288 Courses in Leeds

Blue CSCS Card NVQ Level 2 Craft This qualification provides you with the opportunity to showcase their knowledge, skills and understanding in their chosen craft. You will have the relevant experience in one of the trade specific areas. You will work in one of the following areas: Trowel Occupations (Bricklayer) Building Maintenance Painting and Decorating Wall and Floor Tiling Stone Masonry Wood Occupations (site Carpentry) Plastering Roofing Induction - As soon as you register you will be given a dedicated assessor. They will arrange an induction and together with your assessor, you will get to decide on the pathway which best proves your competency. The induction is used to plan out how you will gather the relevant evidence to complete the course. During the course - The assessor will work with you to build a portfolio of evidence that allows you to showcase your knowledge, skills and experience. The assessor will also regularly review and provide you with feedback. This will allow you to keep on track to progress quickly. You will be assessed through various methods such as observations, written questions, evidence generated from the workplace, professional discussion, and witness testimonials. On completion - Once all feedback has been agreed, the Internal Quality Assurer will review your portfolio and in agreement with your assessor the certificate will be applied for. To download our PDF for this course then please click here.

About this training course This 5 full-day course provides a comprehensive understanding of all the commissioning and start-up activities of all electrical equipment including transformers, switchgear, induction and synchronous motors, generators and auxiliaries. All commissioning activities are covered in detail in this course. This includes all the commissioning procedures and documents, purpose of commissioning, responsibilities, system description, documentation, testing and commissioning schedules, test reports, safety, certification, and plant completion report. The course provides also a thorough understanding of all the commissioning requirements for transformers, switchgear, induction and synchronous motors and, generator and auxiliaries including its switchgear equipment, switchgear, and transformers. All the stages of the commissioning procedure are covered in-depth in this course. This includes preparation - planning various activities, pre-commissioning checks and tests, typical commissioning schedule, detailed tests and commissioning procedures for every type of transformers, switchgear, induction and synchronous motors, and generators and auxiliary systems, instrumentation, trial run of the equipment, safety and precautions, commissioning of electrical systems, Safety Rules Clearance Certificates, procedure for the control and handling of defects, Commissioning Reports. This course is a MUST for anyone who is involved in the pre-commissioning or commissioning of any electrical equipment because it provides detailed pre-commissioning checks and tests and detailed tests and commissioning procedures for every electrical equipment. In addition, the course provides in-depth coverage of all preparation, planning activities, commissioning schedules, trial run of each electrical equipment, safety and precautions, Safety Rules Clearance Certificates, Procedures for handling defects, and Commissioning Reports. Training Objectives Pre-Commissioning Checks and Tests, Detailed Tests and Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for all Electrical Equipment: Gain a thorough understanding of all pre-commissioning checks and tests, and all commissioning procedures and instructions for all electrical equipment Commissioning Procedures, Documents, and Certification of Electrical Equipment: Discover the benefits of the Commissioning Management System of electrical equipment including all commissioning procedures and documents, purpose of commissioning, responsibilities, system description, documentation, testing and commissioning schedules, test reports, safety, equipment certification, and commissioning completion report Commissioning Procedures for Transformers: Learn about the commissioning procedures for transformers including functional checks, pre-commissioning tests, commissioning tests, and records. Commissioning Procedures for Switchgear Assemblies: Gain a thorough understanding of all the commissioning procedures for switchgear assemblies including substation commissioning, electrical testing, code requirements, safety rules, grounding and shorting, high power testing, NETA acceptance testing procedures, test values analysis, and commissioning forms Commissioning Procedures for Generator and Auxiliaries: Discover all the commissioning procedures for generator and auxiliaries including generator, seal oil system, hydrogen gas system, stator water system, rolling and payment of generator Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for Generator Electrical Equipment: Learn about all the commissioning procedures and instructions for generator electrical equipment including switchyard equipment, switchgear, transformers, and motors Code Requirements for Commissioning Electrical Equipment and Systems: Learn about the code requirements for commissioning transformers, switchgear, inductions and synchronous motors, and generators and auxiliaries Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods Your specialist course leader relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HANDBOOK' published by McGraw-Hill in 2003 (600 pages) ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMMISSIONING MANUAL (includes practical information about all pre-commissioning checks and tests, typical commissioning schedule, detailed tests and commissioning procedures and instructions for all electrical equipment - 500 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

About this training course This 5 full-day course provides a comprehensive understanding of all the commissioning and start-up activities of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler coal power plants. The Commissioning Management System of CFB boiler coal power plants is covered in detail in this course. This includes all the commissioning procedures and documents, purpose of commissioning, responsibilities, system description, organization, working parties, test teams, documentation, testing and commissioning schedules, test reports, safety, plant certification, and plant completion report. The course provides also a thorough understanding of all the commissioning requirements for CFB boiler and auxiliaries, turbines and auxiliaries, generator and auxiliaries, electrical equipment, switchgear equipment, switchgear, and transformers. All the stages of the commissioning procedure are covered in-depth in this course. This includes preparation - planning various activities, pre-commissioning checks and tests, typical commissioning schedule, detailed tests and commissioning procedures and instructions for every component in a coal power plant, instrumentation, trial run of the equipment, safety and precautions, commissioning of CFB boiler coal power plant systems, Safety Rules Clearance Certificates, procedure for the control and handling of defects, Commissioning Reports. This course is a MUST for anyone who is involved in the pre-commissioning or commissioning of any CFB boiler coal power plant equipment because it provides detailed pre-commissioning checks and detailed tests and commissioning procedures and instructions for every component in a CFB boiler coal power plant. In addition, the course provides in-depth coverage of all preparation, planning activities, commissioning schedules, trial run of each CFB boiler coal power plant equipment, safety and precautions, Safety Rules Clearance Certificates, Procedures for handling defects, and Commissioning Reports. Training Objectives Pre-Commissioning Checks and Tests, Detailed Tests and Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for Every Equipment in CFB Boiler Coal Power Plants: Gain a thorough understanding of all pre-commissioning checks and tests, and all commissioning procedures and instructions for every equipment in CFB boiler coal power plants Commissioning Management System of CFB Boiler Coal Power Plants: Discover the benefits of the Commissioning Management System of CFB boiler coal power plants including all commissioning procedures and documents, purpose of commissioning, responsibilities, system description, organization, working parties, test teams, documentation, testing and commissioning schedules, test reports, safety, plant certification, and plant completion report Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for CFB Boiler and Auxiliaries in Coal Power Plants: Learn about the commissioning procedures and instructions for CFB boiler and auxiliaries including all commissioning activities, typical commissioning schedule, hydraulic test and wet preservation, air and gas tightness test, trial run of equipment, electronic precipitators, fuel oil system, preparation for first light up, alkali boil - out, acid cleaning and passivation, thermal flow test of economizer, water walls, and superheater, valves, steam boiling, and safety valve setting Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for Turbine and Auxiliaries: Gain a thorough understanding of all the commissioning procedures and instructions for turbine and auxiliaries including acid cleaning of oil pipelines, lubrication and governing system (oil flushing and hydraulic testing), jacking oil system, governing system, regenerative system, barring gear, vacuum tightness test, first rolling of turbine and data logging Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for Generator and Auxiliaries: Discover all the commissioning procedures and instructions for generator and auxiliaries including generator, seal oil system, hydrogen gas system, stator water system, rolling and payment of generator Commissioning Procedures and Instructions for Electrical Equipment: Learn about all the commissioning procedures and instructions for electrical equipment including switchyard equipment, switchgear, transformers, and motors CFB Boiler Coal Power Plant Equipment and Systems: Learn about various CFB boiler coal power plant equipment and systems including: CFB boilers, superheaters, reheaters, steam turbines, governing systems, deaerators, feedwater heaters, coal-handling equipment, transformers, generators and auxiliaries Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Training Methods Your specialist course leader relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'POWER GENERATION HANDBOOK' second edition published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages) Excerpt of the relevant chapters from the 'POWER PLANT EQUIPMENT OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDE' published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages) CFB BOILER COAL POWER PLANT COMMISSIONING MANUAL (includes practical information about all pre-commissioning checks and tests, typical commissioning schedule, detailed tests and commissioning procedures and instructions for every component and system in CFB boiler coal power plants - 400 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Blue CSCS Card Level 2 NVQ Diploma in Construction Operations and Civil Engineering Services - Roadbuilding This qualification provides you with the opportunity to showcase their knowledge, skills and understanding in their chosen within the Civil Engineering and Highways Sector. You will have the relevant experience at least one of the 14 specific specialisms. You will work in one of the following areas: Pathway 1: Bituminous Paving - Machine Pathway 2: Concrete Paving - Machine Pathway 3: Slurry/Micro Surfacing - Machine Pathway 4: Slurry/Micro Surfacing - Manual Pathway 5: Surface Dressing - Machine Pathway 6: High Friction Surfacing - Machine Pathway 7: High Friction Surfacing - Manual Pathway 8: Planing - Machine Pathway 9: Road Recycling - Machine Pathway 10: Soil Stabilisation - Machine Pathway 11: Surface Retexturing - Machine Pathway 12: Pavement Marking - Machine Pathway 13 Pavement Marking - Manual operations Pathway 14: Pavement Marking - Road Studs Induction - As soon as you register you will be given a dedicated assessor. They will arrange an induction and together with your assessor, you will get to decide on the pathway which best proves your competency. The induction is used to plan out how you will gather the relevant evidence to complete the course. During the course - The assessor will work with you to build a portfolio of evidence that allows you to showcase your knowledge, skills and experience. The assessor will also regularly review and provide you with feedback. This will allow you to keep on track to progress quickly. You will be assessed through various methods such as observations, written questions, evidence generated from the workplace, professional discussion, and witness testimonials. On completion - Once all feedback has been agreed, the Internal Quality Assurer will review your portfolio and in agreement with your assessor the certificate will be applied for. To download our PDF for this course then please click here.

Our 2 day course will enable students to attain the knowledge and practical competencies needed to deal with a range of first aid situations when looking after children. For more information click on the tabs below, or get in touch, we’d be more than happy to answer any queries. At Immerse Training we pride ourselves on offering First Aid and Pre-Hospital Care Training that meets your specific needs. All our courses meet the requirements of the relevant awarding body. On top of that, we are more than happy to create bespoke elements that tailor each programme to suit your first aid or care responsibilities. Qualification Information This qualification and learning outcomes are based on the recommendations of: The Resuscitation Council (UK) Skills for Health Assessment Principles for First Aid Qualifications Course Content Following this course students will be able to Understand the role and responsibilities of a paediatric first aider. Be able to administer first aid to an infant and a child with head, neck or back injury. Assess an emergency situation safely. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant with conditions affecting the eyes, ears and nose. Be able to provide first aid for an infant and a child who is unresponsive and breathing normally. Understand how to administer emergency first aid to an infant and a child with an acute medical condition or sudden illness. Be able to provide first aid for an infant and a child who is unresponsive and not breathing normally. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant and a child who is experiencing the effects of extreme heat and cold. Be able to provide first aid for an infant and a child who is choking. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant and a child who has sustained an electric shock. Be able to provide first aid to an infant and a child with external bleeding. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant and a child with burns or scalds. Be able to provide first aid to an infant and a child who is suffering from shock. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant and a child who has been poisoned. Understand how to administer first aid to an infant and a child with bites, stings and minor injuries. Understand how to provide first aid to an infant or child with anaphylaxis. Who should attend? This qualification is for people who have a specific responsibility at work, or in voluntary and community activities, to provide first aid to children (including babies) when dealing with: An emergency situation. Chronic or sudden paediatric illness. Paediatric injury. Pre-requisites Students must be at least 16 years old on the first day of training. Assessment and Certifications Assessment of this course is continuous and also includes 2 theory/multiple choice question papers. Successful students will receive an Immerse Training Certificate, which is valid for three years. This certificate will be issued by Qualsafe, the awarding body for Immerse Training. Additional Information Completion of the Level 3 Award in Paediatric First Aid at Work includes 2 credits at Level 2 of the Qualification Credit Framework (QCF). Paediatric First Aid Courses First Aid courses for individuals and workplaces who provide care to or work with children and young people. Our paediatric courses are fully accredited, registered and meet Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and OFSTED guidelines. From 1 day Emergency Paediatric First Aid to day Paediatric First Aid courses. We specialise in on-site courses at your workplace, tailored to the specific risks associated with your business. All courses can be delivered at our training centre in Poole, Dorset or we can deliver on-site across Bournemouth, Poole, Dorset, Hampshire and the South of England.

MASTERCLASS 8 CPD POINTS 1 DAY INTENSIVE COURSE  ONLINE or IN-CLINIC NOTE! After booking we will contact you for scheduling the exact course date! Courses dates are subject to change due to mentors availability. We will inform you via email if a date becomes available! Nose Job Masterclass You will perform this procedure on live models under the supervision and guidance of highly experienced aesthetic practitioners. You will be trained under ENT specialist. We will give you all the knowledge you need for a safe technique in your practice. A certification of training will be provided upon completion of the course. Practice will enable you to learn in 1-day ONE-TO-ONE Training You will also have the opportunity to view a mesotherapy treatment demonstration at the conclusion of the training. Upon successful completion of the course, you will receive a certificate and title of Mesotherapy Certified Practitioner. You need to be medically qualified as a doctor, dentist, nurse, pharmacist or paramedic with full governing body registration and have completed a Foundation Filler Course and to have administered a number of cases. Additional information ATTENDANCE ONLINE (Theory), IN CLINIC (Practice) COURSE LEVEL EXPERT | Masterclass Course

Our classroom training provides you the opportunity to interact with instructors and benefit from face-to-face instruction. For more queries, reach out to us: info@mangates.com

This course is for holders of a current First Aid at Work qualification which is due to expire.

Apache training course description A hands on training course covering installation, configuration and management of the Apache web server. What will you learn Install Apache. Configure Apache. Manage Apache. Build static and dynamic web sites with Apache. Secure Apache. Apache training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with Apache. Prerequisites: TCP/IP foundation for engineers. UNIX fundamentals Duration 3 days Apache training course contents Installing Apache What is Apache? Apache versions, history, downloading Apache, source distribution, compilation, binary distribution, installation, platform considerations. Hands on Downloading and installing Apache. Controlling the Apache server Running Apache, automatic Apache start, starting, stopping, restarting Apache. Checking Apache status. Hands on Server control. Configuration Serving webpages, setting the document root, applying configuration changes, Configuration files, httpd.conf, syntax, directives, modules, utilities, turning features on/off. Hands on basic Apache configuration. More configuration MIME, URL mapping, content negotiation, indexing, performance tuning. Logging log file content, configuration, log file locations, error logging, browser errors, error page configuration, forbidden index pages. Hands on Log files. Security File permissions, .htaccess, protecting files with passwords, password files, authentication, restricting access by IP address. Secure HTTP HTTPS, installing mod_ssl, certificates, configuring mod_ssl, http and https coexistence Virtual hosts Multiple sites on one server, separate configuration files, IP based, name based, port based, virtual host names, enabling, defining, configuring, aliases, testing, https virtual hosts. Hands on Virtual hosts. Dynamic sites Dynamic sites, CGI, PHP, PERL, CGI programs, example CGI scripts, Apache and CGI, CGI parameters, CGI issues, PHP, mod_php, Perl and Apache, mod_perl, installing mod_perl. Hands on CGI, PHP and Perl with Apache. Modules What are modules, standard modules, loading modules, mod_speling, mod_rewrite, other special purpose modules, URL rewriting, redirection, URL transformation, browser dependent pages. Hands on Working with modules.

Definitive VPNs training course description A hands on course covering VPNs from the basics of benefits and Internet vs. Intranet VPNs through to detailed analysis of the technologies involved in VPNs. All the major VPN protocols are covered including PPPoE, L2TP, SSL, IPsec and dynamic VPNs. MPLS L3 VPNs are also covered. What will you learn Describe what a VPN is and explain the difference between different VPN types. Recognise the design and implementation issues involved in implementing a VPN. Explain how the various technologies involved in a VPN work. Describe and implement: L2TP, IPsec, SSL, MPLS L3 VPNs. Evaluate VPN technologies. Definitive VPNs training course details Who will benefit: Network personnel. Prerequisites: IP Security foundation for engineers. Duration 3 days Definitive VPNs training course contents VPN overview What is a VPN? What is an IP VPN? VPNs vs. Private Data Networks, Internet VPNs, Intranet VPNs, Remote access VPNs, Site to site VPNs, VPN benefits and disadvantages. VPN Tunnelling VPN components, VPN tunnels, tunnel sources, tunnel end points, hardware based VPNs, Firewall based VPNs, software based VPNs, tunnelling topologies, tunnelling protocols, which tunnelling protocol should you use? requirements of tunnels. VPN security components Critical VPN security requirements, Encryption and authentication, Diffie Hellman, DES, 3DES, RSA, PKI, Ca server types, pre shared keys versus certificates, Enrolling with a CA, RADIUS in VPNs. PPP Encapsulation, operation, authentication. Hands on Setting up PPPoE and analysing PPP packets. PPTP Overview, Components, How it works, control and data connections, GRE. Hands on Building a PPTP VPN. L2TP Overview, components, how it works, security, packet authentication, L2TP/IPSec, L2TP/PPP, Layer 2 versus layer 3 tunnelling. Hands on Implementing a L2TP tunnel. IPSec AH, HMAC, ESP, transport and tunnel modes, Security Association, use of encryption and authentication algorithms, manual vs automated key exchange, NAT and other issues. Hands on Implementing an IPSec VPN. Intranet VPNs Headers, architecture, label switching, LDP, MPLS VPNs. VPN products and services PE and CPE, management, various VPN products. VPN issues and architectures VPN architectures: terminate VPN before/on/ after/in parallel with firewall, resilience issues, VRRP, performance issues, QoS and VPNs. documentation.