612 Courses in Nottingham

GPON and FTTx networks training course description Designed to benefit those requiring an in depth knowledge of the principles and applications of Ten Gigabit and Gigabit Passive Optical Networking and Fibre to the X in NG Networks applications and their associated equipment, its flexibility and function within a modern transmission network. Using an effective mix of 'hands on' equipment instruction and correlation to theory based learning the delegate will gain a complete understanding of the equipment and the tasks to be undertaken in a real life situation. What will you learn Compare PON/FTTx systems. Explain network elements and designs. Support applications and network interfaces. List circuit provisioning and bandwidth requirements. Understand upstream & downstream issues. Describe headend & network elements/OLT-ONT. Perform network testing with OTDR test sets. GPON and FTTx networks training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with GPON and FTTx. Prerequisites: Introduction to data communications and networking. Duration 5 days GPON and FTTx training course contents FTTN, FTTC, FTTH SMF, MMF, Fibre safety and properties (dispersion/attenuation), Fibre reel cables and types, Fibre installation and air blown fibre, Transmitters and receivers - power budget/laser classes. Fibre to the home (FTTH), FTTC (Fibre to the Cabinet), FTTN (Fibre to the node) , FTTD (Fibre to the desk), FFTH topologies and wavelengths, Active or passive optical network. WDM equipment and GPON OSP design Wavelength considerations, WDM/DWDM/CWDM, EDFA optical amplification, AWG (Arrayed Waveguide Grating) splitters , Couplers (splitters) and losses, Optical splitters 1x2, 1x4, 1x8, 1x16, 1x32, 1x64, 2x64. PON variants Gigabit passive optical network (GPON), Gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (GEPON), Time division PON (TDM-PON), Wave Division Multiplexing PON (WDM-PON), 1Gbps, 10Gbps, 40Ggps, 100Gbps FSAN (Full Service Access Network) NGA (Next Generation Access), Strategies for TDM-PON to WDM-PON migration, Architecture of NG-PON (hybrid WDM/TDM PON), Additional services than triple play. GEPON design GPON OSP centralized and distributed design, GPON PON splitters x4 x8 x32, Fibre splice trays /cassette trays & enclosures, GPON field testing and installation verification, GPON physical layer testing, Optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), Optical power source & meter, Optical return loss (ORL), APON/BPON/GPON/EPON comparisons. GPON ITU-T G.984.1 Reference model, terminology & architecture, Access network system management functions. ONT & OLT functional block examples. FTTx scenarios, 4 switching arrangements for external access network backup. GPON ITU-T G.984.2 Physical layer, Enhancement band, Bit rate and wavelengths, FEC and RAMAN. GPON ITU-T G.984.3 Frame structure, GPON encapsulation method (GEM), GTC adaptation and framing sublayer protocol stack, Status reporting & traffic monitoring DBA (SR-DBA & TM-DBA), Transmission container (T-CONT) types, Downstream & upstream multiplexing, GEM port identifier, Media access control and ONU registration, Extended bandwidth assignment model scheduling architecture, PLOAM & alarm messages, Downstream & Upstream FEC, Process order in a GTC transmit flow. GPON ITU-T G.984.4 and G.988 ONT management and control interface (OMCI) Management interface, Reference model, Typical ONT with SCTE 55-1 or SCTE 55-2 compliancy. GPON ITU-T G.984.5 enhancement band Band options, GPON NGA, Wavelength allocation. GPON ITU-T G.984.6 optical reach extension (G.984.re) Reach extension (RE), OA-based and OEO-based reach extenders, Protection, Reach extender with OTDR blocking filters (BF) and bypass (BYP) filters. GPON ITU-T G.984.7 long reach Quiet Window. 10-GPON ITU-T G.987.1 (XG-PON) Scenarios, reference access network architecture, XG-PON with G-PON through WDM1r, G-PON and XG-PON wavelength allocation, G-PON and XG-PON co-existence with video overlay option, RE migration scenarios. G.989 40Gbps XG-PON2 Functional reference architecture, NG-PON2 system coexistence with legacy systems, Definitions of legacy compatibility terminology. GPON issues and standards GPON components GPON OLT / GPON ONT, GPON management, Operational support systems (OSS), Network management systems (NMS), OMCI (ONT Management control interface), RG (Residential gateway), Data and prioritised voice channel product, GPON broadband-forum standards, Broadband-forum , TR-069 and TR-156, HPNA (home phone network alliance), Powerline carrier (PLC), GPON DLNI G.hn or G.9960, MOCA, FTTH council certification standard for network certification. Fibre-connected home badge, Ethernet in the first mile (EFM), GPON frame synchronization to network timing, Direct clock synchronization interface (BITS), Multiservice access platform (MSAP), Software planning tool, Superconnected cities / voucher scheme. Hands on practical assignments Single and multimode fibre recognition, Fibre Cleaning methods, Checking cleaning with an optical microscope, Optical light source and optical power meter referencing, PON splitter and fibre drum testing with an optical power meter, 6km classroom passive optical network testing with an OTDR at 1310/1550nm, Using decibels (dB's) and decibel milliwats (dBm's), Designing networks up to 20km long using vendor specifications (power budget), Fault finding with a visible fault locator.

Advanced HP switches training course description A hands on course covering advanced features of HP switches. The focus of the course is on Layer 3 switching advanced features. Delegates will benefit the most from this course if they can supply us with their own configurations before the course. These configurations can then be used by the trainer in the course. What will you learn Configure and troubleshoot HP layer 3 switching. Configure and troubleshoot OSPF Harden HP switches. Explain the majority of their own configurations (if configurations are supplied to us before the course). Advanced HP switches training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with HP switches. Prerequisites: HP switches for engineers. Duration 2 days Advanced HP switches training course content Introduction VLAN review. Tagged and untagged ports. MSTP, PVST, UDLD, BPDU guard. Hands on VLANs, diagnostic tools debug, LLDP, remote port mirroring. L3 switching What are L3 switches? L3 lite, IPv4 and IPv6, routing protocols, routing tables. IP address on VLAN, no ip address on VLAN, connected interfaces, RIP. Hands on Routing between VLANs. Configuring and troubleshooting RIP. VRRP Default gateways, dead router detection, resilience. Hands on Configuring and troubleshooting VRRP. Static routes Why use static routes? Configuring static routes, default routes. OSPF Link state protocols, operation. Router types, LSA types, area 0. Hands on Configuring and troubleshooting OSPF. QoS Layer 2 QoS, 802.1Q, priorities, dscp mapping, rate limiting. Access lists Filtering traffic through the switch, controlling access to the switch, enabling and disabling ACLs, standard ACLs, extended ACLs Security DHCP snooping, ARP protection, STP guards, switch hardening. Summary Walkthrough of delegate configurations.

4G training course description This course is designed to give the delegate an understanding of the technologies used within a 3G UMTS mobile network. During the course we will investigate the UMTS air interface and the use of Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) to facilitate high speed data access, together with HSPA to offer mobile broadband services. We will describe the use of soft handover rather than hard handover procedures and soft capacity sharing. The course includes a brief exploration of the UMTS protocol stack and the use of PDP Context and QoS support features. What will you learn Explain the 3G UMTS architecture. Describe the role of a Drifting & Serving RNC. Explain the use of ARQ & HARQ for mobile broadband. Describe how IMS integrates into the architecture. Describe the use of Media Gateway Controllers. Identify the temporary identities used within 3G UMTS. 4G training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working within the telecommunications area, especially within the mobile environment. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Telecommunications Introduction Duration 2 days 4G training course contents LTE Introduction The path to LTE, 3GPP. LTE to LTE advanced. LTE Architecture The core, Access, roaming. Protocols: User plane, Control plane. Example information flows. Bearer management. Spectrum allocation. LTE technologies Transmission, reception, OFDMA, multiple antenna, MIMO. LTE Air interface Air interface protocol stack. Channels, Resource Grid, cell acquisition. Up and downlink controls. Layer 2 protocols. Cell acquisition Power on, selecting networks and cells. RRC connection. Attach procedure. Mobility management Roaming, RRC_IDLE, RRC_CONNECTED, cell reselection, handover, interoperation with UMTS and GSM networks. Voice and text IMS, QoS, policy and charging.

Carrier Ethernet training course description Ethernet is now the interface of choice for nearly all networking. This comprehensive course looks at the ways carriers can provide this Ethernet interface for their WANs and MANs. The course assumes delegates already have a solid foundation in Ethernet switching and so concentrates on just the Ethernet technologies for Carrier Ethernet. What will you learn Describe the main Carrier Ethernet services. Evaluate transports for Carrier Ethernet. Explain how Ethernet can work over MPLS and SDH. Explain the Ethernet technologies used to enable Carrier Ethernet. Carrier Ethernet training course details Who will benefit: Network engineers. Staff working for carriers. Prerequisites: Definitive Ethernet switching for engineers. Duration 2 days Carrier Ethernet training course contents Introduction What is Ethernet? LANs, MANs, WANs, Ethernet and switches in the LAN. Traditional LAN/WAN integration, routers. The Ethernet interface for the WAN. Standards: IEEE, MEF, OIF, Ethernet Alliance. Carrier Ethernet Services E-line: EPL, EVPL. E-LAN: EP-LAN, EVP-LAN. E-Tree: EP-Tree, EVP-Tree. Ethernet Services attributes. Applications: Carrier Ethernet for businesses, Mobile backhaul. Multicasting. Service attributes Bandwidth profiles, bandwidth parameters, Class of Service, QoS, MTU, Protection mechanisms: STP, RSTP, MSTP, Link aggregation, G.8031, G.8032. Transporting Carrier Ethernet The main options. 'Pure' Ethernet, Ethernet over SDH, Ethernet over WDM, Ethernet over MPLS. Ethernet switching, addresses and MAC address tables. Carrier Ethernet access technologies. EFM. Ethernet over MPLS What is MPLS, MPLS-TE, MPLS-VPN, L2 VPNs, VPLS, VPWS. MPLS Fast Reroute. CET 'Pure' Ethernet, Provider bridging 802.1d, Provider Backbone Bridges 802.1ah. Traffic engineering 802.1Qay. Carrier Ethernet technologies 802.1ad VLAN stacking, 802.1AX Link aggregation. 802.1Q QoS. OAM Standards, layers, interworking

HP iMC for engineers training course description A hands on course focusing on network management using HP iMC on Microsoft Windows or UNIX. What will you learn Describe the network management architecture. Use HP NNMi. Diagnose faults using HP iMC. Recognise the MIB structure. HP iMC for engineers training course details Who will benefit: Network administrators. Network operators Those wishing to find out more about how their NMS works Anyone wishing to implement NFV using OpenStack. Prerequisites: Introduction to Virtualization Duration 2 day HP iMC for engineers training course content Network management What is network management? Benefits, issues. Getting started with HP iMC Starting HP iMC, IP discovery, IP monitoring, controlling IP discovery. Hands on Initial HP iMC configuration. Using HP iMC Viewing devices, Device view, IP view, network view, polling. Hands on Using HP iMC. Agents Configuring Cisco devices for SNMP support, communities, traps, syslog. Hands on Configuring network devices for HP iMC. Parts of SNMP SNMP architecture, MIBs, The protocol. HP iMC SNMP configuration. Hands on HP iMC SNMP configuration. MIBs The MIB2 groups, additional MIBs, MIB compilers, vendor MIBs. HP iMC MIB loader and browser. Hands on MIB browsing. Monitoring devices Polling, obtaining MIB information. Hands on HP iMC performance management. Configuration and change management Configuration templates, software library, configuration compare, configuration audit and reports. Hands on Using the configuration center. Reports Report templates, Real time reports, scheduling reports. Hands on Using real time reports. HP iMC fault management Alarms, polling, fault management, setting thresholds and configuring traps. Syslog. Hands on Working with alarms. Security alarms.

Network design training course description This course provides you with the knowledge needed to perform the design of a network infrastructure that supports desired network solutions to achieve effective performance, scalability, and availability. We recognise that the role of design does not normally require hands on skills but hands on sessions are used to reinforce the theory not to teach configuration or troubleshooting. What will you learn Create HA enterprise network designs. Develop optimum Layer 3 designs. Design effective modern WAN and data center networks. Develop effective migration approaches to IPv6. Create effective network security designs. Network design training course details Who will benefit: Anyone involved with network design. Prerequisites: TCP/IP Foundation for engineers Duration 5 days Network design training course contents Part I Reliable, resilient enterprise L2/3 network designOptimal Enterprise Campus Design:Enterprise campus design principles, hierarchy, modularity, flexibility, resiliency.EIGRP design:EIGRP Design, Should you use EIGRP?OSPF design: OSPF scalability designs, OSPF area design, OSPF Full-Mesh Design, OSPF Hub-and-Spoke Design, OSPF convergence design and optimization techniques. IS-IS Design:The protocol, IS-IS hierarchical architecture, IS-IS vs OSPF, IS-IS Deep Dive, IS-IS Design Considerations. BGP design:BGP overview, Designing Scalable iBGP Networks, BGP Route Reflector Design, Enhancing the Design of BGP Policies with BGP Communities, Case Study: Designing Enterprise wide BGP Policies Using BGP Communities, BGP Load-Sharing Design.Part II Enterprise IPv6 Design ConsiderationsIPv6 Design Considerations in the Enterprise: IPv6 Deployment and Design Considerations, Considerations for Migration to IPv6 Design, IPv6 Transition Mechanisms, Final Thoughts on IPv6 Transition Mechanisms. Challenges of the Transition to IPv6: IPv6 Services, Link Layer Security Considerations. Part III Modern Enterprise Wide-Area Networks DesignService Provider-Managed VPNs:Choosing Your WAN Connection, Layer 3 MPLS VPNs, Case Study: MPLS VPN Routing Propagation, Layer 2 MPLS VPN Services. Enterprise-Managed WANs: Enterprise-Managed VPNs, GRE, Multipoint GRE, Point-to-Point and Multipoint GRE, IPsec, IPsec and dynamic VTI, DMVPN, Case Study: EIGRP DMVPN, DMVPN and Redundancy, Case Study: MPLS/VPN over GRE/DMVPN, SSL VPN. Enterprise WAN Resiliency Design: WAN Remote-Site Overview, MPLS L3 WAN Design Models, Common L2 WAN Design Models, Common VPN WAN Design Models, 3G/4G VPN Design Models, Remote Site Using Local Internet, Remote-Site LAN, Case Study: Redundancy and Connectivity, NGWAN, SDWAN, and IWAN Solution Overview, IWAN Design Overview, Enterprise WAN and Access Management. Part IV Enterprise Data Center DesignsMultitier Data Center Designs: Case Study: Small Data Centers (Connecting Servers to an Enterprise LAN), Case Study: Two-Tier Data Center Network Architecture, Case Study: Three-Tier Data Center Network Architecture.Trends and Techniques to Design Modern Data Centers: The Need for a New Network Architecture, Limitations of Current Networking Technology, Modern Data Center Design Techniques and Architectures, Multitenant Data Center. SDN:SDN characteristics, How SDN addresses current Networking Limitations, SDN Architecture Components, SDN Network Virtualization overlays. Data Center Connections:Data Center Traffic Flows, The Need for DCI, IP Address Mobility, Case Study: Dark Fiber DCI, Pseudowire DCI. Part V Design QoS for Optimized User ExperienceQoS Overview:QoS Overview, IntServ versus DiffServ, Classification and Marking, Policers and Shapers, Policing Tools: Single-Rate Three-Color Marker, Policing Tools: TwoRate Three-Color Marker, Queuing Tools, Dropping Tools. QoS design principles and best practices: QoS overview, classification and marking design principles, policing and remarking design principles, queuing design principles, dropping design principles, Per-Hop behavior queue design principles, RFC 4594 QoS Recommendation, QoS Strategy Models. Campus QoS, WAN QoS, Data Center QoS.MPLS VPN QoS Design: The Need for QoS in MPLS VPN, Layer 2 Private WAN QoS Administration, Fully Meshed MPLS VPN QoS Administration, MPLS DiffServ Tunneling Modes, Sample MPLS VPN QoS Roles. IPsec VPN QoS Design: The Need for QoS in IPsec VPN, VPN Use Cases and Their QoS Models, IPsec Refresher, Encryption and Classification: Order of Operations, MTU Considerations, DMVPN QoS Considerations. Part VI IP Multicast DesignEnterprise IP Multicast Design: How Does IP Multicast Work? Multicast Protocols, Multicast Forwarding and RPF Check, Multicast Protocol Basics, PIM-SM Overview, Multicast Routing Table, Basic SSM Concepts, Bidirectional PIM. RP discovery, Anycast RP Features, MSDP. Part VII Designing Optimum Enterprise Network SecurityDesigning Security Services and Infrastructure Protection Network Security Zoning, Designing Infrastructure Protection.Designing firewall & IPS solutions: Firewall architectures, virtualized firewalls. Case Study: Application Tier separation, Case Study: Firewalls in a Data Center, Case Study: Firewall High Availability, IPS Architectures, Case Study: Secure Campus Edge Design (Internet and Extranet Connectivity). IP Multicast Security: Multicast Security Challenges, Multicast Network Security Considerations. Designing Network Access Control Solutions:IEEE 802.1X, EAP, 802.1X supplicants, 802.1X phased deployment, Case Study: Authorization Options. Part VIII Design scenariosDesign Case Studies: 1: Enterprise Connectivity, 2: Enterprise BGP with Internet Connectivity, 3: IPv6, 4: Data Center Connectivity, 5: Resilient Enterprise WAN, 6: Secure Enterprise Network, 7: QoS in the Enterprise Network.

IP CCTV training course description This hands on course covers the technologies used in IP CCTV systems. The focus is not on operating or cabling but more advanced configuration and troubleshooting. Hands on sessions are used to reinforce the theory rather than teach specific manufacturer equipment. What will you learn Install IP CCTV. Configure IP CCTV. Explain how IP CCTV protocols work. Troubleshoot IP CCTV. IP CCTV training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with IP CCTV. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days IP CCTV training course contents Introduction What is IP CCTV? Camera types, Video, Audio, two way audio, IP CCTV software. Hands on Installing IP CCTV. CCTV architecture Components, servers, storage, LANs, WANs. Centralised versus decentralised. Hands on Using IP CCTV. Ethernet What is Ethernet? Ethernet cabling, Inside versus outside, hubs, switches, PoE, VLANs. Hands on Ethernet connectivity. Wireless WiFi, other wireless solutions, 802.11, variations, frequencies, Access Points, bridges, repeaters. WEP, WPA, WPA2, Hands on WiFi Configuration Ways to configure, IP addresses, subnet mask, default gateway, DHCP, NAT, access from the Internet. Hands on CCTV configuration. How IP CCTV works TCP, UDP, IP, RTP, RTSP, SIP, PTZ, NTP, Wireshark. Port numbers. Hands on Using Wireshark to troubleshoot IP CCTV. Network issues with IP CCTV Bandwidth, video resolution, compressions, codecs, frame rates, audio. QoS. One way versus two way traffic. Hands on Analysing CCTV traffic. Security VPNs, Firewalls. Hands on CCTV through a firewall. Troubleshooting ping, tracert, arp, ipconfig, pathping, tracert. Cable issues, switch issues, WiFi issues.CCTV issues. Hands on CCTV troubleshooting. Miscellaneous Design issues, multicasting, gateways. DVR technology. Calculating storage requirements.

About this training course The aim of this exclusive 5-days training course is to raise an intermediate level to your knowledge and understanding of international E&P finance and accounting. This is achieved by in-depth examination of international practices and current developments across a broad range of relevant topics. You are encouraged to challenge existing methods as a basis for reviewing procedures and introducing improvements in your own work place. Training Objectives After the completion of this training course, participants will be able to: Enhance your comprehension of accounting and reporting issues unique to the E&P industry with emphasis on the application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Improve your understanding of the accounting and reporting of Sales Revenue, Farm In/Farm Out, and Carried Interest Enhance your knowledge of Production Sharing Contracts and Joint Venture Accounting issues including Unitisation & Redetermination Advance your knowledge of the Corporate Budget and Planning process including a review of Key Performance Indicators and Company Strategy Raise your awareness of the E&P business activity for which we are accounting and reporting Target Audience We recommend that, to derive maximum benefit from this course, you should first attend our predecessor Level 1 course. Otherwise, this course is suitable for personnel with a good foundation knowledge in exploration and production accounting. Course Level Intermediate Training Methods The training instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught in their own organization. Course Duration: 5 days in total (35 hours). Training Schedule 0830 - Registration 0900 - Start of training 1030 - Morning Break 1045 - Training recommences 1230 - Lunch Break 1330 - Training recommences 1515 - Evening break 1530 - Training recommences 1700 - End of Training The maximum number of participants allowed for this training course is 25. This course is also available through our Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) format. Trainer Your expert course leader has more than 30 years of experience in the international oil and gas industry, covering all areas of Finance and Audit, including involvement in Commercial roles. During her 19 years with ENI she worked in Italy, Netherlands, Egypt and UK and was CFO for 2 major ENI subsidiaries. She has delivered training courses in Accounting, Audit, Economics and Commercial topics in many Countries. She has a Degree in Economics & Accounting and is a Certified Chartered Accountant. She is also a Chartered Auditor and an International Petroleum Negotiator. Outside of work, she is inspired by the beauty of nature and art, helping disadvantaged people, sports (football, golf) and her cat. Courses Delivered Internationally: E&P Accounting, Auditing in the Oil & Gas Industry Cost Control & Budgeting Introduction to the Oil & Gas Industry Petroleum Project Economics Contracts Strategy International O&G Exploitation Contracts POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Total GPRS training course description GPRS is a packet switched access mode for GSM systems, which will enable more efficient use of the radio resources leading to increased data speeds and capacity. It is an important migration step toward 3G networks. This course provides a detailed analysis of the workings and implications of GPRS. What will you learn Explain what GPRS is. Describe the GPRS protocol stack. Describe the GPRS architecture Total GPRS training course details Who will benefit: Anyone who needs to know more about GPRS. Prerequisites: Total GSM Duration 2 days Total GPRS training course contents GPRS network architecture Review of GSM architecture, the new network entities required for GPRS. How the existing GSM network entities needs to be upgraded. How GPRS roaming will work. How intra and inter PLMNs work together. How billing works in the GPRS network. IP over GPRS Brief review of IP, IP stack over GPRS, IP addressing in GPRS, DHCP, GPRS configuration for IP. IP packet flows. WAP and GPRS. GPRS interfaces Messaging scenarios used over the GPRS Gb, Gs and Gp Interfaces. How the handset performs a GPRS attach and detach. GPRS roaming and how it works. Links used between GPRS Roaming Exchanges (GRX). GPRS terminal attach message flow in the NSS, PDP context message flow in the NSS, GPRS paging message flow, GPRS terminal detach message flow. GPRS protocol stack The components of the protocol stack. How each component works. How encapsulated packets are sent. How each component links to the next component. GPRS air interface The new GPRS channels required. How the new channels work. How to map GPRS logical channels onto physical channels. How they enable session activation. The difference between master PDCHs and slave PDCHs. GPRS terminals The 3 classes of terminal available. How the handset performs a GPRS attach and detach.

Broadband access training course description ADSL is a broadband technology providing fast Internet access (amongst other applications) over existing telephone lines. This course covers an overview of the DSL family, what ADSL is through to how ADSL works. What will you learn Describe what ADSL is. Describe how ADSL works. Describe the ADSL architecture. Recognise the limitations of ADSL. List the elements required for an ADSL installation. Broadband access training course details Who will benefit: Network engineers and anyone who will be working with ADSL. Prerequisites: Intro to data communications & networking Duration 2 days Broadband access training course contents What is ADSL? Broadband definitions, OSI layer 1, ADSL services, WANS. ADSL features: always on, point to point, Asymmetric, speeds. ADSL benefits, xDSL family, standards, history, example DSL forum documents. ADSL architecture The big picture, The PSTN and telephones, Digital and analogue, PSTN and modems, ADSL vs. modem speeds, Block 1: Customer premises, Block 2: The last mile, Block 3: The exchange, Block 4: the core network. Customer premises Splitters, micro filters, splitter architectures, Splitterless ADSL, ADSL modems, USB, ADSL routers. The local loop ADSL PHY, Some basics, ADSL margins, speed implications, distances, RADSL, Line testing, whoosh tests, line coding, multiple channels, FDM, echo cancellation, Modulation: AM, FM, PM, QAM, QAM constellations, DMT, CAP, Framing, Superframes, fast data mode, interleaved mode, RADSL revisited. The exchange Local exchange ADSL items, DSLAMs, ADSL racks, Contention. The core network The role of the core network, ATM, ATM VPI/VCI, ATM cells, ATM layers, AAL5, RAS, Home gateways. ADSL and the higher layers Layer 2 choices, PPPoA, PPP, CHAP, Layer 4 and above, ADSL and ATM. Installing and configuring ADSL Choosing providers, line activation, hardware requirements, Configuring layer 1 and layer 2, Configuring IP. Summary ITU ADSL standards