training course description This course provides a basic understanding of the 3G LTE Air Interface, SAE, as well as Voice over LTE options and LTE Advanced features. Investigating the standards for the EPS , formulated by the 3GPP standards body, the course will set out to examine and explain the 4G environment from user equipment to border gateway and beyond. This course will ensure the delegate has a grasp of all aspects of the current global deployments, the next steps in upgrades and the promise of things to come. What will you learn Describe the complete EPC architecture. Explain the use of QoS within the air interface & core network. Explore the features of LTE advanced. Describe the various methods of supporting voice services with 3G LTE. Describe IMS structure and control entities. Explain an IMS session. Voice over LTE training course details Who will benefit: Any engineers who are assisting in the deployment of voice services within their LTE networks. Prerequisites: Intro to Data comms & networking Telecommunications Introduction Duration 3 days Voice over LTE training course contents 3GPP standards body Release 8 - Release 12, Supported and expected features. The EPC revisited EPC revisited 3G LTE & EPC Architecture, NB, MME, SGW, PDNGW, PCRF, Interworking capabilities, Protocol stack explored, NAS signalling, Default EPS bearer, Slot allocation algorithms, Scheduling algorithms, Quality of Service requirements, Dedicated EPS bearers. VoLTE deployment strategies Common networks everywhere, GSM/WCDMA view, CDMA view. VoLTE system architecture LTE radio, LTE Radio background, LTE radio architecture, Evolved packet core, EPC entities & functions, EPS mobility management, MS entities, Home subscriber server, Policy & charging rules function. VoLTE functionality Radio functionality, Bearers & schedulers, Mobility, Circuit switched fall back handover, Mobility from 2G/3G back to LTE, Power Saving Features, Positioning services, UE radio access capabilities for VoLTE users. EPC functionalities, LTE subscriber identification, PDN connectivity establishment, EPS dedicated bearer setup, IMS identification, IP multimedia identification module, Public user identity, Private user identity, Relationship between public & private identity, identification of users device, identification of network entities, identification of services, identification without ISIM. IMS service provisioning, Enforcement of allowed services, Service triggering information, Selection of the AS, AS behaviour, Service provisioning in action. VoLTE end-to-end & signalling VoLTE subscription & device configuration. EPS attach for CSFB/IMS VoIP & default bearer. IMS registration, Constructing the REGISTER request, From UE to P-CSCF, From P-CSCF to I-CSCF, From I-CSCF to S-CSCF, S-CSCF challenges the UE, UE's response to the challenge, Registration at the S-CSCF, The 200 OK response, Third-party registration to application servers, Subscription to registration event package, Re-registration & re-authentication, De-registration, Related standards. IMS VoIP session, Constructing the INVITE request, Routing, Media negotiation, Media resource reservation & policy control, Charging, Session release. Voice continuity, PS - PS intersystem handover, Single radio voice call continuity. IMS emergency session, PDN Connection setup for emergency session, Emergency registration, Emergency session. CS fallback for EPS call case, Architecture of CS fallback in EPS, Description of SGs interface, Idle mode signalling reduction, Idle mode vs active mode, CS fallback attachment, Mobile originating call using CSFB, Mobile terminating call using CSFB, Call unrelated CSFB procedures, Mobile terminating roaming retry & forwarding. VoLTE Messaging, Native IMS messages, SMS interworking, Multimedia messaging service. Unstructured supplementary services data simulation in IMS. IMS services VoLTE radio performance Coverage, Latency, Capacity. LTE advanced features Carrier aggregation, Coordinated mMulti-point Operation (CoMP), ICIC & eICIC, Relay node deployment & donor eNBs, Improved cell edge coverage, Reduced control plane latency, Heterogeneous networks, HeNB, security gateways, HeNB gateways.

SMPTE 2022 training course description SMPTE 2022 is the standard for IP video transport in the broadcast industry. This course covers the seven section of the standard in detail. Particular attention is given to FEC and seamless protection switching areas of the standard. What will you learn Use Wireshark to analyse. SMPTE 2022 streams. Explain the role of FEC in SMPTE 2022. Explain how SMPTE 2022 provides resilience. SMPTE 2022 training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with TV distribution. Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers Duration 1 day SMPTE 2022 training course contents Introduction What is SMPTE 2022, SMPTE 2022 parts. SDI over IP. Contribution and distribution versus delivery. The SMPTE 2022 protocol stack SMPTE 2022-2 (mapping of MPEG TS into IP) and SMPTE 2022-6 mapping uncompressed video into IP. IP: Best effort, connectionless, DF flag, routers, Diffserv, RSVP. IPv6. UDP: Unreliable, connectionless, broadcasts, multicasts and unicasts. RTP RTP, ports, payloads types, sequence numbers, timestamps. RTP header extensions. RTCP. MPEG2-TS: Elementary streams, transport over IP. FEC Forward Error Correction. SMPTE 2022-1, SMPTE 2022-5. Logical rows and columns. 1D and 2D parity. FEC header format. FEC configuration and choosing dimensions. FEC traffic shaping. Overheads and delays. Seamless protection switching IP failover. SMPTE 2022-7: Sending two matching streams over different paths. Stream synchronization. The HBRMT header. Calculating the packet to switch over. Summary Summary of the 7 sections of the SMPTE 2022 standard. Clock recovery.

REST and RESTCONF training course description An introduction to REST and RESTCONF using Python. The course progresses from how to use them onto how they work and then looks at using them from within Python all the time on network devices. What will you learn Explain what REST and RESTCONF are. Use the REST API on network device. Use RESTCONF. REST and RESTCONF training course details Who will benefit: Network engineers. Prerequisites: Python for network engineers. Duration 1 day REST and RESTCONF training course contents Using REST Curl, Browser plugins, Postman, RESTClient, Python. Hands on Using the REST API on network devices. What is REST? What is REST? Architecture, APIs, RESTful APIs, APIs over HTTP/HTTPS, URIs, resources, HTTP methods, GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. CRUD. Comparison with other APIs. Hands on REST analysis with Wireshark. Rest conventions Passing parameters, return values, HTTP status, JSON. XML. Hands on Configuring REST on network devices, changing format of responses, POST requests, using parameters. Configuring network devices with REST Invoking multiple RPCs. Hands on Device configuration with REST. The request library RESTFUL APIs in Python, the request library, Installation, example to retrieve the interface configuration. Hands on Using the Python requests library on network devices. RESTCONF What is RESTCONF? YANG and NETCONF, relationship with REST, RESTCONF URIs, A RESTCONF example with ietf-interfaces, RESTCONF responses. PATCH. Hands on Using RESTCONF to update a network device configuration.

NETCONF and YANG training course description An introduction to NETCONF and YANG. The course progresses from what they are, why they are needed, and how to configure them onto a more detailed analysis of how NETCONF works and how to read YANG models. What will you learn Recognise the limits and problems of SNMP and the CLI. Describe the relationship between NETCONF and YANG. Configure NETCONF on network devices. Use NETCONF to configure devices. Read YANG models. NETCONF and YANG training course details Who will benefit: Network engineers. Prerequisites: Network management technologies Duration 1 day NETCONF and YANG training course content What are NETCONF and YANG? Network management and configuration issues. What is NETCONF? What is YANG? Protocols, data models, architecture. Hands on Configuring NETCONF on network devices, using NETCONF. NETCONF NETCONF layers, Secure transport: SSH, Messages: rpc, Operations, Content. Base operations: <get>, <get-config>, <edit-config>, <copy-config>, <delete-config>, <lock>,<unlock>, <close-session>, <kill-session> NETCONF datastores: :candidate, :startup, running. Hands on Retrieving a configuration with NETCONF, Editing a configuration with NETCONF. NETCONF more details NETCONF traffic flows, NETCONF capabilities, hello, capabilities exchange., Filtering data, atomic transactions, validating configurations. Hands on Using NETCONF. YANG YANG models, IETF standard YANG models, tree diagrams, an example: YANG interface management, Module header, Imports and includes, Containers, Lists, leaves, Data types, typedef, Instance data, XML. Hands on Reading YANG data models, creating a configuration instance.

Introduction to Midwifery Certificate Course Overview The "Introduction to Midwifery Certificate" offers learners a comprehensive introduction to the essential aspects of midwifery practice. This course explores the critical roles midwives play in maternal health, including antenatal care, intrapartum support, postnatal care, and more. It examines both the clinical and social elements of midwifery, focusing on topics like infant feeding, mental health, and medical disorders in pregnancy. By completing this course, learners will gain a well-rounded understanding of midwifery practices and the necessary knowledge to progress further in the field. This course is ideal for individuals looking to build a strong foundation for a career in midwifery or those seeking to enhance their understanding of maternal health. Course Description The "Introduction to Midwifery Certificate" covers a broad range of topics critical for anyone considering midwifery as a profession. Key subjects include the definition and origins of midwifery, midwives’ roles in addressing health inequalities, and the complexities of antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal care. Learners will explore the cultural, social, and spiritual contexts surrounding childbearing, along with important issues such as pre-term labour, medical disorders during pregnancy, and the management of stillbirth and neonatal death. The course also delves into communication techniques, ethical considerations, and family planning. Upon completion, learners will gain foundational knowledge of the midwifery profession and the critical skills necessary to support maternal health in various settings. This course is designed for both beginners and professionals aiming to expand their expertise in midwifery care. Introduction to Midwifery Certificate Curriculum Module 01: Definition and Origin of Midwifery Module 02: Midwifery as a Career Option Module 03: Midwifery Management and Education Module 04: Midwives’ Role in Health and Inequality Module 05: Social, Cultural and Spiritual Context of Childbearing Module 06: Antenatal Care and Screening Module 07: Midwifery Support in Labour: Intrapartum Care Module 08: Induction of Labour Module 09: Postnatal Care as a Midwife Module 10: Nurture and Nature: The Healthy Newborn Module 11: Stillbirth, Neonatal Death and Bereavement Module 12: Infant Feeding Module 13: Newborn Infection Module 14: Home Birth Module 15: Complementary and Alternative Medicines Applied to Maternity Care Module 16: Pharmacology and Medicines Management Module 17: Bleeding in Pregnancy Module 18: Medical Disorders of Pregnancy Module 19: Pre-term Labour Module 20: Twins and Higher-Order Births Module 21: Care During the Third Stage of Labour Module 22: Terminology and Abbreviations for Midwifery Module 23: Perinatal Mental Health Module 24: Supporting a Healthy Pregnancy Module 25: Contraception and Family Planning Module 26: Effective Communication for Midwifery Module 27: Ethics in Midwifery (See full curriculum) Who is this course for? Individuals seeking to start a career in midwifery. Professionals aiming to enhance their expertise in maternal health. Beginners with an interest in midwifery or maternal care. Those considering a career in health and social care. Career Path Midwife Maternity Nurse Birth Consultant Antenatal Educator Family Planning Advisor Health Visitor Perinatal Mental Health Worker Maternity Care Assistant

Transmission demystified training course description Transmission is the process of sending information along a medium of, copper, fibre or wireless. This course looks at transmission techniques for both telecommunications and data communications with a particular focus on Microwave, SDH, DWDM transmission. The course aims to demystify these technologies by explaining all the buzzwords used in transmission. What will you learn Describe various transmission technologies such as multiplexing and demultiplexing. Explain how Microwave works. Explain how SDH works. Explain how DWDM works. Transmission demystified training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working in telecommunications. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Transmission demystified training course contents Transmission basics Systems, media, signals. Signal degradation, noise, distortion, attenuation. Digital, analogue. Modulation, encoding. RF Frequency, wavelength. Distance / range issues, interference, Antenna, power, dB, RF propagation, testing. Microwave transmission What is microwave transmission, point to point communications, line of sight, parabolic antenna, relays, planning considerations, rain and other issues Wired transmissions Copper, Fibre, optical transmission, fibre characteristics, fibre component parts. Multi Mode Fibre (MMF). Single Mode Fibre (SMF). Fibre connections. Lasers. Attenuations, dispersion, optical signal noise ratios (OSNR) and their effects. Channel Spacing and Signal Direction. Limiting factors to single wavelength. Introduction to SDH Timing and synchronisation of digital signals, the plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH), the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), service protection with SDH. TDM. SDH6 Standards, basic units, frames, STM1 frame, bit rates, STM0, STM1, STM4, STM16, STM64, STM256, SDH architecture, rings, Add drop multiplexors. SDH network topologies, structure of SDH equipment, SDH synchronisation, protection switching in SDH networks, SDH alarm structure, testing of SDH, equipment and systems, Ethernet over SDH. WDM overview Multiplexing, TDM, WDM benefits. WDM standards. CWDM vs. DWDM. Four Wave Mixing (FWM). Impact and countermeasures to FWM on WDM.tructure of SDH equipment, SDH synchronisation, protection switching in SDH networks, SDH alarm structure, testing of SDH, equipment and systems, Ethernet over SDH. DWDM ITU G.694.1, channel and spacing. Optical Terminal Multiplexers (OTM). Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (OADM). Adding versus dropping. Optical Amplifiers. Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA). Transponders and Combiners. Optical and Electrical Cross Connects (OXCs/DXCs). Cross Connect types (Transparent/Opaque). Advantages and disadvantages of various Optical cross connects. IP transmission Telecommunications versus data communications, IP transmission, VoIP, MPLS.

SIP in IMS training course description The IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS) is defined by 3GPP as a new mobile infrastructure. This advanced course looks at the use of SIP in the IMS. What will you learn Describe the role of SIP in the IMS. Explain how SIP works in the IMS Describe the SIP architecture in the IMS. Explain how SIP and SDP are used in basic IMS procedures. SIP in IMS training course details Who will benefit: Technical telecommunications staff. Prerequisites: SIP for engineers. Duration 2 days SIP in IMS training course contents Introduction SIP review, SIP elements, Simple SIP call flow, What is IMS? Why IMS? Why SIP in the IMS? SIP and IMS relationship. Standards 3GPP, IETF, 3GPPr5, 3GPPr6, 3GPP SIP extensions. SIP and IMS IMS architecture, SIP interfaces. Server functions Registration, home and away, location and directory services, stateful and stateless servers. SIP servers P-CSCF, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, PSTN gateways SIP registration in the IMS SIP REGISTER, IMS identities, registration process, P-CSCF discovery, S-CSCF assignment, IMS subscriber and IMS registrar signalling flow. IMS routing in the registration process. Re and De-registration. SIP sessions in the IMS SIP INVITE, Establishing IMS SIP sessions, User at home network, user roaming, IMS offer answer architecture, SIP preconditions, QoS, reserving resources, IMS bearer network interactions, IMS subscriber and IMS service signalling flow. Typical call flows. SIP services in the IMS IMS specifications, IMS service procedures, call scenarios, call services. IMS multimedia related procedures. IMS presence, IMS messaging, IMS conferencing, IMS PoC. SIP-T SIP and the PSTN, URIs and ENUM, NAPTR, SRV, ISUP numbers and URI mapping, IAM and INVITE, SIP to PSTN/ISUP mapping, PSTN/ISUP to SIP mapping, PSTN to PSTN over SIP. MIME media types for ISUP, DTMF transmission, CLIP and CLIR in SIP, ring tone, split gateways SIP-I ISO standards, translation versus tunnelling. IMS SIP extensions Security (RFC 3310, 3329), Resource reservation (RFC 3312), Media authorisation (RFC 3313), SigComp (RFC 3320), P Headers (RFC 3325, 3455), Mobile registration (RFC 3327, 3608), Reg event (RFC 3680), Preconditions (RFC 4032) Security IMS security architecture, identities, HTTP digest, TLS. Affect of security on SIP media sessions.