1166 Courses in Liverpool

NPORS Cat And Genny Training or Cable Avoidance Training Prioritising the safety of underground utilities in construction and excavation projects is essential, necessitating comprehensive Cat and Genny training. In these sessions, workers receive education on operating Cable Avoidance Tools (CAT) and Signal Generators (Genny), Cat and Genny. The Cat and Genny use electromagnetic signals to detect buried cables and pipes before digging commences. Through comprehensive Cat and Genny training, workers become proficient in using CAT and Genny equipment, enabling them to accurately map out the locations of underground infrastructure. This proactive approach not only enhances on-site safety but also contributes to efficient project management by minimising the risk of accidental damage and costly delays. The aim of the NPORS Cat & Genny Training is to Provide training in Cable Avoidance and Service Location (Cat and Genny).The Cat and Genny Course is designed for any person working on the roads, setting out before a build, surveying and any others who may be excavating an area where pipes or cables may be buried underground. Price Match Promise Book with Confidence at Vally Plant Training At Vally Plant Training, we guarantee unbeatable value with our Price Match Promise. When you choose us for your Cat and Genny Course, you can book with confidence, knowing that we will not be beaten on price. If you find a lower price for the same NPORS Cat And Genny Course, we’ll match it—ensuring you receive top-quality training at the best possible rate. Your skills, our commitment—always at the best price. CAT & GENNY Training is designed for construction professionals and workers involved in excavation who need to operate Cable Avoidance Tools and Signal Generators. This training is ideal for individuals who have prior experience in excavation but require formal instruction on the safe and effective use of these specific tools to prevent accidental damage to underground services. Participants should have a basic understanding of excavation work, and if unsure of their eligibility for this advanced training, are encouraged to contact our training coordinators for more information. The CAT & GENNY training program is divided into two main sections: a theoretical module and a practical application module. The theory part covers the principles of operation, safety procedures, and risk assessment associated with underground utility detection. The practical module provides hands-on experience with both the Cable Avoidance Tool and Signal Generator, emphasising field techniques and problem-solving. Upon completion of the Cat And Genny course, participants will receive comprehensive revision materials to reinforce key concepts covered during the training. Introduction to CAT and Genny Training CAT and Genny , also referred to as CAT & Genny or CAT and Genny Training, are essential tools used in the construction and utility sectors to help locate and avoid underground cables and pipes during excavation works. CAT, which stands for Cable Avoidance Tool, is designed to detect signals naturally emitted by metallic services like electrical cables. Meanwhile, the Genny, short for Signal Generator, is used alongside the CAT to apply a signal to underground utilities that do not naturally emit detectable signals, such as telecoms or fibre . Understanding how to operate these tools is crucial for anyone involved in excavation. Proper use of CAT and Genny can prevent costly and dangerous errors, such as accidentally cutting through power lines or water pipes. The training not only focuses on how to use these devices effectively but also covers the best practices for scanning different types of terrain and interpreting the signals received. This ensures that workers can conduct their tasks safely and efficiently, minimising the risk of disruption and damage to underground services. What Is CAT and Genny Training? CAT and Genny Training provides comprehensive instruction on using Cable Avoidance Tools (CAT) and Signal Generators (Genny) to locate underground utilities safely. This training is critical to reduce the risk of accidentally striking underground assets during excavation, which can lead to severe safety hazards and financial losses. What Does Our CAT and Genny Training Course Cover? Our CAT and Genny Training Course covers: Basics of operating CAT and Genny equipment: Understanding the device controls, functions, and proper handling. Detection techniques: Learning how to detect different types of services, including electric, gas, and water. Practical applications: Hands-on training with both simulated and live environments to practice safe scanning and detection. Safety protocols: Emphasising safety procedures to prevent injuries and accidents. Legal compliance: Overview of health and safety regulations related to excavation work. Who Needs CAT and Genny Training? CAT and Genny Training is essential for anyone involved in excavation and groundworks. This includes utility workers, construction workers, civil engineers, site managers, and anyone else who may need to locate underground utilities as part of their job. The Cat And Genny Course is crucial for preventing damage to underground infrastructure like gas, water, telecoms and electrical lines, which can result in costly repairs and dangerous accidents. Do You Need to Be Trained to Use a CAT Scanner? Yes, training is highly recommended to use a CAT scanner effectively and safely. While not legally mandatory, proper training ensures that operators can accurately interpret the scanner’s signals and avoid potential hazards when working near underground utilities. Specialised Genny Tool Training Course Overview: The Genny Course is designed specifically to train users on the effective operation of the Genny tool, a crucial component of the CAT and Genny system used for detecting underground utilities. Key Learning Outcomes: → Understanding Genny Signals: Participants will learn how different signals can be applied and traced using the Genny, improving their ability to detect non-metallic utilities such as plastic water pipes. → Optimising Signal Strength: Training includes adjusting the Genny’s signal strength to suit various soil conditions and utility types, ensuring clearer and more accurate detections. Practical Applications: → Hands-on Practice: Extensive field practice sessions are included to give participants real-world experience in using the Genny effectively. →Troubleshooting Common Issues: Learners will be taught how to troubleshoot common operational issues to minimise downtime and enhance field productivity. Advanced Techniques: → Using Genny with CAT4: Instructions on how to integrate Genny use with the CAT4 detector for enhanced detection capabilities. → Interpreting and Mapping: Skills in interpreting the Genny’s output and using integrated mapping tools for accurate utility mapping. Safety Protocols: → Safe Operation Practices: Emphasis on safety measures to prevent accidents during the use of high-frequency signals. → Maintenance and Daily Checks: Training on regular maintenance routines and daily checks to keep the Genny in optimal working condition. Certification: → Qualification and Certification: Upon completion of the course, participants receive a certification that validates their proficiency in using the Genny tool according to industry standards. Scanning Techniques with CAT and Genny General Scanning Techniques: → Sweeping Motion: Always use a slow, steady sweeping motion with the CAT device. Begin scanning at least a few meters away from the expected area of the utilities to avoid missing any signals. → Directional Scans: Perform scans in multiple directions — both parallel and perpendicular to the expected direction of the utility lines to ensure thorough coverage. → Depth Perception: Adjust the depth settings based on preliminary scans to get an accurate depth estimate of buried utilities. Specific Use of Genny: → Direct Connection: When available, use the direct connection method with the Genny to induce a precise signal into a specific utility line. This is particularly useful in crowded areas with multiple utility lines. → Induction Mode: Use the Genny’s induction mode when direct connections are not possible. Ensure the Genny is placed on the ground vertically for optimal signal transmission. How to Use the CAT and Genny to Find Hidden Wires and Pipes Getting Ready: Check the Tools: Make sure the CAT and Genny are ready to use and have full batteries. Set Up the Genny: Pick the right sound for the Genny to use so it can find wires or pipes under the ground. If you can, connect the Genny to the pipe or wire with a special wire. Using the Genny: Stand it on the Ground: Put the Genny on the ground where you think there might be something hidden. Turn it on to send a beep into the ground. Connect it for Better Finding: Sometimes, you connect the Genny to something like a pipe for a clearer beep. Using the CAT: Start with Power Mode: Turn on the CAT and use the power mode to find beeps from wires that are on. Try Radio Mode: Next, switch to radio mode to hear beeps from metal things like pipes. Finally, Use Genny Signal Mode: Use this mode to hear the special beeps from your Genny to find hidden stuff like plastic pipes. How to Look Properly: Move Slowly: Walk slowly with the CAT over the area. If you move too fast, you might miss some beeps. Check in a Cross Pattern: First walk in one direction and then the other direction to make sure you cover all the area. Understanding What You Hear: Listen to the Beeps: A loud beep means you are close to a wire or pipe. If the beep sounds the same as you move, it probably means you found a wire or pipe. Staying Safe: Look Before You Dig: Always check by looking in the hole to make sure what the CAT and Genny found before you start digging. Keep the Tools Working Well: Make sure your tools are working right by checking them often. 500 mm from utilities; Always use insulated digging tools when close to underground utilities Frequently Asked Questions On Cat & Genny Training What is CAT and Genny training? CAT and Genny training provides instruction on how to use Cable Avoidance Tools (CAT) and Signal Generators (Genny) effectively to detect underground utilities and avoid accidental strikes during excavation. The training covers operational techniques, safety procedures, and the correct interpretation of the equipment’s signals. Why is CAT and Genny training important for construction workers? This Cat And Genny Course is crucial for safety and efficiency on construction sites. It helps workers avoid costly damages to underground utilities such as water pipes, electricity cables, and communication lines, which can lead to severe consequences including service outages, legal liabilities, and endangerment of worker and public safety. 3. How Long Is the Certification Valid? The certification received after completing CAT and Genny Training is generally valid for three to five years. After this period, a refresher course is recommended to keep up with new technologies and changing safety regulations. 4. Is CAT and Genny training required by law in the UK? While not specifically mandated by law, CAT and Genny training is strongly recommended under the UK Health and Safety Executive guidelines (HSE) to meet the legal duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act. It is considered best practice for anyone involved in excavation works. Cat & Genny Training Available 7 days a week to suit your business requirements. VPT have a team of friendly and approachable instructors, who have a wealth of knowledge of cable avoidance and the construction industry We have our own training centre conveniently located close to the M5 junction 9, In Tewkesbury. With its own purpose-built practical training area to simulate an actual working environment for the cat & genny course. Our Cable Avoidance training and test packages are priced to be competitive. Discounts are available for multiple bookings We can send a fully qualified NPORS cat & genny Tester to your site nationwide, to reduce the amount of time away from work Our more courses: Polish your abilities with our dedicated Lift Supervision Training, Slinger Signaller Training, Telehandler Training, Cat & Genny Training, Plant Loader Securer, Ride-On Road Roller, Abrasive Wheel Training, Lorry Loader Training and Scissor Lift Training sessions. Learn the safe and effective operation of these vital machines, crucial for construction and maintenance tasks. Elevate your skills and career prospects by enrolling in our comprehensive courses today.

This foundational course will help all managers to better understand what a supply chain is and how their roles impact and interact with, their end-to-end supply chain process. PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN HOW TO: • Understand the role of the supply chain within the wider business context • Become aware of the fundamental trade-offs in the supply chain (e.g. supply chain cost vs service level, efficiency vs flexibility etc.) • Understand the importance of supply chain planning and be able to identify its key components • Develop awareness of the key challenges in modern inventory management and distribution; become familiar with tested practices that allow responding to these challenges • Understand the meaning of essential supply chain terminology • Understand how supply chain performance affects company financial results COURSE TOPICS INCLUDE: • What is supply chain management? Why is it important? • The importance of cost versus service • Purchasing and procurement • Manufacturing processes • Demand management • Warehouse and inventory management • Logistics and transport • Risk management

This workshop will help you improve the impact, clarity, accuracy and effectiveness of your sales proposals. It takes bid and proposal teams right through the process, from start to finish - from forming the team and gathering the information, through to writing and reviewing the proposal document, and on to presenting it to the client. The learning points shared in the programme come from the trainer's extensive real-world experience with a wide variety of businesses. As a result of attending this programme, participants will be able to: Write more clearly, more grammatically and more persuasively Structure their written communications more effectively Avoid the 'howlers' that can cost you business Impress your clients Win more business 1 Bid strategy How to combine your knowledge of the market or customer, your products and services, and your competitors, to create a quality bid New insights into your comparative advantages and competitive position in the marketplace Understanding more about how your client views you and other suppliers A plan of attack to build on your strengths and attack the weaknesses of your competition Dealing with RFP/ITT situations 2 Teamwork How a bid or proposal team needs to prioritise and manage preparation time Co-ordinating input from team members Agreeing responsibilities 3 The importance and role of a well-written sales proposal Why bother? - the value of the sales proposal to you and to the customer What the customer wants and needs to make a decision in your favour Understanding and delivering on customer expectations Review and discussion of different proposals - with real-life examples 4 The best way to structure your sales proposals A section-by-section, page-by-page review of best practice in structuring great sales proposals How to improve the way you match your proposal to the customer's objectives and requirements Plan your sales documents systematically - to make them easy to read and more persuasive How to make your proposal look like the 'least risky' option 5 Making your proposal a compelling and persuasive proposition Choosing the right words that sell effectively Selecting the right content and information for your document or proposal Using an option matrix to summarise complex choices and increase final order value How to write an executive summary 6 Well-written and error-free Developing your writing style for maximum impact Expressing the content (ie, selling points) clearly, concisely and correctly Proof-reading and editing work effectively, using formal marks and techniques Improving visual layout, format and appearance Keeping it customer-focused 7 Presenting to the client - overview Presentation options Understanding the client's objectives - as well as your own The proposal review meeting - logistics Managing to the next step Designing and delivering a compelling presentation Isolating objections and concerns Follow-up and follow-through 8 Positioning your final proposal Finalising your bid - presenting the right 'best few' USPs, features and benefits and making them relevant and real to the customer Smart ways to position price and be a strong player - without being the cheapest How to differentiate yourselves by how you present, as well as what you present How to design and deliver a successful bid presentation 9 Bid presentation practice session with structured feedback Participants work in small groups or pairs to prepare and later present a sample section from a real life bid or proposal presentation The trainer will provide assistance and input During group review and discussions, input from others will be encouraged and many best practice ideas summarised 10 Managing the end game How best to draw-out, understand, isolate and answer customer objections, negotiate points and concerns How to read the situation to plan the next step Identifying negotiation tactics - and how to deal with them Planning for a negotiation and how to get the customer feel they have the 'best deal' 11 Workshop summary and close

Understanding cultural differences in the global sales environment is critical to your salespeople’s success. Developing their intercultural communication skills and knowledge of the sales and negotiation techniques of different cultures and nationalities, will help them to ensure relationships are as effective and rewarding as possible. Bespoke courses include: The impact of language and cultural differences on the sales environment Communication techniques in international sales Effective sales questions A global mindset Culture and its impact on sales Delivering on different cultural expectations Perceptions of time across cultures and the impact on sales cycles and timelines

This intensive course equips senior management with the knowledge and skills to develop a logistics strategy that will consistently support business objectives. PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN HOW TO: Understand the concept of integrated logistics. Critically analyse and evaluate logistics operations. Apply solutions to problems in line with global best practices. Devise and operate effective performance measures. Learn how to create performance improvement plans. Understand how to support inbound and outbound logistic activities. COURSE TOPICS INCLUDE: Mission, strategy and policies for logistics Costs of non-performance and poor performance Logistics planning Land, air and marine transport services Materials storage, preservation and handling Waste management services HSSE policies Sustainable logistics and transport Risk management in logistics Management controls Performance measurement Sustainability

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This foundational course will help all managers better understand what a procurement function does, including the processes, tools and techniques it employs to reach its goals and how it measures its business performance. PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN HOW TO: Explain the contribution of procurement to the overall business objectives. Explain the added value that can be obtained by a business when it manages its procurement activities efficiently and effectively. Understand the complex activity of procurement and the challenges it presents for risk management. Develop good quality procurement practices that will manage the expectations of all stakeholders Identify methods by which a procurement function can be measured and performance monitored. Perform contract management activities. Understand ways in which improvements might be identified and implemented. COURSE TOPICS INCLUDE: Procurement and business objectives Stakeholder Management Commercial Specifications Whole Life Costing Targeted procurement Procurement planning Supplier Appraisal and selection RFQ & ITT & Evaluation Contract Management

Our self-leadership and executive development programme can be fully ITA SDS funded supporting leaders and business owners and creating a growth plan. SDS INDIVIDUAL TRAINING ACCOUNTS (ITA) Rely On Our Team for Your Executive Development The Power Within Training offers unrivalled executive development training for go-getters and self-starters throughout England and Scotland. Did you know that approximately 55% of people making their living in sales don’t have the right skills to be successful? Good sales skills are some of the rarest and most sought-after skills in the workforce. Whether you’re running a business, looking to progress further in your career or want to sharpen your skills before returning to work, our self-leadership training will help you develop the skills you need to succeed. After completing our executive development training, you’ll have a sales mindset and the skills to secure your ideal role, perform better, and utilise high-payoff action-planning techniques. Don’t hesitate to contact us to learn more information. OUR TRAINING SOLUTIONS What is Self-Leadership Executive Training? Self-Leadership Development Our self-leadership development course was designed to give you total control of your career, business, and professional life. Most professionals will spend more than 80% of their time at work or in business. We’ve structured our executive training to help those looking to enhance their career prospects or business success by taking advantage of our unique Motivational Intelligence seven steps to success framework. The seven-step success system will take you through a journey of self-discovery, self-awareness, and self-development, which enables you to understand the barriers and self-limiting obstacles that have been holding you back. The Power Within’s self-leadership training will guide you through overcoming these barriers and eliminating them from your life. If you are looking to stand out from the crowd and build a career or business you can be proud of, then this live classroom-based programme is definitely for you. Benefits of Self-Leadership Development The self-leadership training has been designed from the ground up to inspire, guide, and develop you into not only achieving your goals but being able to measure success in your career, help you find your dream job, and help make an immediate impact in everything you do. Completing our executive leadership development course will allow you to utilise emotional intelligence to get the best of your team while focusing on clear values and principles that increase your overall success and profitability. Working on your self-leadership skills will grant you greater insight into the factors hindering or impacting your success while giving you the tools to make decisions and get into action. Here are some additional benefits of our self-leadership training: Build Awareness – When you’re a leader, you must inspire and motivate people to achieve and go after the bigger picture for your organisation. You’ll need an effective and flexible leadership style to ensure your team succeeds. We’ll help you discover your leadership style and how you can use it effectively to the advantage of your business. Increase Team Engagement, Motivation, and Accountability – How can you expect your team to behave if you’re no longer motivated to succeed? The Power Within will give you the tools to keep striving toward success while ensuring your business is focused and motivated. Cultivating a High-Performance Culture – The right high-performance culture installs peak performance into every team member. Through our executive development, you’ll be able to help each reach their targets while they look for ways to improve constantly. Develop Strategic Skills – We’ll help you develop leadership skills and self-improvement goals, allowing you to introduce changes to your business based on your guiding visions while encouraging others to share the same vision. If you are looking to stand out from the crowd and build a career or business you can be proud of, then this live classroom-based programme is definitely for you. What Are the Key Skills Learned from Executive Development Training One of the first sets of vital skills for self-leadership you’ll learn is the ability to stop, step back, and reflect on the things that trigger us to react. When we react, we’re being controlled by the trigger. Another skill we’ll help instill is to consider intention. Intention is important to us, such as our values and what we’re trying to achieve. When you become intentional, you start to live a life of choice. Self-leadership and executive development are a journey. The more self-leadership we attain, the more successful we’ll become. The more successful we become, the more self-leadership we need. Here are some additional critical skills you’ll learn from our self-leadership training: Self-Awareness – It’s vital to hone your ability to see yourself as clearly as you are. This skill takes dedication, introspection, and mindfulness. Also, a dose of self-awareness helps with self-control, self-confidence, and feelings of validation. Overall, you should be open to critique and accountability. Goal Setting – A good self-leader must be proactive in not only identifying their goals but how to reach those goals in a manageable manner. Our executive development training will teach you how to break down a larger goal into more attainable steps to avoid burnout while helping you celebrate smaller milestones. Self-Motivation – A classic way to handle self-motivation is to divide long-term goals into smaller, more attainable ones. This optimization means recognising what about the goal that appeals to you, then forming a strategy that aligns with your strengths and values toward that goal. Constructive Thought Patterns – Through our leadership skills and self-improvement course, you’ll be able to review your performance and assess your intentions and effectiveness while providing an opportunity to ensure your strategies are geared towards success. This is done by focusing on improving strengths and the mental imagery of yourself that recognizes your capacity to grow, develop, and change. Self-leadership training teaches you to see yourself as having the ability to create, improvise, innovate, and adapt. OUR LIVE WORKSHOPS ARE BACK What’s Covered in Our Executive Development? Self-Leadership "It's a mindset thing" When you undergo our self-leadership training, you’ll experience several modules designed to allow your conscious and subconscious belief systems to work together for a predetermined goal or set of outcomes. Self-leadership is one skill that will significantly impact your career, team, and even your life’s happiness. Our executive leadership development course promotes bold and powerful decisions to get you back into the driver’s seat of your life and make the best of each day by setting goals, shifting your mindset, and finding your purpose. During each module, we’ll work with you and help you design and deliver your team leadership programmes catered to your team and your business dynamic. Our goal is to allow you to evolve into a bigger and better leader. Here are some of the modules in our self-leadership training: Unleash Your True Potential Create Your Personalised 7-Step Success Framework Peak Performance and Self-Mastery Growth Mindset and Mindset Performance The Power of Feedback Taking Back Control of Your Personal & Professional Journey Goal Setting & Defining If you are looking to stand out from the crowd and build a career or business you can be proud of, then this live classroom-based programme is definitely for you. Discover Who’s Leading Our Self-Leadership Training James Fleming, the co-creator of The Power Within, will lead your self-leadership training. James founded The Power Within with his wife, Enas Fleming. They wanted to inspire people around the world to think better, be better and achieve more. James believes that everyone can be whatever they set their minds to. Founding The Power Within allowed James to turn that deep knowledge into a business that helps others think bigger, better, and achieve more daily. He strives to give leaders the tools and knowledge to achieve their full potential while increasing their self-confidence and self-belief through Motivational Intelligence Revolution. James wants to support today’s businesses to become tomorrow’s leaders. Course Overview Our self-leadership development course is a quick-paced training that is between eight and twelve hours in length. After you attend the face-to-face workshops, you’ll be given access to our online self-leadership training portal. This allows you to continue your journey of self-development by ensuring you’ll always have a system and process to fall back on when you need it. One of the best parts of our executive development course is that you receive this information fully funded. Even if you aren’t eligible for funding, you can still invest in this course and begin a new chapter of professional development for yourself. Elevate yourself if any of our eligibility requirements apply and you early less than 22,000 a year.

Overview 2 day course on key interest rate derivative products, covering both theory (product mechanics, market conventions and valuation) and practice (wide range of applications for wide range of market participants showcased) Who the course is for Interest rate traders, salespeople and quants Asset-liability management staff with banks and insurance companies Fixed income and credit asset managers / hedge funds / pension funds / insurance companies Corporate treasurers Risk management Anyone using interest rate derivatives Course Content To learn more about the day by day course content please request a brochure To learn more about schedule, pricing & delivery options, book a meeting with a course specialist now

High quality specifications are of paramount importance in achieving the right technical performance and value for money. This long-established training programme has been developed to help those involved in producing specifications to create high quality documents in an organised and effective way. It provides a sound foundation for those new to the topic whilst at the same time offering new insights to those with more experience. The programme emphasises the need for a clear definition of requirements combined with the ability to communicate those requirements effectively to third parties. A structured method of preparing specifications is provided, and a range of practical techniques is presented, to enable participants to put the principles into practice. The commercial and contractual role of specifications is also addressed. The objectives of the workshop are to: Provide a clear understanding of the role and purpose of specifications Present a framework for organising and producing specifications Define the key steps involved in creating effective specifications Demonstrate methods for assisting in defining requirements Provide tools and techniques for scoping and structuring specifications Show the role of specifications in managing variations and changes to scope Present methods to assist the writing and editing of specifications Review how specifications should be issued and controlled DAY ONE 1 Introduction Review of course objectives Review of participants' needs and objectives 2 Creating effective specifications The role of specifications in communicating requirements The costs, benefits and qualities of effective specifications Understanding the differences between verbal and written communication The five key steps of 'POWER' writing: prepare-organise-write-edit-release Exercise: qualities of an effective specification 3 Step 1: Preparing to write - defining readership and purpose; the specification and the contract Designing the specifications required; applying BS 7373 Defining the purpose, readership and title of each document Effective procedures for writing, issuing and controlling specifications The roles and responsibilities of the key players Understanding contracts; the contractual role of the specification Integrating and balancing the technical and commercial requirements Writing specifications to achieve the appropriate contract risk strategy Deciding how to specify: when to use functional and technical specifications The role of specifications in managing variations and changes to scope 4 Case study 1 Teams review a typical project scenario and identify the implications for the specification Feedback and discussion 5 Step 2: Organising the specification content Defining the need and establishing user requirements Deciding what issues the specification should cover Scoping techniques: scope maps, check lists, structured brainstorming Clarifying priorities: separating needs and desires Dealing with requirements that are difficult to quantify Useful techniques: cost benefit analysis, QFD, Pareto analysis 6 Case study 2 Teams apply the scoping techniques to develop the outline contents for a specification Feedback and discussion DAY TWO 7 Step 2: Organising the specification content (cont) Deciding what goes where; typical contents and layout for a specification The three main segments: introductory, key and supporting Creating and using model forms: the sections and sub-sections Detailed contents of each sub-section Tools and techniques for outlining and structuring specifications 8 Case study 3 Teams develop the detailed specification contents using a model form Feedback and discussion 9 Step 3: Writing the specification The challenges of written communication Identifying and understanding the readers needs Choosing and using the right words; dealing with jargon Problem words; will, shall, must, etc; building a glossary Using sentence structure and punctuation to best effect Understanding the impact of style, format and appearance Avoiding common causes of ambiguity Being concise and ensuring clarity Choosing and using graphics to best effect Exercises and examples 10 Step 4: Editing the specification Why editing is difficult; how to develop a personal editing strategy Key areas to review: structure, content, accuracy, clarity, style and grammar Editing tools and techniques 11 Step 5: Releasing and controlling the specification Key requirements for document issue and control Final formatting and publication issues; document approval Requirements management: managing revisions and changes 12 Course review and action planning What actions should be implemented to improve specifications? Conclusion