Get ready for an exceptional online learning experience with the Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle! This carefully curated collection of 20 premium courses is designed to cater to a variety of interests and disciplines. Dive into a sea of knowledge and skills, tailoring your learning journey to suit your unique aspirations. The Business Management & Sales package is dynamic, blending the expertise of industry professionals with the flexibility of digital learning. It offers the perfect balance of foundational understanding and advanced insights. Whether you're looking to break into a new field or deepen your existing knowledge, the Business Management & Sales package has something for everyone. As part of the Business Management & Sales, you will receive complimentary PDF certificates for all courses in this bundle at no extra cost. Equip yourself with the Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle to confidently navigate your career path or personal development journey. Enrol today and start your career growth! This Bundle Comprises the Following Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance CPD-accredited courses: Course 01: Business Management Course 02: Business Studies Course 03: Business Law Course 04: Business Intelligence Analyst Course 05: Business Performance Management Course 06: Project Management Course 07: Marketing Course 08: Marketing Strategies for Business Course 09: Marketing Secrets for High Sales Course 10: Lead Generation with Attraction Marketing for Business Course 11: Sales Skills Course 12: Creating Highly Profitable Sales Funnels Course 13: How To Build Sales Funnels With ClickFunnels Course 14: Social Media Marketing Course -The Step by Step Guide Course 15: Digital Marketing: The Ultimate Guide to Strategic Marketing Course 16: Affiliate Marketing Passive Income Made Easy Course 17: Diploma in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Course 18: Data Analysis and Forecasting in Excel Course 19: Time Management Training - Online Course Course 20: Decision-Making and Critical Thinking What will make you stand out? Upon completion of this online Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle, you will gain the following: CPD QS Accredited Proficiency with this Business Management & Sales bundle After successfully completing the Business Management & Sales bundle, you will receive a FREE PDF Certificate from REED as evidence of your newly acquired abilities. Lifetime access to the whole collection of learning materials in this Business Management & Sales bundle The online test with immediate results You can study and complete the Business Management & Sales bundle at your own pace. Study for the Business Management & Sales bundle using any internet-connected device, such as a computer, tablet, or mobile device. Each course in this Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle holds a prestigious CPD accreditation, symbolising exceptional quality. The materials, brimming with knowledge, are regularly updated, ensuring their relevance. This Business Management & Sales bundle promises not just education but an evolving learning experience. Engage with this extraordinary collection, and prepare to enrich your personal and professional development. Embrace the future of learning with Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance, a rich anthology of 30 diverse courses. Our experts handpick each course in the Business Management & Sales bundle to ensure a wide spectrum of learning opportunities. This Business Management & Sales bundle will take you on a unique and enriching educational journey. The Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle encapsulates our mission to provide quality, accessible education for all. Whether you are just starting your career, looking to switch industries, or hoping to enhance your professional skill set, the Business Management & Sales bundle offers you the flexibility and convenience to learn at your own pace. Make the Business Management & Sales package your trusted companion in your lifelong learning journey. CPD 200 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? The Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle is perfect for: Aspiring Business Professionals: Ideal for individuals aiming to enter various sectors of the business world, from management to finance. Current Employees Seeking Advancement: Employees in the business sector looking to enhance their skills and advance to higher-level positions. Entrepreneurs and Business Owners: Suitable for those planning to start their own business or who already run one and wish to improve their managerial and financial acumen. Students Considering Business Degrees: A great primer for students contemplating business studies or related fields at the university level. Career Changers: Individuals looking to transition into a business-oriented career from a different field, providing them with foundational knowledge and skills. Requirements You are warmly invited to register for this Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance bundle. Please be aware that no formal entry requirements or qualifications are necessary. This curriculum has been crafted to be open to everyone, regardless of previous experience or educational attainment. Career path Upon Business Studies, Business Management, Marketing, Sales, Accounting and Finance course completion, you can expect to: Business Analyst Marketing Manager Sales Manager Human Resources Manager Entrepreneur Financial Analyst Account Manager Project Manager Consultant Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Certificates CPD Certificates Digital certificate - Included
Overview This comprehensive course on Operations Management will deepen your understanding on this topic. After successful completion of this course you can acquire the required skills in this sector. This Operations Management comes with accredited certification, which will enhance your CV and make you worthy in the job market. So enrol in this course today to fast track your career ladder. How will I get my certificate? You may have to take a quiz or a written test online during or after the course. After successfully completing the course, you will be eligible for the certificate. Who is This course for? There is no experience or previous qualifications required for enrolment on this Operations Management. It is available to all students, of all academic backgrounds. Requirements Our Operations Management is fully compatible with PC's, Mac's, Laptop, Tablet and Smartphone devices. This course has been designed to be fully compatible with tablets and smartphones so you can access your course on Wi-Fi, 3G or 4G. There is no time limit for completing this course, it can be studied in your own time at your own pace. Career Path Having these various qualifications will increase the value in your CV and open you up to multiple sectors such as Business & Management, Admin, Accountancy & Finance, Secretarial & PA, Teaching & Mentoring etc. Course Curriculum 1 sections • 19 lectures • 07:38:00 total length •Module 01: Introduction to Operations Management: 00:23:00 •Module 02: Project Management: 00:22:00 •Module 03: Business Development and Succession Planning: 00:27:00 •Module 04: Process Management: 00:26:00 •Module 05: Supply Chain Management: 00:23:00 •Module 06: Planning & Forecasting Operations: 00:23:00 •Module 07: Procurement & Purchasing Management: 00:23:00 •Module 08: Manufacturing & Delivery Operations: 00:19:00 •Module 09: Quality Management: 00:23:00 •Module 10: Managing Risk and Recovery: 00:29:00 •Module 11: Performance Management: 00:21:00 •Module 12: Talent Management: 00:20:00 •Module 13: Communication Skills: 00:26:00 •Module 14: Negotiation Techniques: 00:19:00 •Module 15: Conflict Management: 00:17:00 •Module 16: Stress Management: 00:19:00 •Module 17: Time Management: 00:40:00 •Module 18: Business Environment: 00:19:00 •Module 19: Business Writing Skills: 00:39:00
***24 Hour Limited Time Flash Sale*** Land Surveying & Construction Cost Estimation - CPD Certified Admission Gifts FREE PDF & Hard Copy Certificate| PDF Transcripts| FREE Student ID| Assessment| Lifetime Access| Enrolment Letter The construction industry is a major contributor to the UK economy, but it's also one of the most complex and regulated. Ever wondered how much it costs to build a house or how to ensure a construction site is safe? Land surveying and construction cost estimation are essential skills for anyone involved in building projects, from surveyors and quantity surveyors to project managers and construction workers. This course bundle equips you with the knowledge and qualifications to thrive in this exciting and dynamic field. When you enrol in Land Surveying & Construction Cost Estimation Training, you'll receive 30 CPD-Accredited PDF Certificates, Hard Copy Certificates, and our exclusive student ID card, all absolutely free. This Land Surveying & Construction Cost Estimation Certified Bundle Contains 4 of Our Premium Courses for One Discounted Price: Course 01: Land Surveying Course 02: Construction Cost Estimation Course 03: Building Quantity Surveying Course 04: Diploma in Construction Industry Scheme (CIS): QLS Endorsed Course 05: Quantity Surveying Course 06: Building Surveying Course 07: Surveying Basics Course 08: Residential Surveyor Course 09: Construction Project Management Course 10: Construction Management Level 3 Course 11: Site Management Safety Training Scheme Course 12: Purchasing and Procurement Diploma Course 13: COSHH Awareness Course 14: Gas Safety Course 15: CSCS Health and Safety in a Construction Environment Course 16: Asbestos Surveying Course 17: Site Safety Plus Course 18: CDM Regulations Course 19: Operations and Supply Chain Management Course 20: Manual Handling Interactive Training Course 21: Emergency First Aid at Work (EFAW) Course 22: LOLER Regulations and LOLER Inspection Training Course 23: Abrasive Wheels Course 24: Advanced Electrical Safety Course 25: Environmental Health Course 26: Environmental Engineering Course 27: Construction Risk Assessment Course 28: Asbestos Surveyor Training Course 29: Estimation with RSMeans: Construction Estimation Course 30: Read Construction & Structural Drawing Like Expert This comprehensive bundle offers a one-stop-shop for those wanting to enter the construction industry. You'll gain the expertise to survey land, estimate construction costs, and understand the legal framework surrounding building projects. From learning to read blueprints to mastering health and safety regulations, this course equips you with the knowledge needed for a successful career in construction. Learning Outcomes of Land Surveying & Construction Cost Estimation Conduct land surveys to determine property boundaries and topography. Apply construction cost estimating techniques for accurate project budgeting. Understand the principles of building surveying and quantity surveying. Manage construction projects effectively from planning to completion. Implement essential health and safety practices on construction sites. Adhere to environmental regulations and minimise construction's impact. Enrol today and take the first step towards a rewarding career in the construction industry. Why Choose Us? Get a Free CPD Accredited Certificate upon completion of Land Surveying & Construction Get a free student ID card with Land Surveying & Construction Training The Land Surveying & Construction is affordable and simple to understand This course is entirely online, interactive lesson with voiceover audio Lifetime access to the Land Surveying & Construction course materials The Land Surveying & Construction comes with 24/7 tutor support Start your learning journey straightaway! ****Course Curriculum**** Course 01: Land Surveying Module 01: Introduction To Land Surveying Module 02: Land Surveying Basics Module 03: Land Surveying Instrumentation Module 04: Land Surveying Methods And Techniques Module 05: Topographic Surveying And Mapping Module 06: Boundary Surveying Module 07: Surveying Health And Safety Course 02: Construction Cost Estimation Module 1- Introduction to Construction Management Module 2- Cost Estimation Module 3- Role of Cost Estimator and New Aspects of Cost Estimation Module 4 - Elements and Factors influencing Cost Estimation Module 5 -Cost Estimation in Construction Industry Module 6 - Cost Management Module 7 - Management of Material for construction Course 03: Building Quantity Surveying Module 1: Building Law Principles Module 2: Building Procurement and Contract Administration Module 3: Building Technology Module 4: Cost Estimation Module 5: Elements and Factors influencing Cost Estimation Module 6: Cost Management Module 7: Management of Material for construction Module 8: Building Pathology Module 9: Building Adaption Module 10: Report Writing Module 11: Legal Aspects =========>>>>> And 27 More Courses <<<<<========= How will I get my Certificate? After successfully completing the course, you will be able to order your certificates as proof of your achievement. PDF Certificate: Free (Previously it was £12.99*20 = £389) CPD Hard Copy Certificate: Free ( For The Title Course: Previously it was £29.99) CPD 300 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone interested in learning more about the topic is advised to take this bundle. This bundle is ideal for: New Entrants Career Changers Project Managers Surveyors Site Managers Requirements You will not need any prior background or expertise to enrol in this Land Surveying & Construction Cost Estimation bundle. Career path After completing this bundle, you are to start your career or begin the next phase of your career. Land surveyor Quantity surveyor Project manager Site manager Building inspector Estimator Certificates CPD Accredited Digital Certificate Digital certificate - Included Upon passing the Course, you need to order a Digital Certificate for each of the courses inside this bundle as proof of your new skills that are accredited by CPD QS for Free. CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Hard copy certificate - Included Please note that International students have to pay an additional £10 as a shipment fee.
Event Management Training Online If you want to learn about Event Management Training and become an expert in the field, you have arrived at the right place. Industry experts designed this Event Management Training course to enable you to learn quickly and efficiently and at your own pace and convenience. The process of organising and managing an event is known as event management. This process includes everything from initial planning to post-event strategy. This Event Management Trainingcomprehensive course will provide you with a complete understanding of this topic. An event manager begins by making planning decisions such as the time, location, and theme of their event. During an event, event managers monitor the proceedings in real time to ensure that everything runs smoothly. Our Event Management Training course will teach you how to do these things, what the differences are, and how to do them well in a simple and practical way. Enrol today and take the next step towards your personal and professional goals. Courses are included in this Event Management Training Bundle Course Course 01: Level 7 Diploma in Event Management Course 02: Level 5 Diploma in Wedding Planner Course 03: level 4 Time Management Course 04: Level 7 Project Management Course 05: Level 2 Food Hygiene and Safety For Catering [ Note: Free PDF certificate as soon as completing the Event Management Training course ] Event Management Training Industry Experts Designed this Event Management Training course into 06 detailed modules. Certification of Event Management Training After completing the MCQ/Assignment assessment for this Event Management Training course, you will be entitled to a Certificate of Completion from Training Tale. The certificate is in PDF format, which is completely free to download. Who is this course for? Event Management Training The Event Management Training course is appropriate for students who want to learn new skills and knowledge for event planning. Requirements Event Management Training There are no specific requirements for this Event Management Training course because it does not require any advanced knowledge or skills. Career path Event Management Training Event management primarily provides opportunities for self-employment, but candidates can also pursue the following careers after completing the Event Management Training course.
Oil and Gas Management course is for those who want to advance in this field. Throughout this course, you will learn the essential skills and gain the knowledge needed to become well versed in Oil and Gas Management. Our course starts with the basics of Oil and Gas Management and gradually progresses towards advanced topics. Therefore, each lesson of this Oil and Gas Management is intuitive and easy to understand. So, stand out in the job market by completing the Oil and Gas Management course. Get an accredited certificate and add it to your resume to impress your employers. Along with the Oil and Gas Management course, you also get: Lifetime Access Unlimited Retake Exam & Tutor Support Easy Accessibility to the Course Materials- Anytime, Anywhere - From Any Smart Device (Laptop, Tablet, Smartphone Etc.) 100% Learning Satisfaction Guarantee Learn at your own pace from the comfort of your home, as the rich learning materials of this course are accessible from any place at any time. The curriculums are divided into tiny bite-sized modules by industry specialists. And you will get answers to all your queries from our experts. So, enrol and excel in your career with Compliance Central. Curriculum Breakdown of the Course:- Introduction to Oil and Gas Management Energy, Economics and Finance in Oil and Gas Oil and Gas Project Management Managing Oil and Gas Pipelines Project Risk Analysis Managing Communication and Conflict Oil and Gas Health and Safety CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone from any background can enrol in this Oil and Gas Management course. Requirements To enrol in this Oil and Gas Management course, all you need is a basic understanding of the English Language and an internet connection. Career path After completing this course, you can explore trendy and in-demand jobs related to Oil and Gas Management. Certificates CPD Accredited PDF Certificate Digital certificate - Included CPD Accredited PDF Certificate CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Hard copy certificate - £10.79 CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Delivery Charge: Inside the UK: Free Outside of the UK: £9.99 each
Project Management -Overview Are you a parent who is considering home education for your child? Do you want to know the benefits and challenges of homeschooling and how to do it legally and effectively? Well, our Home Education is designed to make you capable of starting and succeeding in home education. As the course begins, you will gain an in-depth understanding of the objectives and factors of home education and how it differs from traditional schooling. Plus, you will learn how to comply with UK home education's legal requirements and regulations and how to deregister your child from school. Moreover, in this course, you will gain insights into the advantages and disadvantages of home education, weighing factors such as flexibility, individualised instruction, and socialisation against potential challenges. Moving deeper into the course, you will learn to identify and differentiate between prominent homeschooling methods, including classical, Montessori, unschooling, world schooling, and Waldorf approaches. Furthermore, this course will teach you how to implement practical strategies for creating structured daily schedules, easing into homeschool routines, and staying organised throughout the academic year. Enrol in the Home Education course today and prepare to embark on a rewarding and fulfilling educational journey! Why Choose Teachers Training Some of our website features are: This is a dedicated website for teaching 24/7 tutor support Interactive Content Affordable price Courses accredited by the UK's top awarding bodies 100% online Flexible deadline Entry Requirements No formal entry requirements. You need to have: Passion for learning A good understanding of the English language Be motivated and hard-working Over the age of 16. Certification CPD Certification from The Teachers Training Successfully completing the MCQ exam of this course qualifies you for a CPD-accredited certificate from The Teachers Training. You will be eligible for both PDF copy and hard copy of the certificate to showcase your achievement however you wish. You can get your digital certificate (PDF) for £4.99 only Hard copy certificates are also available, and you can get one for only £10.99 You can get both PDF and Hard copy certificates for just £12.99! The certificate will add significant weight to your CV and will give you a competitive advantage when applying for jobs. Home Education Introduction to Home Education 00:18:00 Formal Requirements for Home-Schooling 00:29:00 Advantages and Disadvantages of Home Education 00:23:00 Methods of Homeschooling (Part -A) 00:33:00 Methods of Homeschooling (Part - B) 00:28:00 Methods of Homeschooling (Part - C) 00:17:00 Assessment of Home Education 00:25:00 Challenges of Home Education 00:14:00 Advices for Prospective Homeschooler's Parents 00:26:00
Microsoft Project 2016 Advanced is one of our best selling and most popular course. This course is suitable for anyone aspiring to or already working in Microsoft Project and looks at skills needed to improve Microsoft Project. By taking this course you will gain the necessary skills to perform effectively in this field. The Microsoft Project 2016 Advanced is organised into 4 modules and includes everything you need to become successful in this profession. To make this course more accessible for you, we have designed it for both part-time and full-time students. You can study at your own pace or become an expert in just 18hours! If you require support, our experienced tutors are always available to help you throughout the comprehensive syllabus of this course and answer all your queries through email. Why choose this course Earn an e-certificate upon successful completion. Accessible, informative modules taught by expert instructors Study in your own time, at your own pace, through your computer tablet or mobile device Benefit from instant feedback through mock exams and multiple-choice assessments Get 24/7 help or advice from our email and live chat teams Full Tutor Support on Weekdays Course Design The course is delivered through our online learning platform, accessible through any internet-connected device. There are no formal deadlines or teaching schedules, meaning you are free to study the course at your own pace. You are taught through a combination of Video lessons Online study materials Mock exams Multiple-choice assessment Certification After the successful completion of the final assessment, you will receive a CPD-accredited certificate of achievement. The PDF certificate is for £9.99, and it will be sent to you immediately after through e-mail. You can get the hard copy for £15.99, which will reach your doorsteps by post. Course Content Managing the Project Environment Link Projects 01:00:00 Create and Use Resource Pools 01:30:00 Baseline a Project 00:00:00 Work with Custom Fields 01:30:00 Change Project Options 01:30:00 Extend Project with Apps 00:30:00 Managing Task Structures Change a Task List 01:30:00 Create a Network Diagram 00:45:00 Manage the Critical Path 00:15:00 Use Lag and Lead 00:30:00 Update Project Work 00:45:00 Analyze Earned Value 01:00:00 Generating Project Views Use View Commands 01:00:00 Use Existing Views 00:15:00 Create Custom Views 01:30:00 Format and Share the Timeline View 00:45:00 Producing Project Reports Use Existing Reports 00:30:00 Create Custom Reports 01:30:00 Export Visual Reports 01:00:00 Activities Activities - Microsoft Project 2016 Advanced 00:00:00 Mock Exam Mock Exam- Microsoft Project 2016 Advanced 00:20:00 Final Exam Final Exam- Microsoft Project 2016 Advanced 00:20:00 Order your Certificates & Transcripts Order your Certificates & Transcripts 00:00:00 Frequently Asked Questions Are there any prerequisites for taking the course? There are no specific prerequisites for this course, nor are there any formal entry requirements. All you need is an internet connection, a good understanding of English and a passion for learning for this course. Can I access the course at any time, or is there a set schedule? You have the flexibility to access the course at any time that suits your schedule. Our courses are self-paced, allowing you to study at your own pace and convenience. How long will I have access to the course? For this course, you will have access to the course materials for 1 year only. This means you can review the content as often as you like within the year, even after you've completed the course. However, if you buy Lifetime Access for the course, you will be able to access the course for a lifetime. Is there a certificate of completion provided after completing the course? Yes, upon successfully completing the course, you will receive a certificate of completion. This certificate can be a valuable addition to your professional portfolio and can be shared on your various social networks. Can I switch courses or get a refund if I'm not satisfied with the course? We want you to have a positive learning experience. If you're not satisfied with the course, you can request a course transfer or refund within 14 days of the initial purchase. How do I track my progress in the course? Our platform provides tracking tools and progress indicators for each course. You can monitor your progress, completed lessons, and assessments through your learner dashboard for the course. What if I have technical issues or difficulties with the course? If you encounter technical issues or content-related difficulties with the course, our support team is available to assist you. You can reach out to them for prompt resolution.
MSP® certification provides guidance for programme managers, business change managers and the next step for project managers to develop their knowledge and skills to be able to positively respond to the challenges for managing programmes and larger, more strategic or multiple projects. MSP 5th edition emphasizes flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness by adopting an incremental approach to the programme lifecycle and thus enabling organizational agility. AXELOS offers two levels of MSP Examination: MSP Foundation and MSP Practitioner. The MSP Foundation Examination is intended to assess whether the candidate can demonstrate sufficient recall and understanding of the MSP programme management framework. The MSP Foundation qualification is a prerequisite for the MSP Practitioner Examination, which assesses the ability to apply understanding of the MSP programme management framework in context. The MSP® 5th Edition Foundation course is a training based on the exam specification for MSP Foundation certification and is aligned with the Managing Successful Programmes (5th Edition) guide from AXELOS.
Disciplined Agile Scrum Master (DASM): In-House Training Is your team treading water using waterfall? Do you feel trapped in an agile framework? Would you like to find solutions to the problems you've been wrestling with? Are you looking for ways to enhance your team's agility? Break free from your old ways by choosing a way of working that fits your team's context. Find strategies to improve your processes and strengthen your team with the Disciplined Agile® tool kit. Disciplined Agile Scrum Master is a nine-lesson, instructor-led course that shows you how to use Disciplined Agile (DA™) to improve your team's way of working. In just two days, you will become familiar with foundational agile and lean practices that DA supports, practice using the tool kit to solve problems, and learn how to build high-performance teams. Filled with activities, animations, supplemental reading, and more, this course will prepare you to take the Disciplined Agile Scrum Master (DASM) exam and, equally important, start using Disciplined Agile immediately. #BBD0E0 » What You Will Learn After the completion of this course, you will be able to: Apply foundational agile and lean practices in your own team setting Describe what business agility is and how it is core to value proposition of Disciplined Agile® Describe the significance of the Disciplined Agile mindset Define the DA™ principles, promises, and guidelines and how they set Disciplined Agile apart from other frameworks Explain how people are organized into DA teams Define the primary DA roles and how they each are key to the success of a self-organizing agile team Explain how to help your team work well together using the Lean principle of 'respect people' Analyze your team's context to make better process-related decisions Select the best-fit DA life cycles for your teams Apply the five DA steps of choosing your team's way of working (WoW) Apply the relevant agile and lean techniques to successfully initiate your team Apply the relevant agile and lean techniques to support your team producing business value Apply the relevant agile and lean techniques to support your team releasing their work into production Apply the relevant agile and lean techniques to support your team on an ongoing basis Recognize when to be resilient List and define the principles of Lean Significance of the Disciplined Agile® Mindset Business agility and how it is core to value proposition of Disciplined Agile Eight DA principles and how they are core to what sets Disciplined Agile apart from other agile frameworks Which situations each of the DA™ life cycles is best applied DA Practice of choosing a team's way of working (WoW) Foundations of Agile How people are organized into DA teams Primary DA roles and how they each are key to the success of a self-organizing agile team Help your team work well together (Lean principle 'Respect people') Inception phase and why it is important DA tool kit to tailor your way of working within a select phase according to context Agile techniques and ceremonies relevant to Inception Construction phase and why it is important Agile techniques and ceremonies that take place during Construction Eliminate Waste and Build Quality (Lean principles) Deliver Value Quickly (Lean principle) Transition phase and why it is important Ongoing phase and why it is important Learn Pragmatically (Lean principle) Elements of the process blade (onion) diagram Principles of Lean When to be resilient Benefits of explicit workflow Kaizen loops and PDSA techniques for continuous improvement Options for cross-team learning: "community of practice" and "center of excellence"