1769 Courses in Belfast

Mastering effective feedback is crucial for empowering others but can be damaging if not delivered thoughtfully. This course equips mangers and leaders with tools to deliver sensitive, factual, and specific feedback for positive outcomes. It also guides them in soliciting feedback, processing it constructively, and fostering a growth mindset for continuous improvement. This course is available to book for delivery in-house for your organisation and people exclusively, for either a half or full days training workshop. Prices are dependent on size of group ranging from a minimum of 4 to a maximum of 12 delegates. If you have a smaller number of delegates the Puritas 1:1 Leadership Coaching Programme is recommended.

Advanced HP switches training course description A hands on course covering advanced features of HP switches. The focus of the course is on Layer 3 switching advanced features. Delegates will benefit the most from this course if they can supply us with their own configurations before the course. These configurations can then be used by the trainer in the course. What will you learn Configure and troubleshoot HP layer 3 switching. Configure and troubleshoot OSPF Harden HP switches. Explain the majority of their own configurations (if configurations are supplied to us before the course). Advanced HP switches training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with HP switches. Prerequisites: HP switches for engineers. Duration 2 days Advanced HP switches training course content Introduction VLAN review. Tagged and untagged ports. MSTP, PVST, UDLD, BPDU guard. Hands on VLANs, diagnostic tools debug, LLDP, remote port mirroring. L3 switching What are L3 switches? L3 lite, IPv4 and IPv6, routing protocols, routing tables. IP address on VLAN, no ip address on VLAN, connected interfaces, RIP. Hands on Routing between VLANs. Configuring and troubleshooting RIP. VRRP Default gateways, dead router detection, resilience. Hands on Configuring and troubleshooting VRRP. Static routes Why use static routes? Configuring static routes, default routes. OSPF Link state protocols, operation. Router types, LSA types, area 0. Hands on Configuring and troubleshooting OSPF. QoS Layer 2 QoS, 802.1Q, priorities, dscp mapping, rate limiting. Access lists Filtering traffic through the switch, controlling access to the switch, enabling and disabling ACLs, standard ACLs, extended ACLs Security DHCP snooping, ARP protection, STP guards, switch hardening. Summary Walkthrough of delegate configurations.

About this training Mature fields differ from green field developments in that major infrastructure is in place, static reservoir data has accumulated from development drilling and a growing volume of production and processing performance data has become available. Decisions therefore relate to incremental projects, which may be small in scope and are often economically marginal. A firm understanding of the technical fundamentals associated with reservoir, wells and surface facilities is therefore required to make quality decisions in this environment, supported by realistic uncertainty ranges, and consistent application of incremental project economics and risk analysis. Various strategies may be considered to manage the mature asset, from harvest to divest, and the selected incremental activities should support a clear chosen strategy. Training Objectives Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to: Characterize the overall challenges associated with mature field developments Evaluate critical insights from subsurface data and apply this to modelling options and recovery methods Assess associated well data, typical late life issues and drilling and completion options for mature developments Manage the role of risk and uncertainty when making mature field development planning decisions Prepare a strategy and implementation plan Target Audience The course is intended for individuals who play a part in evaluating, screening and maturing oil and gas field development opportunities. The following personnel will benefit from the knowledge shared in this course: Petroleum engineers Geoscientist Facilities engineers Commercial staffs Reservoir engineer Production engineer Drilling engineer Project manager Asset manager Field engineer Exploration manager Course Level Basic or Foundation Trainer Your expert course leader, boasts nearly four decades of experience in the upstream oil & gas industry. He began his career in the back in 1982, spending 13 years with Shell International across several global locations. During his tenure, he served primarily as a reservoir engineer, contributing to exploration prospect evaluation, field development planning, corporate business planning, and drilling operations. Throughout his career, he has executed a diverse range of reservoir engineering projects for multiple UK and international firms, and has successfully led several PE study teams. Furthermore, he has continuously provided reservoir engineering and commercial training to oil company staff on a national and international scale. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

About this training course This 5 full-day course will provide a comprehensive understanding of the design of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers. The design of all CFB boiler components and equipment including furnace, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, loop seals, expansion joints, refractory, and L-valves will be covered in detail. All potential operating problems and major operating problems, corrective actions and maintenance required for CFB boilers will be covered thoroughly. This course will focus on designing CFB boilers that have the highest efficiency, and maximum longevity and capacity factor. All the common problems encountered in CFB Boilers will be discussed in detail.This includes thermally induced failures, anchor system induced failures, water walls tube failures, NMEJ damages, clinker formation, refractory damages, APH tube chock-up, erosion and corrosion. The solutions to each of these problems will be presented. All repair and refurbishment methods, preventive and predictive maintenance required for CFB boilers will be covered in-depth. Several studies have confirmed that CFB boilers are the best method for power generation.This is due to their fuel flexibility, and lowest electricity cost among all types of boilers. This technology is in great demand due to various other advantages such as lower emissions as compared to other types of boilers and has a carbon footprint well below the norms laid down by the World Bank emission requirements. This course is a MUST for anyone who is involved in the design, operation or maintenance of circulating fluidized bed boilers, because it covers how these boilers are designed and provides guidelines and rules that ensure the CFB boilers have great performance. This course will also provide up-dated information in respect to the design of supercritical once-through CFB boilers and ultra supercritical CFB boilers. Training Objectives Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Design: Gain a thorough understanding of the best design methods of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: Components and Systems: Learn all the techniques used to design CFB boiler equipment and systems including furnace, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, loop seals, expansion joints, refractory, and L-valves. Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler to Achieve Highest Efficiency, and Best Performance and Economics: Gain a thorough understanding of all the methods used to design CFB boilers having the highest efficiency, longevity and capacity factor as well as best economics. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Equipment: Learn about various equipment of circulating fluidized bed boilers including: furnaces, cyclones, economizers, superheaters, reheaters, ammonia injection systems, electrostatic precipitators, polishing dry scrubbers, fuel and sorbent feeding systems, bottom ash handling and extraction systems and materials. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Environmental Emissions: Learn about the monitoring and control of environmental emissions from circulating fluidized boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Instrumentation and Control Systems: Learn about the latest instrumentation and control systems of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Reliability and Testing: Increase your knowledge of predictive and preventive maintenance, reliability and testing of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Selection and Applications: Gain a detailed understanding of the selection considerations and applications of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Maintenance: Learn all the maintenance activities required for circulating fluidized bed boilers, to minimize their operating cost and maximize their efficiency, reliability, and longevity. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Refurbishment, and Life Extension Methods: Learn about life cycle cost, profitability, refurbishment, and life extension methods for all types of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Commissioning: Understand all the commissioning requirements of circulating fluidized bed boilers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Codes and Standards: Learn all the codes and standards applicable for circulating fluidized bed boilers. Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Training Methods Your specialist course leader relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'POWER GENERATION HANDBOOK' published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 (800 pages) Design of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler manual (600 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

XSLT training course description This course has been designed as a follow on course for the XML primer course. The course looks at the use of XSLT in the transforming and styling XML documents. What will you learn Transform and style XML documents using XSLT. XSLT training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with XSLT. Prerequisites: XML primer Duration 2 days XSLT training course contents Introduction Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), transforming and formatting XML. XML refresher The basic rules for building an XML document. An introduction to XSLT The basic concepts of XSLT, xsl:output, xsl:template, xsl:value-of. XML documents as trees How the original XML is transformed into a set of nodes, the general terms for manipulating node trees. Paths (XPath) Use of path matching to select required nodes for transformation. Using templates xsl:apply-templates, xsl:template match, nested templates, xsl:copy , <comment> and <element> , default templates, parameters. Control xsl:if, xsl:choose, xsl:for-each, xsl:sort. Constructing the result tree xsl:output, xsl:attribute, xsl:attribute-set, xsl:comment, xsl:processing-instruction, xsl:text, xsl:value-of, xsl:variable. Combining templates xsl:include, xsl:import, xsl:apply-imports. Transforming to text

About this Training Course This is an advanced chemistry training course for power plant chemists and boiler engineers wishing to expand their knowledge and skills, and to become more effective in their day-to-day roles dealing with thermal power plant chemistry. This 5 full-day course will provide ample opportunity for robust technical discussion and expand on advanced concepts in thermal power plant cycle chemistry. It focuses only on the steam/water aspects of the thermal power cycle. This course is a MUST for all power plant chemists and boiler engineers. It is also beneficial for anyone involved in power plant operation and maintenance because it provides guidelines and rules for improving power plant performance and reliability. Training Objectives Gain a significant increase in understanding of cycle chemistry in steam power plants and the inter-relationships between plant operation, cycle chemistry and potential failure modes due to corrosion and/or deposition throughout the cycle Gain a thorough understanding of all causes of corrosion in a steam power plant and all the methods used to reduce the corrosion rate in a steam power plant Become better equipped to effectively manage the corrosion and deposition risks in a thermal power plant Learn how to reduce failure rate in boilers and steam power plants and improve plant performance Understand condensate polishing and treatment of condensate return to industrial boilers Discover the causes of boiler water contamination and treatment programs Learn about layup and offline corrosion protection Understand water chemistry limits to prevent steam contamination by carryover Learn about boiler water chemistry guidelines and control of steam chemistry Understand high-purity make-up treatment methods Perform demineralizer calculations Perform system design calculations Gain a thorough understanding of mixed bed polishing and reverse osmosis Target Audience Power Plant Chemists Boiler Engineers Engineers involved in the operation and maintenance of power plants Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals (this seminar is suitable for individuals who do not have a background in chemical engineering) Course Level Advanced Training Methods Your specialist course leader relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'POWER GENERATION HANDBOOK' second edition, published by McGraw-Hill in 2012 in New York (800 pages) Water Chemistry for Thermal Power Plant Chemists and Boiler Engineers Manual (650 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

SNMPc training course description A hands on course providing a solid foundation on network management using SolarWinds. The course specifically focusses on SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor. The course starts with configuring agents and device discovery, onto exploiting SNMP with SolarWinds and then Alerts, reports and customisation of menus, views and maps. What will you learn Discover devices using Solarwinds. Use Solarwinds. Poll and monitor devices using Solarwinds. Create Alarms and reports. Diagnose faults using Solarwinds. SNMPc training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with Solarwinds. Prerequisites: None. Duration 2 days SNMPc training course content Getting started with SNMPc Manual discovery, automatic discovery, controlling IP discovery, mapping network devices. Hands on Using SNMPc. Agents Configuring Cisco devices for SNMP support, communities, traps, syslog. MIBs. Hands on Device discovery. Adding devices. Customising maps. Using SNMPc Polling, obtaining MIB information, MIB walking. Compiling MIBs. Hands on Monitoring devices. Groups. MIB walking. SNMP traps. Alarms Events and alarms, thresholds, event actions. Hands on Automatic alarms. Reports Creating reports, trend reports, customising reports. Hands on Performance reports. Graphs. Administration Users, customised views, backups, the database. Hands on Adding a user. Backups.

An inspiring manager has the ability to motivate and develop team members' skills which is crucial for overall company performance and employee engagement. A key aspect of this is to support and encourage each team member to reach their full potential. Effective 1:1 meetings build confidence and provide direction, allowing individuals to find their own solutions and strategies. This approach empowers employees, fostering personal responsibility and increased performance. This course is available to book for delivery in-house for your organisation and people exclusively, for either a half or full days training workshop. Prices are dependent on size of group ranging from a minimum of 4 to a maximum of 12 delegates and duration of course selection. If you have a smaller number of delegates, the Puritas 1:1 Leadership Coaching Programme is recommended.

About this training course Transmission lines and sub-stations are essential components in the electrical power systems. Proper design and maintenance are crucial for transmission lines to maintain a continuous operation. The objective of this 5-day training course is to deal appropriately with control systems, design characteristics and electric & magnetic fields. Participants will gain a better understanding on the corona and gap discharge phenomena, constructional features, and optimization of the transmission lines. Training Objectives By participating in this course, you will be able to: Understand transmission line design and its application Examine different types of conductors and electrical characteristics Explore basic and general transmission line parameters Prevent overvoltage through insulation design Determine surge impedance and corona effects Calculate and measure electric and magnetic fields Comprehend the impact of audible noise and electromagnetic interference Identify interference within the transmission line systems Target Audience The course will greatly benefit the following groups but not limited to: Electrical Engineers Civil Engineers Transmission & Distribution Engineers Substation Operators Safety Engineers Reliability Engineers Facility & Plant Engineers Technical Engineers Design Engineers Plant Supervisors Electrical Contractors Course Level Basic or Foundation Intermediate Training Methods The training instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all participants gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught in their own organization. Course Duration: 5 days in total (35 hours). Training Schedule 0830 - Registration 0900 - Start of training 1030 - Morning Break 1045 - Training recommences 1230 - Lunch Break 1330 - Training recommences 1515 - Evening break 1530 - Training recommences 1700 - End of Training The maximum number of participants allowed for this training course is 25. This course is also available through our Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) format. Trainer Your expert course leader is a professional engineer with extensive experience in power system studies, substation design field-testing, and EHS programs settings for Mining and Electrical Utilities sectors. He was formally the Engineering Manager at GE Canada in Ontario. He received his M.Sc. in electrical engineering from the University of New Brunswick and his MBA from Laurier School of Business in Waterloo. He has managed and executed more than 150 engineering projects on substation design EMF audits and power system studies and analyses, EMF audits and grounding audits, for major electrical utilities, mines, oil and gas, data centers, industrial and commercial facilities in Canada and the U.S. He is a certified professional engineer in the provinces of Ontario and Alberta. He has various IEEE publications, has served as a technical reviewer for many IEEE journals in power systems and control systems, and is the chair of the Industry Application Chapter (IAS) for IEEE Toronto Section. He remains a very active member for the IEEE substation committee of IEEE Std. 81 ground testing (WGE6) and IEEE Std. 80 ground design (WGD7). A certified electrical safety trainer by GE Corporate and a Canadian Standard Association (CSA) committee member at the mining advisory panel for electrical safety, he also taught many technical courses all over Canada to industrial customers, electrical consultants as well as to electrical utilities customers. Highlighted Projects: Various Power System Studies for 345/230 kV Stations - Nova Scotia Power (EMERA) RF audits for Telecom tower and antennas - Cogeco/Rogers Mobile Power System analysis - Powell Canada Structural/Geotechnical Design and upgrades - Oakville Hydro Underground Cables testing and sizing - Plan Group Relay programming and design optimization - Cenovus Canada Different Arc Flash Analysis and BESS Design - SNC Lavalin Environmental site assessment (ESA) Phase I/II for multiple stations - Ontario Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) assessment for Toronto LRT expansion - MOSAIC Battery energy storage system (BESS) installation at City of London - Siemens Canada EMF audits for 500 kV Transmission Lines - Hydro One EMF audits for 500 kV Transmission Lines - Hydro Quebec AC interference for 138 kV line modeling and mitigations - HBMS Mine POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

Total H.248 training course description A course focusing purely on the H.248 protocol. Anyone working through the ITU standards documents can testify to the need of a training course to explain how H.248 really works. This course already assumes knowledge of other VoIP protocols and starts by positioning H.248 in relation to the other protocols. The course then looks at H.248 architectures and concepts before analysing H.248 messages and call flows. What will you learn Describe what H.248 is Recognise where H.248 fits in relation to other VoIP protocols. Explain how H.248 works. Analyse H.248 packets Total H.248 training course details Who will benefit: Technical staff working with H.248 Prerequisites: Voice Over IP. Duration 2 days Total H.248 training course contents What is H.248? Review of VoIP protocols: RTP, RTCP, SIP, SDP, H.323. The PSTN and SS7. Where H.248 fits into the picture. H.248 history. MGCP. The IETF. Megaco. ITU standards. H.248v1, v2, v3. H.248 architectures Media Gateways, Media Gateway Controllers, Gateway Control functions, Signalling Gateways. Reference architectures: IMS/TISPAN: IBCF, IWF, I-BGF, SPDF. MSF: S-SBG-NC, D-SBG-NC. GSMA: IPX Proxy. Softswitches. H.248 concepts The connection model, terminations, streams, contexts. Termination properties: descriptors, context properties. Events, signals, packages. H.248 messages Protocol stack, UDP, TCP. Message structure. Transactions, actions, commands. Requests, replies, acknowledgements. Sample message flows. Binary encoding, ASN syntax, Text encoding. H.248 commands Termination manipulation: Add, Subtract, Move, Modify. Event reporting: Notify. Management: AuditCapability, AuditValue, ServiceChange. H.248 Descriptors What are descriptors? Relationship with messages and commands. Basic descriptors, Descriptors composed of other descriptors. The 19 descriptors. Defaults. H.248 Transactions Groups of commands, transaction Ids, relationship with actions and commands. Requests and replies. H.248 wrap up What is a package? Basic packages. H.248 security. H.248 - SIP interoperation. H.248 interoperation with other protocols.