93 Courses delivered Online

Gain expertise in IFRS accounting for the oil and gas sector with our industry-focused training course. Enroll today with EnergyEdge.

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) This 5 half-day Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) course will assist energy professionals in the planning and operation of a power system from renewable energy sources. The VILT course will discuss key operating requirements for an integrated, reliable and stable power system. The unique characteristics of renewable energy are discussed from a local, consumer centric and system perspective, bringing to life the ever-changing paradigm in delivering energy to customers. The course will explore the technical challenges associated with interconnecting and integrating hundreds of gigawatts of solar power onto the electricity grid in a safe and reliable way. With references to international case studies, the VILT course will also demonstrate the state of the art methodologies used in forecasting solar power. The flexibility of the invertor-based resources will facilitate higher penetrations of photovoltaic, battery electricity storage systems and demand response while co-optimizing customer resources. The contribution of inverter-based generators that provides voltage support, frequency response and regulation (droop response), reactive power and power quality with a high level of accuracy and fast response will be addressed. Furthermore, this VILT course will also describe how microgrids' controllers can allow for a fully automated energy management. Distributed energy resources are analyzed in detail from a technical and financial aspect and will address the best known cost based methodologies such as project financing and cost recovery. Training Objectives Upon completion of this VILT course, participants will be able to: Learn about renewable energy resources, their applications and methods of analysis of renewable energy issues. Review the operational flexibility of renewable energy at grid level, distribution network and grid edge devices. Understand and analyze energy performance from main renewable energy systems. Get equipped on the insights into forecasting models for solar energy. Predict solar generation from weather forecasts using machine learning. Explore operational aspects of a complex power system with variability from both the supply & demand sides. Manage the impact of the design of a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) on the power system operation. Target Audience Engineers, planners and operations professionals from the following organizations: Energy aggregators who would like to understand the system operations of renewable energy power plants Renewable energy power system operator Energy regulatory agencies who aim to derive strategies and plans based on the feedback obtained from the power system operations Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods The VILT course will be delivered online in 5 half-day sessions comprising 4 hours per day, including time for lectures, discussion, quizzes and short classroom exercises. Course Duration: 5 half-day sessions, 4 hours per session (20 hours in total). Trainer Your first expert course leader is a Utility Executive with extensive global experience in power system operation and planning, energy markets, enterprise risk and regulatory oversight. She consults on energy markets integrating renewable resources from planning to operation. She led complex projects in operations and conducted long term planning studies to support planning and operational reliability standards. Specializing in Smart Grids, Operational flexibilities, Renewable generation, Reliability, Financial Engineering, Energy Markets and Power System Integration, she was recently engaged by the Inter-American Development Bank/MHI in Guyana. She was the Operations Expert in the regulatory assessment in Oman. She is a registered member of the Professional Engineers of Ontario, Canada. She is also a contributing member to the IEEE Standards Association, WG Blockchain P2418.5. With over 25 years with Ontario Power Generation (Revenue $1.2 Billion CAD, I/S 16 GW), she served as Canadian representative in CIGRE, committee member in NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada), and Senior Member IEEE and Elsevier since the 90ties. Our key expert chaired international conferences, lectured on several continents, published a book on Reliability and Security of Nuclear Power Plants, contributed to IEEE and PMAPS and published in the Ontario Journal for Public Policy, Canada. She delivered seminars organized by the Power Engineering Society, IEEE plus seminars to power companies worldwide, including Oman, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Portugal, South Africa, Japan, Romania, and Guyana. Your second expert course leader is the co-founder and Director of Research at Xesto Inc. Xesto is a spatial computing AI startup based in Toronto, Canada and it has been voted as Toronto's Best Tech Startup 2019 and was named one of the top 10 'Canadian AI Startups to Watch' as well as one of 6th International finalists for the VW Siemens Startup Challenge, resulting in a partnership. His latest app Xesto-Fit demonstrates how advanced AI and machine learning is applied to the e-commerce industry, as a result of which Xesto has been recently featured in TechCrunch. He specializes in both applied and theoretical machine learning and has extensive experience in both industrial and academic research. He is specialized in Artificial Intelligence with multiple industrial applications. At Xesto, he leads projects that focus on applying cutting edge research at the intersection of spatial analysis, differential geometry, optimization of deep neural networks, and statistics to build scalable rigorous and real time performing systems that will change the way humans interact with technology. In addition, he is a Ph.D candidate in the Mathematics department at UofT, focusing on applied mathematics. His academic research interests are in applying advanced mathematical methods to the computational and statistical sciences. He earned a Bachelor's and MSc in Mathematics, both at the University of Toronto. Having presented at research seminars as well as instructing engineers on various levels, he has the ability to distill advanced theoretical concept to diverse audiences on all levels. In addition to research, our key expert is also an avid traveler and plays the violin. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) This Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) course presents advanced methodologies that implement demand response and energy conservation programs in light of the integration of new technologies, regulatory changes and the accelerated penetration of renewable energy resources. This VILT course provides examples and case studies from North American and European jurisdictions covering the operational flexibilities on the demand side including requirements for new building codes to achieve zero net energy. The course describes a public agency's goals and objectives for conserving and otherwise reducing energy consumption and managing its demand for energy. This course presents the demand response implemented for economics and system security such as system balancing and relieving transmission congestion, or for system adequacy. The course also presents the principal attributes of conservation programs and the associated success criteria. In a system with increased penetration of renewable resources, demand response provides flexibility to system operators, helping them to maintain the reliability and the security of supply. Demand response is presented as a competitive alternative to additional power sources, enhancing competition and liquidity in electricity markets. The unique characteristics are discussed from a local, consumer centric and also from a system perspective bringing to life the ever changing paradigm for delivery energy to customers. Interoperability aspects and standards are discussed, as well as the consumer centric paradigm of Transactive Energy with IOT enabled flexibilities at system level, distribution networks and microgrids. The VILT course introduces the blockchain as a new line of defense against cyber threats and its increasing application in P2P transactions and renewable certificates. Our trainer's industry experience spans three decades with one of the largest Canadian utilities where she led or contributed to large operational studies and energy policies and decades of work with IEEE, NSERC and CIGRE. Our key expert also approaches to the cross sectional, interdisciplinary state of the art methodologies brings real life experience of recent industry developments. Training Objectives Innovative Digital Technologies How systems Facilitate Operational Flexibility on the Demand Side The Ecosystem of Demand Side Management Programs Advanced Machine Learning techniques with examples from CAISO Regulatory Policy Context and how to reduce regulatory barriers Industry Examples from NERC and ENTSO Relevant Industry standards: IEEE and IEC Manage Congestion with Distributed Operational Flexibilities: Grid to Distribution Controls; examples from NERC (NA) and ENTSO (Europe) Grid solutions with IEC 61850 communication protocols Decentralized grid controls The New Grid with accelerated V2G and Microgrids How DSM is and will be applied in Your System: Examples and discussions Target Audience Regulators and government agencies advising on public energy conservation programs All professionals interested in expanding their expertise, or advancing their career, or take on management and leadership roles in the rapidly evolving energy sector Energy professionals implementing demand side management, particularly in power systems with increased renewable penetration, to allow the much needed operational flexibility paramount to maintaining the reliability and stability of the power system and in the same time offering all classes of customers flexible and economical choices Any utility professional interested in understanding the new developments in the power industry Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods The VILT course will be delivered online in 5 half-day sessions comprising 4 hours per day, with 2 x 10 minutes break per day, including time for lectures, discussion, quizzes and short classroom exercises. Course Duration: 5 half-day sessions, 4 hours per session (20 hours in total). Trainer Your first expert course leader is a Utility Executive with extensive global experience in power system operation and planning, energy markets, enterprise risk and regulatory oversight. She consults on energy markets integrating renewable resources from planning to operation. She led complex projects in operations and conducted long term planning studies to support planning and operational reliability standards. Specializing in Smart Grids, Operational flexibilities, Renewable generation, Reliability, Financial Engineering, Energy Markets and Power System Integration, she was recently engaged by the Inter-American Development Bank/MHI in Guyana. She was the Operations Expert in the regulatory assessment in Oman. She is a registered member of the Professional Engineers of Ontario, Canada. She is also a contributing member to the IEEE Standards Association, WG Blockchain P2418.5. With over 25 years with Ontario Power Generation (Revenue $1.2 Billion CAD, I/S 16 GW), she served as Canadian representative in CIGRE, committee member in NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada), and Senior Member IEEE and Elsevier since the 90ties. Our key expert chaired international conferences, lectured on several continents, published a book on Reliability and Security of Nuclear Power Plants, contributed to IEEE and PMAPS and published in the Ontario Journal for Public Policy, Canada. She delivered seminars organized by the Power Engineering Society, IEEE plus seminars to power companies worldwide, including Oman, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Portugal, South Africa, Japan, Romania, and Guyana. Your second expert course leader is the co-founder and Director of Research at Xesto Inc. Xesto is a spatial computing AI startup based in Toronto, Canada and it has been voted as Toronto's Best Tech Startup 2019 and was named one of the top 10 'Canadian AI Startups to Watch' as well as one of 6th International finalists for the VW Siemens Startup Challenge, resulting in a partnership. His latest app Xesto-Fit demonstrates how advanced AI and machine learning is applied to the e-commerce industry, as a result of which Xesto has been recently featured in TechCrunch. He specializes in both applied and theoretical machine learning and has extensive experience in both industrial and academic research. He is specialized in Artificial Intelligence with multiple industrial applications. At Xesto, he leads projects that focus on applying cutting edge research at the intersection of spatial analysis, differential geometry, optimization of deep neural networks, and statistics to build scalable rigorous and real time performing systems that will change the way humans interact with technology. In addition, he is a Ph.D candidate in the Mathematics department at UofT, focusing on applied mathematics. His academic research interests are in applying advanced mathematical methods to the computational and statistical sciences. He earned a Bachelor's and MSc in Mathematics, both at the University of Toronto. Having presented at research seminars as well as instructing engineers on various levels, he has the ability to distill advanced theoretical concept to diverse audiences on all levels. In addition to research, our key expert is also an avid traveler and plays the violin. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

ICA Advanced Certificate in Managing Fraud This intermediate-level course is aimed at those already working within fraud risk management who wish to enhance their knowledge and skills as well as those who are new to the discipline. It provides a comprehensive understanding of fraud threats, how to formulate an effective strategy to prevent these threats and how to manage the response when they occur. You will learn how to implement key fraud management strategies at your firm to manage the risk to your business. The course also explores international fraud management best practice and anti-fraud frameworks. There are many benefits of studying with ICA: Flexible learning solutions that are suited to you Our learner-centric approach means that you will gain relevant practical and academic skills and knowledge that can be used in your current role Improve your career options by undertaking a globally recognised qualification that hiring managers look for as part of their hiring criteria Many students have stated that they have received a promotion and/or pay rise as a direct result of gaining their qualification The qualifications ensure that you are enabled to develop strategies to help manage and prevent risk within your firm, thus making you an invaluable asset within the current climate Students who successfully complete this course will be awarded the ICA Advanced Certificate in Managing Fraud and will be able to use the designation- Adv.Cert(Fraud) This qualification is awarded in association with Alliance Manchester Business School, the University of Manchester. What will you learn? International context Global anti-fraud frameworks Understanding risks The 'Fraudster' Formulating an effective counter-fraud strategy Managing the response to fraud The future of fraud How will you be assessed? Assessed by a one-hour, question-based exam and one research-based assignment

Advanced Professional Certificate Courses These are short online certificate courses of a more advanced nature designed to help you develop professionally and achieve your career goals, while you earn a professional certificate which qualifies you for the appropriate continuous professional development (CPD). Advanced Professional Certificate in International Financial Crimes This Advanced professional certificate course explores the concept and evolution of financial crimes, including fraud, corruption, and money laundering principal and secondary offences. The course provides insight into relevant cases involving financial crimes, focusing on the regulatory landscape of insider dealing and market abuse. The course presents an in-depth and detailed analysis of white-collar crimes' concepts, characteristics, and effects and reflects on various white-collar crimes' civil remedies. In addition, the course explains the concept and evolution of money laundering and Identifies the three stages of money laundering, all while explaining the aim and techniques of each stage. The course provides insight into different methods used in money laundering, including trade schemes, insurance policies, and cryptocurrencies. Also, the course presents an analysis of the impact of money laundering on economic growth and financial stability. Finally, the course is designed to cover the framework of international cooperation in the fight against financial crimes. The course provides insight into various international platforms involved in this global effort, including the European Union, the United Nations, and the FATF. From this perspective, the course covers multiple topics, including market abuse and market manipulation, corruption, and money laundering. Also, the course presents an analysis of various global financial crime risk management challenges. Course Details After the successful completion of this lecture, you will be able to; Understand the concept of financial crimes. Understand the concept and the regulatory landscape of corporate fraud. Understand the concept and the regulatory landscape of bribery and corruption. Reflect on various cases involving financial crimes. Understand the concept and the regulatory landscape of insider dealing and market abuse. Reflect on money Laundering Principal offences. Understand the concept, characteristics, and effects of white-collar crimes. Reflect on various white-collar crimes civil remedies. Understand the concept and evolution of money laundering. Identify the three stages of money laundering. Understand different methods used in money laundering. Measure the impact of money laundering on economic growth. Understand the framework of international cooperation in the fight against financial crimes. Understand the European Union anti-money laundering regulatory landscape. Understand the United Nations anti-money laundering regulatory landscape. Reflect on the EU market abuse regulation. Understand the intergovernmental anti-money laundering regulatory landscape. Reflect on various global financial crime risk management challenges. Accreditation The content of this course has been independently certified as conforming to universally accepted Continuous Professional Development (CPD) guidelines. Entry Requirements There are no strict entry requirements for this course. Work experience will be added advantage to understanding the content of the course. The certificate is designed to enhance the learner's knowledge in the field. This certificate is for everyone eager to know more and gets updated on current ideas in their respective field. We recommend this certificate for the following audience. Legal advisors. Compliance specialists Compliance officers Financial advisors and managers Banking professionals Accountants Real estate agents Insurance professionals Legal advisors. Law practitioners. Contract specialists. Legal officers. Contract managers. Business developers. Law lecturers. Business lecturers. Legal and business researchers.

In this day and age, it’s crucial to know everything there is to know about international economic sanctions. With AGRC’s Certificate in Sanctions Compliance, you will acquire the theoretical and practical knowledge and skills to comply with any sanction imposed and protect your business from penalties and reputational damage. Over the past several decades, international economic sanctions have become a central instrument in global governance, being employed by both sovereign states and international organisations. More recently, there has been a shift towards ‘smart’ or targeted sanctions that aim at the political and economic elites of targeted countries (e.g., through asset freezes and travel bans) rather than a more comprehensive sanctions approach (e.g., large-scale trade or oil embargoes) that has a detrimental effect on civilian populations. In the era of financial globalisation, such ‘smart’ sanctions entail increased compliance obligations for state institutions and private organisations which, if not met, carry significant fines, penalties, and other adverse consequences. Study method Online, self-paced Duration 25 hours Access to content 365 days Certification Certificate in Compliance Additional info Exam(s) / assessment(s) is included in price Description This certificate provides a thorough understanding of sanctions and an opportunity to explore the recent global trends in economic sanctioning, while tracing the roles of the relevant actors within this complex framework. You will examine the motives and rationale behind such decisions, the effects and consequences experienced not only by the targeted parties but also those doing business with them, either directly or indirectly. The certificate is structured to offer the relevant knowledge with reference to practical examples that will enable for a sanctions compliance strategy to be conducted in an effective manner, essential to mitigating the sanctions risk. Topics Covered • Definition of sanctions • Framework and legal basis • The international framework • Multilateral sanctions • Unilateral sanctions and key sovereign states • The legal and institutional framework • Categories of restrictive measures • Administration of sanctions • Managing and mitigating sanctions risk • Sanctions compliance programmes • Processes and systems • Sanctions screening and evasion Expected Learning Outcomes Upon completing this certification, you will be able to: • Understand sanctions and the importance of compliance • Understand why it’s important to comply • Review and understand the global sanctions framework • Define a sanctions compliance programme and governance framework • Define sanctions lists and screening • Manage alert investigations • Understand sanctions risk • Determine how much your institution is vulnerable to sanctions risks • Apply modern methodologies that will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of your programme • Protect your institution from dealing with embargoed individuals or entities • Understand the best practices for sanctions compliance controls Who is this course for? Financial crime and regulatory compliance professionals Professionals working within the sanctions environment who wish to certify their knowledge Operational staff who need to understand the importance of sanctions compliance Regulators Consultants AML, compliance, and risk professionals Anyone working in financial services interested in attaining a better understanding of how sanctions work Requirements No previous knowledge or experience is required, although it is assumed that participants have good knowledge of English and sound educational background.

Embark on an exciting adventure with our Trail Hunting Course, where we delve into the art of teaching dogs to follow a scent trail of a specific odor in their environment. This course offers the perfect blend of tracking and trailing, honing in on your canine companion's natural instincts.

In this day and age, it’s crucial to know everything there is to know about international economic sanctions. With AGRC’s Certificate in Sanctions Compliance, you will acquire the theoretical and practical knowledge and skills to comply with any sanction imposed and protect your business from penalties and reputational damage.

CPD accredited HACCP Refresher & Update course. Delivered online (Zoom) by a live tutor. Exam and Certificate fee included in the price.

24-Hour Knowledge Knockdown! Prices Reduced Like Never Before The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry is a giant in the UK economy, contributing over £120 billion annually. It encompasses everything from food and drinks to toiletries and cleaning products. But how does this industry function? How can you build a successful career within it? This comprehensive FMCG training bundle equips you with the knowledge and skills to thrive in this fast-paced environment. This Training bundle covers every aspect of the FMCG industry. You'll gain insights into navigating the complexities of retail operations management, product development, and supply chain logistics. Explore quality control measures, strategic planning, and effective customer service techniques. Additionally, you'll delve into the ever-growing world of e-commerce and social media marketing, crucial for reaching modern consumers. But that's not all. When you enrol in Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Advanced Diploma Training, you'll receive 25 CPD-Accredited PDF Certificates, Hard Copy Certificates, and our exclusive student ID card, all absolutely free. Courses Are Included In this Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Advanced Diploma Bundle: Course 01: Navigating the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry Course 02: Understanding Retail Operations Course 03: Retail Management Skills Course 04: Inventory Management Course 05: Product Management Course 06: Supply Chain Management Course 07: Quality Manager Course 08: CSR Policies & Supply Chain Management Course 09: Logistic Management Course 10: Workplace Performance Management Course 11: Strategic Planning and Implementation Course 12: Warehouse Management Course 13: Quality Assurance Manager Course 14: Retail Customer Service & Effective Customer Targeting Course 15: Managing Change and Continual Improvement Course 16: Lean Production, Logistics and Supply Chain Management Training Course 17: Sales Skills Course 18: Managing Quality and Service Delivery Course 19: Social Media Marketing Course -The Step by Step Guide Course 20: Workplace Communication Management Course 21: E-Commerce: Complete Guide to Income Mastery Course 22: Brand Branding Course 23: Consumer Rights Certificate Course 24: Food Labelling Regulations Training Course 25: Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) Certification Whether you're looking to enter the FMCG sector or seeking to advance your current position, this program offers the insights and practical skills you need to succeed. Enrol today! Learning Outcomes of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Understand the key characteristics and dynamics of the FMCG industry. Master the principles of effective retail operations and management. Develop expertise in product and inventory management techniques. Implement robust quality control measures and ensure efficient supply chains. Craft effective communication and customer service strategies. Gain a competitive edge with the latest social media marketing tactics. Why Choose Us? Get a Free CPD Accredited Certificate upon completion of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Get a free student ID card with Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Training program (£10 postal charge will be applicable for international delivery) The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods is affordable and simple to understand This course is entirely online, interactive lesson with voiceover audio Get Lifetime access to the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods course materials The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods comes with 24/7 tutor support Start your learning journey straightaway! *** Course Curriculum *** Course 01: Navigating the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) Industry Module 01: Introduction To FMCG Industry Module 02: FMCG Marketing Strategies Module 03: Sales And Distribution In FMCG Module 04: Introduction To Retail Management Module 05: Retail Strategy Module 06: Retail Buying And Merchandising Module 07: Retail Pricing Module 08: The Importance Of Communicating With Customers Module 09: Retail Psychology Module 10: Negotiate The Right Deal With Suppliers Module 11: Develop Store Security Procedures Module 12: Retailing And E-Commerce In FMCG Module 13: International FMCG Market Module 14: FMCG Industry Trends And Future Module 15: Case Study - Coca-Cola_s Marketing Strategy Module 16: Consumer Rights Act Course 02: Understanding Retail Operations Module 01: Introduction to Retail Management Module 02: Retail Strategy Module 03: The Sales Process and Dealing with Customers at the Checkout Module 04: Importance of Consumer Behaviour Module 05: The Importance of Communicating with Customers Module 06: Retail Psychology Module 07: Consumer Rights Act Course 03: Retail Management Skills Module 01: Introduction To Retail Management Module 02: Retail Strategy Module 03: Retail Buying And Merchandising Module 04: Retail Pricing Module 05: Supply Chain Management In Retailing Module 06: The Sales Process And Dealing With Customers At The Checkout Module 07: Importance Of Consumer Behaviour Module 08: Taking Trends And Targeting Customers Effectively Module 09: The Importance Of Communicating With Customers Module 10: Choosing A Retail Location Module 11: Retail Psychology Module 12: Negotiate The Right Deal With Suppliers Module 13: Develop Store Security Procedures Module 14: Management Skills For Leading Your Team Module 15: Selling In Multiple Channels Module 16: Retail Brand Management Module 17: Health & Safety For Retail Stores Module 18: Consumer Rights Act =========>>>>> And 22 More Courses <<<<<========= How will I get my Certificate? After successfully completing the course, you will be able to order your Certificates as proof of your achievement. PDF Certificate: Free (Previously it was £12.99*25 = £325) CPD Hard Copy Certificate: Free ( For The First Course: Previously it was £29.99) CPD 250 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone interested in learning more about the topic is advised to take this bundle. This bundle is ideal for: Individuals planning to enter the retail industry. Retail professionals aiming to enhance their skills and knowledge. Aspiring managers looking to learn about purchasing, commercial law, and purchase ledger. Anyone interested in gaining a comprehensive theoretical understanding of retail management. Requirements You will not need any prior background or expertise to enrol in this bundle. Career path After completing this bundle, you are to start your career or begin the next phase of your career. Product Manager Supply Chain Analyst Retail Buyer Marketing Manager Customer Service Rep. Quality Control Specialist Certificates CPD Accredited Digital Certificate Digital certificate - Included Upon passing the Course, you need to order a Digital Certificate for each of the courses inside this bundle as proof of your new skills that are accredited by CPD QS for Free. CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Hard copy certificate - Included Please note that International students have to pay an additional £10 as a shipment fee.