17 Educators providing Plane courses in London

Airline Cabin Crew also known as: Air Hostess, Flight Attendant and Stewardess. This intensive class based – 10 weeks, part-time (lessons once a week) course will give you all information and tools you will need to succeed. Enter the world of possibilities, adventure and travel with leading Airline Cabin Crew course Provider in the UK. Flight Attendant, Cabin Crew, Stewardess, Air Hostess – Regardless of what this career is called in your part of the world, we have the training program for you. Join the elite team of flight attendants and experience the thrill of flying while making a difference in people’s journey. Fly the world and get paid for it! Join our Airline Cabin Crew course and take the first step towards an exciting career in the skies. Our Airline Cabin Crew course is designed to make you ready for the job. This intensive class based 10 weeks (part time) Airline Cabin Crew course will give you all information and tools you will need to become successful job candidate. You will have one class per week for ten consecutive weeks. Our Aviation Team provide full support to each candidate who wish to become Airline Cabin Crew or start a career in Aviation. We provide A-Z guidance starting from before and after the course. Our graduates are flying around the globe and we are confident that we can help to make your dream a reality! 98% Employment rate after completion of the course. Who is a Flight Attendant? Flight attendant/Airline Cabin Crew/Stewardess/Air Hostess are the most visible, glamorous jobs of all airline employees. A Flight Attendant is someone whose primary duty is to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers during a flight. They are members of an aircrew team , who operate a commercial, business or even military aircraft while travelling domestically or internationally. Flight Attendant benefits: Getting paid for travelling the world Lifestyle Flexible Work Schedules Meeting Interesting People Free Food & Accommodation Excellent Compensation The uniforms Working Environment How to become Flight Attendant?Airline companies look for individuals who share their values and can act as ambassadors for the company’s brand. Airline Cabin Crew are the face of the airline company which means they deliver a fantastic service that makes airline world famous. Airline companies prefer candidates with knowledge of Cabin Crew role. Airline companies have selection day or online tests as a first stage of recruitment, after which, they will take a closer look at applicants CV, skills and experience. If you completed Airline Cabin Crew course at least 70 hours (we offer 90 hour training), your application will stand out and you can get an offer from the first round. You will be able to pass all tasks during interview process as you will have knowledge about Cabin Crew role. Student – Cabin Crew Flying Support Group As a market leading Airline Cabin Crew Training Company with a wealth of experience in Aviation, we constantly upgrading our course and going extra nautical mile to guide and support all our students to ensure they can reach their goals. Graduates who are already flying, offer their full support to us and new students. They share an insight of the airline they already fly with, and help new students through the process of joining them at that airline. It gives a flying start to a career to new learners. Why London Waterloo Academy? Top Airline Cabin Crew course provider in London 98% Employment rate after completion of the course Individual support on the journey from the course to a job placement With years of experience in Airline Cabin Crew industry, London Waterloo Academy has been recognised by major TV, radio channels who have invited our Aviation Team for expert advice or interview. We are recognised by major airline companies in Europe and overseas who have approached London Waterloo Academy to deliver internal cabin crew training, corporate training and to recruit our graduates as a result of their high qualification standards and knowledge. Our graduates are now flying with Etihad, Saudi Air, Hainan Airlines, Small Planet, British Airways, Qatar, EasyJet, Thomas Cook, Ryanair, Cubana de Aviación, Air France,Titan, Norwegian B737 Short Haul and many more. You will become a qualified Cabin Crew, meet the standards and requirements by employers globally On successful completion you will hold: Airline Cabin Crew certificate in Current Airline Training Standards and Equipment, TUI, British Airways or Virgin Atlantic certificates for the SEP (Safety Equipment & Procedures) training Exclusive class visit by Leading Airline Representatives (questions and answers sessions) Exclusive practical training with TUI, Virgin Atlantic or British Airways We will enhance your CV Successful students will get an exclusive VIP hangar tour and a private aircraft recognition certificate of attendance Guidance through the job application process (free of charge) Gain an insight into the airline selection process and final one-to-one interview The vast global experience of our instructors Great working relationship with Corporate Crew Solution This course has been developed in accordance with EASA PART-CC We have a community feel atmosphere where each individual values and respects one another. This may be the reason why our graduates, even those who have completed the course many years ago, continue to come back not only for a chat and a cuppa, but also to share personal issues, tell us of their experience and give us invitations, among many other reasons. Working together – Starting a new career isn’t easy and often it can seem like a lonely and impossible process. Our Aviation Department stays behind each learner, supporting every step of the way. We give you tools, skills and assistance you need to succeed. Our success, built on the success of our students and a long list of graduates with successful stories. How will you learn? The course based on theory and external practical classes with British Airways, Virgin Atlantic or TUI Aviation includes: Aircraft door operations and Passenger Evacuation drills from the crew seat. A320 slide decent, Fire and Smoke drills. Pilot Incapacitation and Immediate Care drills including CPR and Defibrillator training. Course Entry Requirements: English Language at B2 (CEFR) level or above. We accept a huge range of international qualifications so don’t worry. Pop in for a chat with us if you’re unsure (or drop us a line – info@waterlooacademy.co.uk; or, if you prefer speaking to a human voice, +44(0)7484 014980). This is quite important because, for better or for worse, English is the international language. Therefore, your future fly-mates and customers would expect you to speak English. What if I speak broken English or have a strong accent? What can I do? Frantic mode ON. Don’t panic! As a multi-disciplinary Academy, we have a huge range of English language coursesclick here. Our English Language Department is one of the best in London. We are here to help. We won’t let you be deterred simply because of language issues. Courses can be combined, it will also boost your confidence when applying for the job or having an interview. What else do I need? Nothing! Our cabin crew course, as we’ve alluded before, is really good. We teach you everything you need to know from scratch. Since aviation is so different from other fields, we think, as long as you have the passion and determination, we are absolutely honoured to have you on board (pun most certainly intended)! Course dates (please choose one for your course): 15 May 2024 – 17 July 2024, Wednesday classes 18 September 2024 – 20 November 2024, Wednesday classes 14 November 2024 – 16 January 2025, Thursday classes Course duration – 10 weeks, once a week classes. Available Study mode – class based, Virtual (via Zoom) and hybrid Time – 10am to 5pm Registration fee for UK/EU candidates– £300 (includes: examination, Airline Cabin Crew certificate in Current Airline Training Standards and Equipment, participation certificate by TUI/British Airways or Virgin Atlantic in Introduction to SEP (Safety Equipment & Procedures, please note this is not a Cabin Crew attestation)) Tuition fee – £829 (we offer flexible payment plan and accept weekly instalments) International Candidates – Check if you need a UK visa here – £1,729 must be paid in full on registration. In case of visa refusal only £300 will be refunded.

Hardening Cisco devices training course description A hands on course focusing on how to lock down Cisco IOS routers and switches. What will you learn Harden Cisco devices. Hardening Cisco devices training course details Who will benefit: Technical network staff. Technical security staff. Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers. Duration 5 days Hardening Cisco devices training course content Introduction Router security, Switch security, Cisco IOS, IOS versions, Cisco advisories, the management plane, control plane, data plane. Hands on Checking IOS versions and advisories. Access control Infrastructure ACLs, Transit ACLs. Hands on Restricting access to the device, Filtering data traffic. Management plane: Securing operations Passwords, privilege levels, AAA, TACACS+, RADIUS. Hands on Password management. Management plane: Other general hardening Logging best practices, secure protocols, encrypting management sessions, configuration management. Hands on Hardening the management plane. Control plane Disabling reception and transmission of certain messages, Limiting CPU impact of control plane traffic, securing routing protocols. Hands on Hardening the control plane. Data plane Transit ACLs, disabling unused services, disabling unnecessary protocols, anti spoofing, limiting CPU impact of data plane traffic, identifying and tracing traffic, Netflow, VLANs, port security. Hands on hardening the data plane.

Essential SDN training course description Software Defined Networking (SDN) has become one of the industries most talked technologies. This training course cuts through the hype and looks at the technology, architecture and products available for SDN along with looking at the impact it may have on your network. What will you learn Explain how SDN works. Describe the architecture of SDN. Explain the relationship between SDN and OpenFlow. Recognise the impact SDN will have on existing networks. Essential SDN training course details Who will benefit: Anyone wishing to know more about SDN. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Essential SDN training course contents Introduction What is SDN? What is OpenFlow? SDN benefits. The SDN stack and architecture. SDN architecture SDN applications, SDN switches, SDN controllers, Network Operating Systems. Control plane, data plane. Control to Data Plane Interface (CDPI), Northbound interfaces. SDN components, control and data plane abstractions. Network Operating Systems Finding the topology, Global view, control program, configuration based on views, graph algorithm. OpenFlow Just one part of SDN. Open Networking Foundation, OpenFlow ports, Flow tables, OpenFlow Channels. The OpenFlow protocol, OpenFlow header, OpenFlow operations. OpenFlow versus OpFlex. SDN and open source OpenDaylight, OpenVSwitch, Open Networking Forum, Open Network Operating System. OpenStack Neutron. SDN implications Separation of control and data plane, NOS running on servers, Emphasis on edge complexity, core simplicity, OpenvSwitch, Incremental migration, importance of software. SDN vs NVF.

STP alternatives training course description The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) dates from 1985. This course explores the technologies that can be used as an alternative to STP, including FabricPath, SPB and TRILL. What will you learn Explain how STP and RSTP work. Explain how TRILL works. Explain how SPB works. Explain how FabricPath works. STP alternatives training course details Who will benefit: Technical network staff. Prerequisites: Definitive Ethernet switching for engineers Duration 1 day STP alternatives training course contents Introduction Layer 2 versus Layer 3, STP problems: One path, convergence, MAC explosion, STP alternatives. STP 802.1D, how STP works, root bridge, convergence times, single path. RSTP 802.1w, Improvements, convergence times. Link aggregation 802.3ad, Multi system Link aggregation. IS-IS Concepts, Discovery, topology exchange, flooding. Changes for TRILL, FabricPath and SPB. FabricPath Overview, architecture, control plane protocols, DRAP, STP interactions, packet forwarding, configuration. TRILL Concepts, RBridge, TRILL frames, control plane, data plane, learning MAC addresses. SPB 802.1aq, Node ID, Backbone Edge Bridges, Backbone MAC address, customer MACs, I-SID, forwarding database.

4G training course description This course is designed to give the delegate an understanding of the technologies used within a 3G UMTS mobile network. During the course we will investigate the UMTS air interface and the use of Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) to facilitate high speed data access, together with HSPA to offer mobile broadband services. We will describe the use of soft handover rather than hard handover procedures and soft capacity sharing. The course includes a brief exploration of the UMTS protocol stack and the use of PDP Context and QoS support features. What will you learn Explain the 3G UMTS architecture. Describe the role of a Drifting & Serving RNC. Explain the use of ARQ & HARQ for mobile broadband. Describe how IMS integrates into the architecture. Describe the use of Media Gateway Controllers. Identify the temporary identities used within 3G UMTS. 4G training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working within the telecommunications area, especially within the mobile environment. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Telecommunications Introduction Duration 2 days 4G training course contents LTE Introduction The path to LTE, 3GPP. LTE to LTE advanced. LTE Architecture The core, Access, roaming. Protocols: User plane, Control plane. Example information flows. Bearer management. Spectrum allocation. LTE technologies Transmission, reception, OFDMA, multiple antenna, MIMO. LTE Air interface Air interface protocol stack. Channels, Resource Grid, cell acquisition. Up and downlink controls. Layer 2 protocols. Cell acquisition Power on, selecting networks and cells. RRC connection. Attach procedure. Mobility management Roaming, RRC_IDLE, RRC_CONNECTED, cell reselection, handover, interoperation with UMTS and GSM networks. Voice and text IMS, QoS, policy and charging.

CCNP training course description The Implementing and Operating Cisco Enterprise Network Core Technologies (ENCOR) v1.2 course provides the knowledge and skills needed to configure, troubleshoot, and manage enterprise wired and wireless networks. You'll learn to implement security principles within an enterprise network and how to overlay network design using solutions such as SDAccess and SD-WAN. Course content includes 3 days of self-study material. This course helps you prepare for the 350-401 Implementing Cisco Enterprise Network Core Technologies (ENCOR) exam What will you learn Configure, troubleshoot, and manage enterprise wired and wireless networks Implement security principles within an enterprise network Prepare you prepare to take the 350-401 Implementing Cisco Enterprise Network Core Technologies (ENCOR) exam CCNP training course details Who will benefit: Mid-level network engineers, Network administrators, Network support technicians, Help desk technicians. Prerequisites: Implementation of Enterprise LAN networks. Basic understanding of Enterprise routing and wireless connectivity, and Python scripting Duration 5 days CCNP training course content Cisco Enterprise Network Architecture: Access, distribution, core in the hierarchical network. Cisco Switching Paths: Switching mechanisms, TCAM, CAM, process switching, fast switching, and CEF. Implementing Campus LAN Connectivity: Troubleshoot L2 connectivity using VLANs and trunkingBuilding Redundant Switched Topology: STP Implementing Layer 2 Port Aggregation Troubleshoot link aggregation using Etherchannel EIGRP Implement and optimize OSPFv2/v3, including adjacencies, packet types, and areas, summarization, and route filtering for IPv4/v6 Implement EBGP interdomain routing, path selection, and single and dual-homed networkingImplementing Network Redundancy: HSRP and VRRP Implement static and dynamic NAT Virtualization Protocols and TechniquesVPNs and Interfaces: Overlay technologies such as VRF, GRE, VPN, and LISP Wireless Principles: RF, antenna characteristics, and wireless standards.Wireless Deployment: Models available, autonomous AP deployments and cloud-based designs within the centralized Cisco WLC architecture Wireless Roaming and Location ServicesWireless AP Operation: How APs communicate with WLCs to obtain software, configurations, and centralized managementWireless Client Authentication: EAP, WebAuth, and PSK wireless client authentication on a WLC. Troubleshoot wireless client connectivity issues using various available tools Troubleshoot networks using services such as NTP, SNMP, Cisco IP SLAs, NetFlow, and Cisco IOS EEM Explain network analysis and troubleshooting tools, which include show and debug commands, as well as best practices in troubleshootingMulticast Protocols: IGMP v2/v3, PIM DM/SM and RPs Introducing QoS: Concepts and features. Implementing Network Services: Secure administrative access for Cisco IOS devices using CLI access, RBAC, ACL, and SSH, and device hardening concepts to secure devices from less secure applications Using Network Analysis ToolsInfrastructure Security: Scalable administration using AAA and the local database, features and benefits Enterprise Network Security Architecture: VPNs, content security, logging, endpoint security, personal firewalls, and other security features. Automation and Assurance with Cisco DNA Center: Purpose, function, features, and workflow. Intent-Based Networking, for network visibility, proactive monitoring, and application experienceCisco SD-Access Solution: Nodes, fabric control plane, and data plane, VXLAN gatewaysCisco SD-WAN Solution: Components and features of Cisco SD-WAN solutions, including the orchestration, management, control, and data planesBasics of Python Programming: Python components and conditionals with script writing and analysis Network Programmability: NETCONF and RESTCONF APIs in Cisco DNA Center and vManage Labs: Investigate the CAM. Analyze CEF. Troubleshoot VLAN and Trunk Issues. Tuning STP and Configuring RSTP. Configure MSTP. Troubleshoot EtherChannel. Implement Multi-area OSPF. Implement OSPF Tuning. Apply OSPF Optimization. Implement OSPFv3. Configure and Verify Single-Homed EBGP. Implementing HSRP. Configure VRRP. Implement NAT. Configure and Verify VRF. Configure and Verify a GRE Tunnel. Configure Static VTI Point-to-Point Tunnels. Configure Wireless Client Authentication in a Centralized Deployment. Troubleshoot Wireless Client Connectivity Issues. Configure Syslog. Configure and Verify Flexible NetFlow. Configuring Cisco IOS EEM. Troubleshoot Connectivity and Analyze Traffic with Ping, Traceroute, and Debug. Configure and Verify Cisco IP SLAs. Configure Standard and Extended ACLs. Configure Control Plane Policing. Implement Local and Server-Based AAA. Writing and Troubleshooting Python Scripts. Explore JSON Objects and Scripts in Python. Use NETCONF Via SSH. Use RESTCONF with Cisco IOS XE.

LTE training course description This course is designed to give the delegate an understanding of the technologies used within a 3G UMTS mobile network. During the course we will investigate the UMTS air interface and the use of Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) to facilitate high speed data access, together with HSPA to offer mobile broadband services. We will describe the use of soft handover rather than hard handover procedures and soft capacity sharing. The course includes a brief exploration of the UMTS protocol stack and the use of PDP Context and QoS support features. What will you learn Explain the 3G UMTS architecture. Describe the role of a Drifting & Serving RNC. Explain the use of ARQ & HARQ for mobile broadband. Describe how IMS integrates into the architecture. Describe the use of Media Gateway Controllers. Identify the temporary identities used within 3G UMTS. LTE training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working within the telecommunications area, especially within the mobile environment. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Telecommunications Introduction Duration 2 days LTE training course contents LTE Introduction The path to LTE, 3GPP. LTE to LTE advanced. LTE Architecture The core, Access, roaming. Protocols: User plane, Control plane. Example information flows. Bearer management. Spectrum allocation. LTE technologies Transmission, reception, OFDMA, multiple antenna, MIMO. LTE Air interface Air interface protocol stack. Channels, Resource Grid, cell acquisition. Up and downlink controls. Layer 2 protocols. Cell acquisition Power on, selecting networks and cells. RRC connection. Attach procedure. Mobility management Roaming, RRC_IDLE, RRC_CONNECTED, cell reselection, handover, interoperation with UMTS and GSM networks. Voice and text IMS, QoS, policy and charging.

Network management technologies course description A comprehensive tour of the available network management technologies available for todays networks. The course starts with basic tools such as syslog along with Python network automation. SNMP is then covered with the *flow technologies and streaming telemetry. Configuration management with ansible, Python, NETCONF and RESTCONF is then studied. The final part of the course looks at SDN. Hands on sessions are used throughout to reinforce the theory rather than teach specific manufacturer equipment. Note that sections are available as individual courses. What will you learn Evaluate network management technologies. Evaluate network management technologies. Recognise the weaknesses of SNMP versus NETCONF and streaming telemetry. Explain the role of NETCONF and RESTCONF. Compare & contrast *flow and streaming telemetry. Explain the role of SDN in network management. Automate network configuration with ansible and Python. Network management technologies course details Who will benefit: Those wishing to manage networks. (Previous Python experience is NOT needed) Prerequisites: Intro to data comms Duration 5 days Network management technologies course content Basic network management Network management What is network management? Benefits, issues. FCAPS model. Fault management, Configuration management, accounting, performance, security. What to manage, what not to manage. Managing network devices, managing servers. Monitoring networks Traditional network tools Ping..., SSH, syslog, TFTP for configurations. nmap. Wireshark. CLI. Web based management. Splunk. Nessus, snort, Kali. Hands on syslog, network inventories. Network automation using the CLI Programming and automating networks, netOps. Python, Git. Python network modules, SSH, paramiko, netmiko. EVE-NG. Hands onPython network modules. Structured versus unstructured data Problems with automation and unstructured data. XML, JSON, YAML. The role of YANG. Hands on Parsing data. SNMP SNMP architecture, SNMP MIBs, SMI, the SNMP protocol, polling security. Configuring SNMP. SNMPv1, v2, v3, SNMP security. Which version should you use? MIBs and MIB structure. mib-2, extra parts of mib-2, Private enterprise MIBs. Summary: What SNMP is good/bad at. Hands on Configuring agents and a NMS. MIB browsing. Server management Microsoft, Linux, application polling. WMI vs SNMP. Hands on: Application polling. Performance management *flow Polling, push vs pull, netflow, sflow, IPFIX, *flow. Flows. Where to monitor traffic. Comparing *flow with SNMP. Architecture: Generators and collectors. When flows are exported. NetFlow reporting products. SolarWinds. Hands on Netflow configuration. Collectors. Streaming telemetry Model driven telemetry, periodic/on change. Structured data. Telemetry protocol stack. gRPC and gNMI. Protobuf. gNMI operations. Telemetry architecture. Telegraf, databases, Grafana. Hands on Telemetry example. Configuration management Configuration management tools Chef, puppet, ansible, saltstack. Ansible architecture, controlling machines, nodes, agentless, SSH, modules. Inventories, playbooks, modules, network modules, jinja2 templates. Hands on Network configuration with ansible. NETCONF What is NETCONF? Protocol stack, Data stores, traffic flows, validating configurations, rollback. YANG data models and how YANG is used by NETCONF. XML. Explorers and other tools. Hands on anx, Python and NETCONF. RESTCONF The REST API, HTTP, What is RESTCONF? Tools including Postman. Comparison with NETCONF. Hands on Configuration with RESTCONF. Python network automation: configuration SSH issues. Using structured data. Jinja2. ncclient, requests, NAPALM, Nornir. Automated testing. Hands on Python network device configuration with nornir. Software Defined Networks and orchestration Classic SDN What is SDN? benefits. SDN architecture. SDN applications, SDN switches, SDN controllers, Network Operating Systems. Control plane, data plane. Northbound interfaces. SDN components. Southbound interfaces. OpenFlow. ONF, OpenFlow ports, Flow tables. Network virtualization Virtual networks, virtual switches, NfV. Service chaining. NfV and SDN. SDN implementations Classic SDN, Hybrid SDN, SDN via APIs, SDN via overlays. Data centre SDN, VXLAN, Service Provider SDN, SD WAN, Enterprise SDN, WiFi. SDN and open source OpenDaylight, OpenVSwitch, Open Networking Forum, Open Network Operating System. Hands onOpenStack. SD-WAN What is SD-WAN? Architecture: Edge, gateway, orchestrator, controller. Overlay and underlay. Use of MPLS, 4G/5G. Benefits and features. Secure Access Service Edge (SASE).

WAN training course description A hands on Introduction to Wide Area Networks for engineers. This course covers all current major WAN technologies from a perspective of design, evaluating technologies available as well as hands on to consolidate the theory What will you learn Describe the seven-layer model and realise how it applies to the real world. Evaluate and describe WAN technologies. Describe the architecture of WANs in the core. Use WANS to interconnect LANS. WAN training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff wishing to find out more about how their WAN works. Prerequisites: Intro to data communications & networking Duration 5 days WAN training course contents Introduction LANs, MANS and WANS, protocols, the OSI seven layer model, ITU-T, ETSI, DTE, DCE, and the overall picture. WAN architectures Service providers, core, access, DTE, DCE, CPE, dialup, circuit switched, packet switched, how to choose a WAN, common bandwidths, site to site, remote access. Topologies: Star, Full mesh, partial mesh. History of WANs Before IP was ubiquitous, The PSTN, Dial up networks, modems, ISDN, Stat mux, TDM, 64k, N*64, E1, X25, Frame Relay The role of IP and routers The growth of IP, the role of routers, routing tables, routing protocols. Hands on: IP and routing. Layer 1 Physical Copper, Fibre, Wireless, Microwave, Phone lines, FTTC, FTTH, mobile networks. Service provider technologies The transport plane, SDH, SONET, DWDM. WAN access Phone lines, leased lines, xDSL, WiMax, satellite, the role of PPP. Broadband adband xDSL, ADSL, SDSL, local loops, DSLAM, DSL architecture. ATM Cell switching principles, ATM switching, Virtual paths, QOS, CBR, VBR, ABR, UBR, AAL1 to AAL5, MPOA, LANE, Voice over ATM. The Internet VPNs, IPSEC, QOS. What is MPLS? Core MPLS, MPLS and the 7 layer model, MPLS protocol, MPLS standard, MPLS runs on routers, MPLS history, Why MPLS? MPLS architecture LSRs, PE and P router roles, FEC, swapping labels, MPLS packet format, Loops, TTL control. Ethernet What is Ethernet? LANs, MANs, WANs, Ethernet and switches in the LAN. Traditional LAN/WAN integration, routers. The Ethernet interface for the WAN. Standards: Transporting carrier Ethernet.

Telecomms training course description A comprehensive tour of the telecommunications technologies and terminology currently in use, and under development. What will you learn List and describe components of the PSTN. Explain how calls are made over the PSTN Compare analog and digital transmission methods. Describe the technologies within the transport plane. Recognise the benefits of extra features available in today's telephone networks. Telecomms training course details Who will benefit: Anyone new to the Telecommunications industry. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days Telecomms training course contents Telephone network architecture Handsets, local loop, distribution points, Local exchanges, main telephone switches, PBXs. Making a call - some basics Telephone call components, how a telephone call works, accessing the local exchange, loop disconnect, DTMF, standards, E.164, PSTN routing, Intelligent Networks, Special Rate Services. Analogue vs Digital Voice characteristics, PSTN bandwidth, analogue signalling, Digital encoding, PCM and the 64k, ADPCM and other voice compression methods. PBXs PABX, Call processing, networking PBXs, PBX facilities, bandwidth, blocking probability and Erlangs, Erlang models, using Erlang tables. Transmission methods Two wire transmission, 64k circuits, Nx64, E1, 2 wire to 4 wire conversion, echo, echo suppression, echo cancellers, twisted pair, coax, fibre optic, power lines, satellite systems, microwave. Signalling Analogue signalling, loop start, earth calling, E&M, AC15. Digital signalling -CAS, robbed bits and E1 slot 16 signalling. Digital signalling CCS, Q.931, SS7, Q.SIG, DPNSS, DASS2. Transport planes PDH, PDH issues, SDH, SDH architecture, SDH standards, SDH bit rates, SDH mulitplexors, DWDM. Networks Circuit Switched Networks, TDM, Packet Switched Networks, Frame Relay, Message Switching, Circuit Switching, STDM, Cell Switching, ATM, ATM cells, ATM traffic parameters, ATM QoS, MPLS. Other network access Modems, modulation, speeds, ISDN, BRI, PRI, xDSL, SDSL, ADSL. Other Services Centrex, VPNs, FeatureNet, CTI, Call Processing Systems, Voice Mail, Automated Attendant Systems, Interactive Voice Response, Call Management Systems, Call Conferencing, Star Services. Mobile communications 3 types of wireless telephone, mobile generations, base stations, cells, GSM, GPRS, 3G, UMTS, WCDMA, 4G, LTE. VoIP overview What is VoIP, VoIP benefits, What is IP? The IP header, Packetising voice, VoIP addressing, H.323, SIP, RTP. Bandwidth requirements.