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Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for Experienced security administrators Overview By the end of the course, you should be able to meet the following objectives: Define information-security-related concepts Explain the different types of firewalls and their use cases Describe the operation of intrusion detection and intrusion prevention systems Differentiate between Malware Prevention approaches Describe the VMware intrinsic security portfolio Implement Zero-Trust Security using VMware NSX segmentation Configure user and role management Configure and troubleshoot Distributed Firewall, Identity Firewall, and time-based policies Configure and troubleshoot Gateway Security Use VMware vRealize Log Insight™ for NSX™ and VMware vRealize Network Insight™ to operate NSX firewalls Explain the security best practices related to grouping, tagging, and rule configuration Describe north-south and east-west service insertion Describe endpoint protection Configure and troubleshoot IDS/IPS Deploy NSX Application Platform Configure and troubleshoot NSX Malware Prevention Describe the capabilities of NSX Intelligence and NSX Network Detection and Response This five-day, hands-on training course provides you with the knowledge, skills, and tools to achieve competency in configuring, operating, and troubleshooting VMware NSX-T? Data Center for intrinsic security. In this course, you are introduced to all the security features in NSX-T Data Center, including Distributed Firewall and Gateway Firewall, Intrusion Detection and Prevention (IDS/IPS), NSX Application Platform, NSX Malware Prevention, VMware NSX© Intelligence?, and VMware NSX© Network Detection and Response?.In addition, you are presented with common configuration issues and given a methodology to resolve them. Course Introduction Introductions and course logistics Course objectives Security Basics Define information-security-related concepts Explain the different types of firewalls and their use cases Describe the operation of IDS/IPS Differentiate between Malware Prevention approaches VMware Intrinsic Security Define the VMware intrinsic security strategy Describe the VMware intrinsic security portfolio Explain how NSX-T Data Center aligns with the intrinsic security strategy Implementing Zero-Trust Security Define Zero-Trust Security Describe the five pillars of a Zero-Trust Architecture Define NSX segmentation and its use cases Describe the steps needed to enforce Zero-Trust with NSX segmentation User and Role Management Integrate NSX-T Data Center and VMware Identity Manager? Integrate NSX-T Data Center and LDAP Describe the native users and roles in NSX-T Data Center Create and assign custom user roles Distributed Firewall Configure Distributed Firewall rules and policies Describe the NSX Distributed Firewall architecture Troubleshoot common problems related to NSX Distributed Firewall Configure time-based policies Configure Identity Firewall rules Gateway Security Configure Gateway Firewall rules and policies Describe the architecture of the Gateway Firewall Identify and troubleshoot common Gateway Firewall issues Configure TLS Inspection to decrypt traffic for both internal and external services Configure URL filtering and identify common configuration issues Operating Internal Firewalls Use vRealize Log Insight for NSX and vRealize Network Insight to operate NSX firewalls Explain security best practices related to grouping, tagging, and rule configuration Network Introspection Explain network introspection Describe the architecture and workflows of north-south and east-west service insertion Troubleshoot north-south and east-west service insertion Endpoint Protection Explain endpoint protection Describe the architecture and workflows of endpoint protection Troubleshoot endpoint protection Intrusion Detection and Prevention Describe the MITRE ATT&CK framework Explain the different phases of a cyber attack Describe how NSX security solutions can be used to protect against cyber attacks Configure and troubleshoot Distributed IDS/IPS Configure and troubleshoot North-South IDS/IPS NSX Application Platform Describe NSX Application Platform and its use cases Identify the topologies supported for the deployment of NSX Application Platform Deploy NSX Application Platform Explain the NSX Application Platform architecture and services Validate the NSX Application Platform deployment and troubleshoot common issues NSX Malware Prevention Identify use cases for NSX Malware Prevention Identify the components in the NSX Malware Prevention architecture Describe the NSX Malware Prevention packet flows for known and unknown files Configure NSX Malware Prevention for east-west and north-south traffic NSX Intelligence and NSX Network Detection and Response Describe NSX Intelligence and its use cases Explain NSX Intelligence visualization, recommendation, and network traffic analysis capabilities Describe NSX Network Detection and Response and its use cases Explain the architecture of NSX Network Detection and Response in NSX-T Data Center Describe the visualization capabilities of NSX Network Detection and Response

Duration 3 Days 18 CPD hours This course is intended for This is an introductory- level course appropriate for those who are developing applications using relational databases, or who are using SQL to extract and analyze data from databases and need to use the full power of SQL queries. Overview This course combines expert lecture, real-world demonstrations and group discussions with machine-based practical labs and exercises. Working in a hands-on learning environment led by our expert practitioner, attendees will learn to: Maximize the potential of SQL to build powerful, complex and robust SQL queries Query multiple tables with inner joins, outer joins and self joins Construct recursive common table expressions Summarize data using aggregation and grouping Execute analytic functions to calculate ranks Build simple and correlated subqueries Thoroughly test SQL queries to avoid common errors Select the most efficient solution to complex SQL problems A company?s success hinges on responsible, accurate database management. Organizations rely on highly available data to complete all sorts of tasks, from creating marketing reports and invoicing customers to setting financial goals. Data professionals like analysts, developers and architects are tasked with creating, optimizing, managing and analyzing data from databases ? with little room for error. When databases aren?t built or maintained correctly, it?s easy to mishandle or lose valuable data. Our SQL Programming and Database Training Series provides students with the skills they require to develop, analyze and maintain data and in correctly structured, modern and secure databases. SQL is the cornerstone of all relational database operations. In this hands-on course, you learn to exploit the full potential of the SELECT statement to write robust queries using the best query method for your application, test your queries, and avoid common errors and pitfalls. It also teaches alternative solutions to given problems, enabling you to choose the most efficient solution in each situation. Introduction: Quick Tools Review Introduction to SQL and its development environments Using SQL*PLUS Using SQL Developer Using the SQL SELECT Statement Capabilities of the SELECT statement Arithmetic expressions and NULL values in the SELECT statement Column aliases Use of concatenation operator, literal character strings, alternative quote operator, and the DISTINCT keyword Use of the DESCRIBE command Restricting and Sorting Data Limiting the Rows Rules of precedence for operators in an expression Substitution Variables Using the DEFINE and VERIFY command Single-Row Functions Describe the differences between single row and multiple row functions Manipulate strings with character function in the SELECT and WHERE clauses Manipulate numbers with the ROUND, TRUNC and MOD functions Perform arithmetic with date data Manipulate dates with the date functions Conversion Functions and Expressions Describe implicit and explicit data type conversion Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions Nest multiple functions Apply the NVL, NULLIF, and COALESCE functions to data Decode/Case Statements Using the Group Functions and Aggregated Data Group Functions Creating Groups of Data Having Clause Cube/Rollup Clause SQL Joins and Join Types Introduction to JOINS Types of Joins Natural join Self-join Non equijoins OUTER join Using Subqueries Introduction to Subqueries Single Row Subqueries Multiple Row Subqueries Using the SET Operators Set Operators UNION and UNION ALL operator INTERSECT operator MINUS operator Matching the SELECT statements Using Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements Data Manipulation Language Database Transactions Insert Update Delete Merge Using Data Definition Language (DDL) Data Definition Language Create Alter Drop Data Dictionary Views Introduction to Data Dictionary Describe the Data Dictionary Structure Using the Data Dictionary views Querying the Data Dictionary Views Dynamic Performance Views Creating Sequences, Synonyms, Indexes Creating sequences Creating synonyms Creating indexes Index Types Creating Views Creating Views Altering Views Replacing Views Managing Schema Objects Managing constraints Creating and using temporary tables Creating and using external tables Retrieving Data Using Subqueries Retrieving Data by Using a Subquery as Source Working with Multiple-Column subqueries Correlated Subqueries Non-Correlated Subqueries Using Subqueries to Manipulate Data Using the Check Option Subqueries in Updates and Deletes In-line Views Data Control Language (DCL) System privileges Creating a role Object privileges Revoking object privileges Manipulating Data Overview of the Explicit Default Feature Using multitable INSERTs Using the MERGE statement Tracking Changes in Data

This course aims to provide a more in depth understanding of confidentiality and record keeping. Providing information on the importance of accurate and true record keeping.

Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is geared for experienced skilled Java developers, software developers, data scientists, machine learning experts or others who wish to transtion their coding skills to Scala, learning how to code in Scala and apply it in a practical way. This is not a basic class. Overview Working in a hands-on learning environment led by our expert instructor you'll: Get comfortable with Scala's core principles and unique features, helping you navigate the language confidently and boosting your programming skills. Discover the power of functional programming and learn techniques that will make your code more efficient,maintainable, and enjoyable to write. Become proficient in creating dynamic web applications using the Play Framework, and easily connect to databases with the user-friendly Slick library. Master concurrency programming with Akka, empowering you to build scalable and fault-tolerant applications that excel in performance. Enhance your testing skills using ScalaTest and ScalaCheck, ensuring the reliability and quality of your Scala applications, while having fun in the process. Explore the fascinating world of generative AI and GPT technologies, and learn how to integrate them into your projects,adding a touch of innovation and intelligence to your Scala solutions. If your team requires different topics, additional skills or a custom approach, our team will collaborate with you to adjust the course to focus on your specific learning objectives and goals. Discover the power of Scala programming in our comprehensive, hands-on technical training course designed specifically for experienced object-oriented (OO) developers. Scala is a versatile programming language that combines the best of both OO and functional programming paradigms, making it ideal for a wide range of projects, from web applications to big data processing and machine learning. By mastering Scala, you'll be able to develop more efficient, scalable, and maintainable applications. Fast Track to Scala Programming for OO / Java Developers is a four day hands-on course covers the core principles of Scala, functional programming, web application development, database connectivity, concurrency programming, testing, and interoperability between Scala and Java. Additionally, you'll explore cutting-edge generative AI and GPT technologies, learning how to integrate them into your Scala applications for intelligent suggestions or automation. Throughout the course you?ll explore the latest tools and best practices in the Scala ecosystem, gaining valuable knowledge and experience that can be directly applied to your day-to-day work. With 50% of the course content dedicated to hands-on labs, you'll gain practical experience applying the concepts you've learned across various projects, such as building functional web applications, connecting to databases, designing modular components, and implementing concurrency. Upon completing the course, you'll have a solid understanding of the language and its features, empowering you to confidently apply your new skills in data science and machine learning projects. You'll exit well-prepared to create efficient, scalable, and maintainable Scala applications, regardless of the complexity of your projects. Introduction to Scala Scala features and benefits Comparing Scala with Java and other OO languages Installing Scala and setting up the development environment Object-Oriented Programming in Scala Classes and objects Traits, mixins, and inheritance Companion objects and factories Encapsulation and polymorphism Functional Programming Basics Pure functions and referential transparency Higher-order functions and currying Immutability and persistent data structures Pattern matching and recursion Having Fun with Functional Data Structures Lists, sets, and maps in Scala Folding and reducing operations Stream processing and lazy evaluation For-comprehensions Building Web Applications in Functional Style Introduction to Play Framework Functional web routing and request handling JSON handling with Play-JSON Middleware and functional composition Connecting to a Database Introduction to Slick library Database configuration and setup Querying and updating with Slick Transactions and error handling Building Scalable and Extensible Components Modular architecture and design patterns Dependency injection with MacWire Type classes and type-level programming Implicit parameters and conversions Concurrency Programming & Akka Introduction to Akka framework and Actor model Actor systems and message passing Futures and Promises Supervision and fault tolerance Building Confidence with Testing Introduction to ScalaTest and ScalaCheck Unit testing and property-based testing Test-driven development in Scala Mocking and integration testing Interoperability between Scala and Java Calling Java code from Scala Using Java libraries in Scala projects Converting Java collections to Scala collections Writing Scala code that can be called from Java Using Generative AI and GPT Technologies in Scala Programming Overview of GPT and generative AI Integrating GPT with Scala applications Use cases and practical examples

Financial reporting best practices involve adherence to accounting principles, regulatory requirements, and industry standards. CFOs should stay informed about evolving accounting standards and regulatory changes. Regularly review updates from regulatory bodies such as the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) to ensure compliance. Engage with industry associations and professional networks to stay abreast of best practices and emerging trends in financial reporting. By actively staying informed, CFOs can adapt their processes and policies to meet changing requirements. Regulatory compliance is a key aspect of financial reporting. How do CFOs navigate the landscape of regulatory requirements and ensure compliance within their organisations? Navigating the regulatory landscape requires a proactive and diligent approach. CFOs must develop a deep understanding of the relevant regulations, such as the Companies Act, UK GAAP, or IFRS, depending on the reporting framework. They collaborate with legal teams and auditors to interpret and apply the regulations correctly. Implementing strong internal controls, conducting regular compliance assessments, and engaging in external audits are essential steps to ensure compliance and mitigate potential risks. Compliance is an ongoing process. CFOs should establish a culture of compliance throughout the organization, emphasizing the importance of ethical practices, accuracy, and transparency in financial reporting. Training programs, internal communication, and regular compliance reviews help foster a compliance-conscious culture. By creating a framework that promotes adherence to regulations, CFOs establish a solid foundation for accurate and reliable financial reporting. https://www.fdcapital.co.uk/podcast/the-intricacies-of-financial-reporting-and-compliance-in-the-uk/ Tags Online Events Things To Do Online Online Seminars Online Business Seminars #financial #compliance #reporting #uk #intricacies

Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for This is an introductory-level C++ programming course designed for developers with experience programming in C or other languages. Practical hands-on prior programming experience and knowledge is required. Overview This 'skills-centric' course is about 50% hands-on lab and 50% lecture, designed to train attendees in basic coding with C++, coupling the most current, effective techniques with the soundest industry practices. Our engaging instructors and mentors are highly experienced practitioners who bring years of current 'on-the-job' experience into every classroom. Working in a hands-on learning environment, guided by our expert team, attendees will learn: Writing procedural programs using C++ Using private, public and protected keywords to control access to class members Defining a class in C++ Writing constructors and destructors Writing classes with const and static class members Overloading operators Implementing polymorphic methods in programs Writing programs using file I/O and string streams Using manipulators and stream flags to format output Using the keyword template to write generic functions and classes Writing programs that use generic classes and functions Writing programs that use algorithms and containers of the Standard Library Apply object-oriented design techniques to real-world programming problems Using algorithms and containers of the Standard Library to manipulate string data Understand how C++ protects the programmer from implementation changes in other modules of an application Using try() blocks to trap exceptions Using catch() blocks to handle exceptions Defining exceptions and using throw to trigger them Introduction to C++ Programming / C++ Essentials is a skills-focused, hands-on C++ training course geared for experienced programmers who need to learn C++ coupled with sounds coding skills and best practices for OO development. Students will leave this course armed with the required skills to put foundation-level C++ programming skills right to work in a practical environment. The central concepts of C++ syntax and style are taught in the context of using object-oriented methods to achieve reusability, adaptability and reliability. Emphasis is placed on the features of C++ that support abstract data types, inheritance, and polymorphism. Students will learn to apply the process of data abstraction and class design. Practical aspects of C++ programming including efficiency, performance, testing, and reliability considerations are stressed throughout. Comprehensive hands on exercises are integrated throughout to reinforce learning and develop real competency Moving from C to C++ (Optional) New Compiler Directives Stream Console I/O Explicit Operators Standard Libraries Data Control Capabilities Handling Data New Declaration Features Initialization and Assignment Enumerated Types The bool Type Constant Storage Pointers to Constant Storage Constant Pointers References Constant Reference Arguments Volatile Data Global Data Functions Function Prototypes and Type Checking Default Function Data Types Function Overloading Problems with Function Overloading Name Resolution Promotions and Conversions Call by Value Reference Declarations Call-by-Reference and Reference Types References in Function Return Constant Argument Types Conversion of Parameters Using Default Initializers Providing Default Arguments Inline Functions Operator Overloading Advantages and Pitfalls of Overloading Member Operator Syntax and Examples Class Assignment Operators Class Equality Operators Non-Member Operator Overloading Member and Non-Member Operator Functions Operator Precedence This Pointer Overloading the Assignment Operator Overloading Caveats Creating and Using Objects Creating Automatic Objects Creating Dynamic Objects Calling Object Methods Constructors Initializing Member consts Initializer List Syntax Allocating Resources in Constructor Destructors Block and Function Scope File and Global Scope Class Scope Scope Resolution Operator :: Using Objects as Arguments Objects as Function Return Values Constant Methods Containment Relationships Dynamic Memory Management Advantages of Dynamic Memory Allocation Static, Automatic, and Heap Memory Free Store Allocation with new and delete Handling Memory Allocation Errors Controlling Object Creation Object Copying and Copy Constructor Automatic Copy Constructor Conversion Constructor Streaming I/O Streams and the iostream Library Built-in Stream Objects Stream Manipulators Stream Methods Input/Output Operators Character Input String Streams Formatted I/O File Stream I/O Overloading Stream Operators Persistent Objects Introduction to Object Concepts The Object Programming Paradigm Object-Orientated Programming Definitions Information Hiding and Encapsulation Separating Interface and Implementation Classes and Instances of Objects Overloaded Objects and Polymorphism Declaring and Defining Classes Components of a Class Class Structure Class Declaration Syntax Member Data Built-in Operations Constructors and Initialization Initialization vs. Assignment Class Type Members Member Functions and Member Accessibility Inline Member Functions Friend Functions Static Members Modifying Access with a Friend Class Templates Purpose of Template Classes Constants in Templates Templates and Inheritance Container Classes Use of Libraries Strings in C++ Character Strings The String Class Operators on Strings Member Functions of the String Class Inheritance Inheritance and Reuse Composition vs. Inheritance Inheritance: Centralized Code Inheritance: Maintenance and Revision Public, Private and Protected Members Redefining Behavior in Derived Classes Designing Extensible Software Systems Syntax for Public Inheritance Use of Common Pointers Constructors and Initialization Inherited Copy Constructors Destructors and Inheritance Public, Protected, Private Inheritance Exceptions Types of Exceptions Trapping and Handling Exceptions Triggering Exceptions Handling Memory Allocation Errors C++ Program Structure Organizing C++ Source Files Integrating C and C++ Projects Using C in C++ Reliability Considerations in C++ Projects Function Prototypes Strong Type Checking Constant Types C++ Access Control Techniques Polymorphism in C++ Definition of Polymorphism Calling Overridden Methods Upcasting Accessing Overridden Methods Virtual Methods and Dynamic Binding Virtual Destructors Abstract Base Classes and Pure Virtual Methods Multiple Inheritance Derivation from Multiple Base Classes Base Class Ambiguities Virtual Inheritance Virtual Base Classes Virtual Base Class Information The Standard Template Library STL Containers Parameters Used in Container Classes The Vector Class STL Algorithms Use of Libraries

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Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is appropriate for anyone who wants to create applications or modules to automate and simplify common tasks with Perl. Overview Working within in an engaging, hands-on learning environment, guided by our expert web development, PHP practitioner, students will learn to: Create a working script that gets input from the command line, the keyboard, or a file Use arrays to store and process data from files Create formatted reports Use regular expressions Use the appropriate types of variables and data structures Refactor duplicate code into subroutines and modules What is available in the standard library Use shortcuts and defaults, and what they replace Introduction to Perl Programming Essentials is an Introductory-level practical, hands-on Perl scripting training course that guides the students from the basics of writing and running Perl scripts to using more advanced features such as file operations, report writing, the use of regular expressions, working with binary data files, and using the extensive functionality of the standard Perl library. Students will immediately be able to use Perl to complete tasks in the real world. Session: An Overview of Perl What is Perl? Perl is compiled and interpreted Perl Advantages and Disadvantages Downloading and Installing Perl Which version of Perl Getting Help Session: Creating and running Perl Programs Structure of a Perl program Running a Perl script Checking syntax and warnings Execution of scripts under Unix and Windows Session: Basic Data and I/O Numeric and Text literals Math operators and expressions Scalar variables Default values Writing to standard output Command line arguments Reading from the standard input Session: Logic and Loops About flow control The if statement and Boolean values Using unless and elsif Statement modifiers warn() and die() The conditional construct Using while loop and its variants Using the for loop Exiting from loops Session: Lists and Arrays The list data type Accessing array elements Creating arrays List interpolation Arrays and memory Counting elements Iterating through an array List evaluation Slices and ranges Session: Reading and writing text files File I/O Overview Opening a file Reading text files Writing to a text file Arrays and file I/O Using the <> operator Session: List functions Growing and shrinking arrays The split() function Splitting on whitespace Assigning to literal lists The join() function The sort() function Alternate sort keys Reversing an array Session: Formatting output Using sprintf() and printf() Report formatting overview Defining report formats The write() function Advanced filehandle magic Session: Hashes Hash overview Creating hashes Hash attributes Traversing a hash Testing for existence of elements Deleting hash elements Session: References What is a reference? The two ways to create references References to existing data References to anonymous data Dereferencing scalar, array, and ash references Dereferencing elements of arrays and hashes Multidimensional arrays and other data structures Session: Text and Regular Expressions String length The substr() function The index() and rindex() functions String replication Pattern matching and substitution Regular expressions Session: Raw file and data access Opening and closing raw (binary) files Reading raw data Using seek() and tell() Writing raw data Raw data manipulation with pack() and unpack() Session: Subroutines and variable scope Understanding packages Package and Lexical variables Localizing builtin variables Declaring and calling subroutines Calling subroutines Passing parameters and returning values Session: Working with the operating system Determining current OS Environment variables Running external programs User identification Trapping signals File test operators Working with files Time of day Session: Shortcuts and defaults Understanding $_ shift() with no array specified Text file processing Using grep() and Using map() Command-line options for file processing Session: Data wrangling Quoting in Perl Evaluating arrays Understanding qw( ) Getting more out of the <> operator Read ranges of lines Using m//g in scalar context The /o modifier Working with embedded newlines Making REs more readable Perl data conversion Session: Using the Perl Library The Perl library Old-style library files Perl modules Modules bundled with Perl A selection of modules Getting modules from ActiveState Getting modules from CPAN Using Getopt::Long Session: Some Useful Tools Sending and receiving files with Net::FTP Using File::Find to search for files and directories Grabbing a Web page Some good places to find scripts Perl man pages for more information Zipping and unzipping files

High quality specifications are of paramount importance in achieving the right technical performance and value for money. This long-established training programme has been developed to help those involved in producing specifications to create high quality documents in an organised and effective way. It provides a sound foundation for those new to the topic whilst at the same time offering new insights to those with more experience. The programme emphasises the need for a clear definition of requirements combined with the ability to communicate those requirements effectively to third parties. A structured method of preparing specifications is provided, and a range of practical techniques is presented, to enable participants to put the principles into practice. The commercial and contractual role of specifications is also addressed. The objectives of the workshop are to: Provide a clear understanding of the role and purpose of specifications Present a framework for organising and producing specifications Define the key steps involved in creating effective specifications Demonstrate methods for assisting in defining requirements Provide tools and techniques for scoping and structuring specifications Show the role of specifications in managing variations and changes to scope Present methods to assist the writing and editing of specifications Review how specifications should be issued and controlled DAY ONE 1 Introduction Review of course objectives Review of participants' needs and objectives 2 Creating effective specifications The role of specifications in communicating requirements The costs, benefits and qualities of effective specifications Understanding the differences between verbal and written communication The five key steps of 'POWER' writing: prepare-organise-write-edit-release Exercise: qualities of an effective specification 3 Step 1: Preparing to write - defining readership and purpose; the specification and the contract Designing the specifications required; applying BS 7373 Defining the purpose, readership and title of each document Effective procedures for writing, issuing and controlling specifications The roles and responsibilities of the key players Understanding contracts; the contractual role of the specification Integrating and balancing the technical and commercial requirements Writing specifications to achieve the appropriate contract risk strategy Deciding how to specify: when to use functional and technical specifications The role of specifications in managing variations and changes to scope 4 Case study 1 Teams review a typical project scenario and identify the implications for the specification Feedback and discussion 5 Step 2: Organising the specification content Defining the need and establishing user requirements Deciding what issues the specification should cover Scoping techniques: scope maps, check lists, structured brainstorming Clarifying priorities: separating needs and desires Dealing with requirements that are difficult to quantify Useful techniques: cost benefit analysis, QFD, Pareto analysis 6 Case study 2 Teams apply the scoping techniques to develop the outline contents for a specification Feedback and discussion DAY TWO 7 Step 2: Organising the specification content (cont) Deciding what goes where; typical contents and layout for a specification The three main segments: introductory, key and supporting Creating and using model forms: the sections and sub-sections Detailed contents of each sub-section Tools and techniques for outlining and structuring specifications 8 Case study 3 Teams develop the detailed specification contents using a model form Feedback and discussion 9 Step 3: Writing the specification The challenges of written communication Identifying and understanding the readers needs Choosing and using the right words; dealing with jargon Problem words; will, shall, must, etc; building a glossary Using sentence structure and punctuation to best effect Understanding the impact of style, format and appearance Avoiding common causes of ambiguity Being concise and ensuring clarity Choosing and using graphics to best effect Exercises and examples 10 Step 4: Editing the specification Why editing is difficult; how to develop a personal editing strategy Key areas to review: structure, content, accuracy, clarity, style and grammar Editing tools and techniques 11 Step 5: Releasing and controlling the specification Key requirements for document issue and control Final formatting and publication issues; document approval Requirements management: managing revisions and changes 12 Course review and action planning What actions should be implemented to improve specifications? Conclusion