Description: Every big organisation in the world conducts audits to check up on day to day business. It is not about mistrusting others it is about seeking ways to improve. Now with the help of this Internal Audit Skills Training Course you can learn to conduct your own internal audits. This course will help you understand the different types of audit and the levels of auditing available. Following that you will learn about internal audit, audit checklist, conducting audits, corrective action and its importance, and conducting audit closing meetings. All of these will help you understand audits and are good reasons for you to get this course. Learning Outcomes: Explain the different types of audits and the levels of auditing available. Know the qualifications of auditors and the preparation that they need to conduct an audit. Understand the basics steps in an audit and how auditors gather information and evidence. Develop open-ended questions which will help in audit interviews. Understand the essential aspects of an audit checklist. Develop an audit checklist based on EMS procedures. Prepare for an audit. Use an Internal Audit Noncompliance and Corrective Action Report to record non-conformances. Understand the corrective action process and its importance in closing out non-conformances. Gain experience in conducting audit closing meeting. Assessment: At the end of the course, you will be required to sit for an online MCQ test. Your test will be assessed automatically and immediately. You will instantly know whether you have been successful or not. Before sitting for your final exam you will have the opportunity to test your proficiency with a mock exam. Certification: After completing and passing the course successfully, you will be able to obtain an Accredited Certificate of Achievement. Certificates can be obtained either in hard copy at a cost of £39 or in PDF format at a cost of £24. Who is this Course for? Internal Audit Skills Training Course is certified by CPD Qualifications Standards and CiQ . This makes it perfect for anyone trying to learn potential professional skills. As there is no experience and qualification required for this course, it is available for all students from any academic background. Requirements Our Internal Audit Skills Training Course is fully compatible with any kind of device. Whether you are using Windows computer, Mac, smartphones or tablets, you will get the same experience while learning. Besides that, you will be able to access the course with any kind of internet connection from anywhere at any time without any kind of limitation. Career Path After completing this course you will be able to build up accurate knowledge and skills with proper confidence to enrich yourself and brighten up your career in the relevant job market. Course Overview 00:15:00 Auditing 00:15:00 Internal Audit 00:30:00 The Audit 00:15:00 Audit Checklist 00:15:00 Conducting an Audit 00:15:00 Noncompliance and Corrective Action 00:15:00 Audit Closing 00:05:00 Refer A Friend Refer A Friend 00:00:00 Mock Exam Mock Exam- Internal Audit Skills Training Course 00:20:00 Final Exam Final Exam- Internal Audit Skills Training Course 00:20:00 Certificate and Transcript Order Your Certificates and Transcripts 00:00:00
Overview of Mental Health First Aid In an era where mental health awareness is paramount, the Mental Health First Aid & Wellbeing Training course emerges as a beacon of hope. This comprehensive program equips individuals with the knowledge and skills to navigate the intricate landscape of mental health, empowering them to become agents of change in their communities. With an estimated 1 in 4 people in the UK experiencing a mental health issue each year, the demand for mental health first aiders has never been greater. This Mental Health First Aid & Wellbeing Training course offers a unique opportunity to unlock the doors to a rewarding career path where compassion and understanding pave the way for a brighter future. This Mental Health First Aid course covers the following topics: Understand mental health and its impact on individuals. Learn how to provide initial mental health support. Identify signs and symptoms of childhood psychiatric disorders. Recognise and respond to anxiety and stress disorders. Develop knowledge about schizophrenia and personality disorders. Gain insight into mood, eating, and sleeping disorders. Details Perks of Learning with IOMH One-To-One Support from a Dedicated Tutor Throughout Your Course. Study Online — Whenever and Wherever You Want. Instant Digital/ PDF Certificate. 100% Money Back Guarantee. 12 Months Access. Process of Evaluation After studying the course, an MCQ exam or assignment will test your skills and knowledge. You have to get a score of 60% to pass the test and get your certificate. Certificate of Achievement Certificate of Completion – Digital / PDF Certificate After completing the Mental Health First Aid course, you can order your CPD Accredited Digital/ PDF Certificate for £5.99. Certificate of Completion – Hard copy Certificate You can get the CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate for £12.99. Shipping Charges: Inside the UK: £3.99 International: £10.99 Who Is This Course for? This Mental Health First Aid is suitable for anyone aspiring to start a career in relevant field; even if you are new to this and have no prior knowledge, this course is going to be very easy for you to understand. On the other hand, if you are already working in this sector, this course will be a great source of knowledge for you to improve your existing skills and take them to the next level. This course has been developed with maximum flexibility and accessibility, making it ideal for people who don’t have the time to devote to traditional education. Requirements You don’t need any educational qualification or experience to enrol in the Mental Health First Aid course. Do note: you must be at least 16 years old to enrol. Any internet-connected device, such as a computer, tablet, or smartphone, can access this online course. Career Path The certification and skills you get from this Mental Health First Aid Course can help you advance your career and gain expertise in several fields, allowing you to apply for high-paying jobs in related sectors. Course Curriculum Mental Health First Aid Module 1: Introduction to Mental Health 00:13:00 Module 2: Overview of Mental Health First Aid 00:14:00 Module 3: Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders 00:13:00 Module 4: Stress and Anxiety Disorders 00:22:00 Module 5: Schizophrenia 00:25:00 Module 6: Personality Disorders 00:36:00 Module 7: Mood Disorders 00:20:00 Module 8: Eating & Sleeping Disorders 00:41:00 Module 9: Self-Harm and Suicide 00:18:00 Module 10: Medication and Therapy in the Treatment of Mental Illness 00:30:00 Module 11: Social Attitudes to Mental Illness 00:12:00 Module 12: Mental Health Legislation and Services 00:28:00 Module 13: Mental Health in the Workplace 00:22:00 Module 14: Approach and React To People in Mental Health Crisis 00:27:00 Assignment Assignment - Mental Health First Aid 00:00:00
Duration 5 Days 30 CPD hours This course is intended for This course is targeted towards the information technology (IT) professional that has a minimum 1 year IT Security and Networking experience. This course would be ideal for Information System Owners, Security Officers, Ethical Hackers, Information Owners, Penetration Testers, System Owner and Managers as well as Cyber Security Engineers. Overview Upon completion, the Certified Professional Ethical Hacker candidate will be able to competently take the CPEH exam. The CPEH certification training enables students to understand the importance of vulnerability assessments and how to implement counter response along with preventative measures when it comes to a network hack. Security Fundamentals Overview The Growth of Environments and Security Our Motivation? The Goal: Protecting Information! CIA Triad in Detail Approach Security Holistically Security Definitions Definitions Relationships Method: Ping The TCP/IP Stack Which Services Use Which Ports? TCP 3-Way Handshake TCP Flags Malware Types of Malware Types of Malware Cont... Types of Viruses More Malware: Spyware Trojan Horses Back Doors DoS DDoS Packet Sniffers Passive Sniffing Active Sniffing Firewalls, IDS and IPS Firewall ? First Line of Defense IDS ? Second Line of Defense IPS ? Last Line of Defense? Firewalls Firewall Types: (1) Packet Filtering Firewall Types: (2) Proxy Firewalls Firewall Types ? Circuit-Level Proxy Firewall Type of Circuit- Level Proxy ? SOCKS Firewall Types ? Application-Layer Proxy Firewall Types: (3) Stateful Firewall Types: (4) Dynamic Packet-Filtering Firewall Types: (5) Kernel Proxies Firewall Placement Firewall Architecture Types ? Screened Host Multi- or Dual-Homed Screened Subnet Wi-Fi Network Types Wi-Fi Network Types Widely Deployed Standards Standards Comparison 802.11n - MIMO Overview of Database Server Review Access Controls Overview Role of Access Control Definitions More Definitions Categories of Access Controls Physical Controls Logical Controls ?Soft? Controls Security Roles Steps to Granting Access Access Criteria Physical Access Control Mechanisms Biometric System Types Synchronous Token Asynchronous Token Device Memory Cards Smart Card Cryptographic Keys Logical Access Controls OS Access Controls Linux Access Controls Accounts and Groups Password & Shadow File Formats Accounts and Groups Linux and UNIX Permissions Set UID Programs Trust Relationships Review Protocols Protocols Overview OSI ? Application Layer OSI ? Presentation Layer OSI ? Session Layer Transport Layer OSI ? Network Layer OSI ? Data Link OSI ? Physical Layer Protocols at Each OSI Model Layer TCP/IP Suite Port and Protocol Relationship Conceptual Use of Ports UDP versus TCP Protocols ? ARP Protocols ? ICMP Network Service ? DNS SSH Security Protocol SSH Protocols ? SNMP Protocols ? SMTP Packet Sniffers Example Packet Sniffers Review Cryptography Overview Introduction Encryption Cryptographic Definitions Encryption Algorithm Implementation Symmetric Encryption Symmetric Downfalls Symmetric Algorithms Crack Times Asymmetric Encryption Public Key Cryptography Advantages Asymmetric Algorithm Disadvantages Asymmetric Algorithm Examples Key Exchange Symmetric versus Asymmetric Using the Algorithm Types Together Instructor Demonstration Hashing Common Hash Algorithms Birthday Attack Example of a Birthday Attack Generic Hash Demo Instructor Demonstration Security Issues in Hashing Hash Collisions MD5 Collision Creates Rogue Certificate Authority Hybrid Encryption Digital Signatures SSL/TLS SSL Connection Setup SSL Hybrid Encryption SSH IPSec - Network Layer Protection IPSec IPSec Public Key Infrastructure Quantum Cryptography Attack Vectors Network Attacks More Attacks (Cryptanalysis) Review Why Vulnerability Assessments? Overview What is a Vulnerability Assessment? Vulnerability Assessment Benefits of a Vulnerability Assessment What are Vulnerabilities? Security Vulnerability Life Cycle Compliance and Project Scoping The Project Overview Statement Project Overview Statement Assessing Current Network Concerns Vulnerabilities in Networks More Concerns Network Vulnerability Assessment Methodology Network Vulnerability Assessment Methodology Phase I: Data Collection Phase II: Interviews, Information Reviews, and Hands-On Investigation Phase III: Analysis Analysis cont. Risk Management Why Is Risk Management Difficult? Risk Analysis Objectives Putting Together the Team and Components What Is the Value of an Asset? Examples of Some Vulnerabilities that Are Not Always Obvious Categorizing Risks Some Examples of Types of Losses Different Approaches to Analysis Who Uses What? Qualitative Analysis Steps Quantitative Analysis ALE Values Uses ALE Example ARO Values and Their Meaning ALE Calculation Can a Purely Quantitative Analysis Be Accomplished? Comparing Cost and Benefit Countermeasure Criteria Calculating Cost/Benefit Cost of a Countermeasure Can You Get Rid of All Risk? Management?s Response to Identified Risks Liability of Actions Policy Review (Top-Down) Methodology Definitions Policy Types Policies with Different Goals Industry Best Practice Standards Components that Support the Security Policy Policy Contents When Critiquing a Policy Technical (Bottom-Up) Methodology Review Vulnerability Tools of the Trade Vulnerability Scanners Nessus SAINT ? Sample Report Tool: Retina Qualys Guard http://www.qualys.com/products/overview/ Tool: LANguard Microsoft Baseline Analyzer MBSA Scan Report Dealing with Assessment Results Patch Management Options Review Output Analysis and Reports Overview Staying Abreast: Security Alerts Vulnerability Research Sites Nessus SAINT SAINT Reports GFI Languard GFI Reports MBSA MBSA Reports Review Reconnaissance, Enumeration & Scanning Reconnaissance Overview Step One in the Hacking ?Life-Cycle? What Information is Gathered by the Hacker? Passive vs. Active Reconnaissance Footprinting Defined Social Access Social Engineering Techniques Social Networking Sites People Search Engines Internet Archive: The WayBack Machine Footprinting Tools Overview Maltego GUI Johnny.Ihackstuff.com Google (cont.) Domain Name Registration WHOIS Output DNS Databases Using Nslookup Traceroute Operation Web Server Info Tool: Netcraft Introduction to Port Scanning Which Services use Which Ports? Port Scan Tips Port Scans Shou
In the ever-evolving landscape of healthcare, there lies a niche yet crucial sector: Emergency Paediatric First Aid. With children's unique medical needs, the demand for specialised care is on the rise in the UK. Recent statistics show an increasing number of children-related accidents, highlighting the urgency for skilful individuals in paediatric first aid. Seize the opportunity to stand at the forefront of this indispensable discipline. Our course centred around Emergency Paediatric First Aid, is tailored to empower you with the knowledge and confidence to provide timely assistance. With each module, immerse yourself deeper into the world of paediatric care, ensuring that in times of emergencies, you are not a mere bystander but an active participant in safeguarding a child's health. Embrace the change, and be the difference the industry needs. This Level 3 Emergency Paediatric First Aid course covers the following topics: Understand core concepts of paediatric first aid. Evaluate and offer immediate assistance to children. Administer CPR and manage unresponsive children. Address common paediatric illnesses and injuries. Deliver first aid for severe medical conditions. Recognise when and how to call emergency services. Details Perks of Learning with IOMH One-to-one support from a dedicated tutor throughout your course. Study online - whenever and wherever you want. Instant Digital/ PDF certificate 100% money back guarantee 12 months access Process of Evaluation After studying the course, an MCQ exam or assignment will test your skills and knowledge. You have to get a score of 60% to pass the test and get your certificate. Certificate of Achievement Certificate of Completion - Digital/PDF Certificate After completing the Emergency Paediatric First Aid course, you can order your CPD-accredited Digital/PDF Certificate for £5.99. Certificate of Completion - Hard copy Certificate You can get the CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate for £12.99. (Each) Shipping Charges: Inside the UK: £3.99 International: £10.99 Who Is This Course for? This Emergency Paediatric First Aid is suitable for anyone aspiring to start a career in relevant field; even if you are new to this and have no prior knowledge, this course is going to be very easy for you to understand. On the other hand, if you are already working in this sector, this course will be a great source of knowledge for you to improve your existing skills and take them to the next level. This course has been developed with maximum flexibility and accessibility, making it ideal for people who don't have the time to devote to traditional education. Requirements There is no prerequisite to enrol in this course. You don't need any educational qualification or experience to enrol in the Emergency Paediatric First Aid course. Do note: you must be at least 16 years old to enrol. Any internet-connected device, such as a computer, tablet, or smartphone, can access this online course. Career Path The certification and skills you get from this Emergency Paediatric First Aid Course can help you advance your career and gain expertise in several fields, allowing you to apply for high-paying jobs in related sectors. Course Curriculum Module 01: Introduction to Paediatric First Aid Introduction to Paediatric First Aid 00:18:00 Module 02: Assessment and Assistance Assessment and Assistance 00:22:00 Module 03: Loss of Responsiveness and CPR Loss of Responsiveness and CPR 00:20:00 Module 04: Paediatric First Aid for Common Illnesses, Injuries and Incidents Paediatric First Aid for Common Illnesses, Injuries and Incidents 00:38:00 Module 05: First Aid for Acute Medical Conditions First Aid for Acute Medical Conditions 00:22:00 Module 06: Call for an Emergency Call for an Emergency 00:24:00 Assignment Assignment - Emergency Paediatric First Aid 00:00:00
Heatwave Health and Safety Tips course teaches you everything on the topic thoroughly from scratch so you can achieve a certificate for free to showcase your achievement in professional life. This course is a comprehensive course designed to provide a detailed understanding of the nature of the related sector and your key roles within it. The training materials of this course are available online for you to learn at your own pace and fast-track your career with ease. Key Features Accredited by CPD Instant e-certificate Fully online, interactivecourse with audio voiceover Self-paced learning and laptop, tablet, smartphone-friendly 24/7 Learning Assistance Discounts on bulk purchases Free Gifts Life Coaching Course Enrol now in this course to excel! To become successful in your profession, you must have a specific set of skills to succeed in today's competitive world. In this in-depth Heatwave Health and Safety Tips training course, you will develop the most in-demand skills to kickstart your career, as well as upgrade your existing knowledge & skills. The curriculum of the course has been designed by experts with years of experience behind them which is extremely dynamic and well-paced to help you understand the subject matter with ease. The curriculum outline of our course is as follows: Module 01: Introduction to Heatwaves Module 02: Problems Caused by Heatwaves Module 03: Safeguarding and Prevention Accreditation All of our coursesare fully accredited, including this course, providing you with up-to-date skills and knowledge and helping you to become more competent and effective in your chosen field. Certification Once you've successfully completed your course, you will immediately be sent a digital certificate. Also, you can have your printed certificate delivered by post (shipping cost £3.99). CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anyone with a knack for learning new skills can take this course. Requirements No prior degree or experience is required to enroll in this course. Certificates Certificate of completion Digital certificate - Included Certificate of completion Hard copy certificate - Included You will get the hard copy certificates for Free! The delivery charge of the hard copy certificate inside the UK is £3.99 each.
Level 3 Emergency First Aid at Work The Level 3 Emergency First Aid at Work Diploma is awarded by EUKET. This bundle on first aid at work covers expert tips and techniques for emergency first aid at work situations. This program aligns with the guidelines introduced by the HSE in October 2013 and fulfils the standards of the First Aid at Work (First Aid) Regulations 1981, including the updates made in 2017. More Benefits: LIFETIME access Device Compatibility Free Workplace Management Toolkit Level 3 Emergency First Aid at Work Course Benefits: Master the art of emergency planning, a fundamental aspect of first aid at work. Address unconscious casualties effectively, a vital skill in first aid at work scenarios. Gain expertise in treating Heart Attacks, Choking, Bleeding, Shock, Asthma, and Anaphylaxis-key treatments in first aid at work. Become well-versed in the laws and regulations that govern first aid at work. Assess critical situations and create first aid at work action plans.
Workplace first aid course will teach you first aid methods and techniques that may come in handy in an emergency at your workplace. This program aims to enable you to take care of a first aid scenario and systematically plan further steps to save someone’s life from a hazardous situation.
Level 1 Award in Emergency First Aid at Work Prepare to navigate the world of First Aid at Work with our Level 1 Award in Emergency First Aid at Work. From understanding the essentials in your First Aid at Work kit to tackling minor injuries efficiently, this First Aid at Work qualification is your guiding star. Learning Outcomes: Explain CPR scenarios in First Aid at Work Perform AED safety measures in First Aid at Work Develop First Aid at Work Emergency Plan. Analyse minor injury treatments during First Aid at Work More Benefits: LIFETIME access Device Compatibility Free Workplace Management Toolkit Level 1 Award in Emergency First Aid at Work Course Syllabus: First Aid at Work Basics: Master the fundamentals and regulations of First Aid at Work, including roles and record-keeping. First Things First: Learn basic victim assessment techniques, focusing on DR ABC, for effective First Aid at Work. CPR in First Aid at Work: Understand when and how to perform CPR in various scenarios for First Aid at Work. AED in First Aid at Work: Acquire skills in using an AED safely, considering victims with pacemakers, for First Aid at Work. First Aid at Work for Minor Injuries: Master first aid techniques for treating minor injuries like cuts, burns, and bites for First Aid at Work. First Aid at Work for Minor Illnesses: Learn to manage common minor illnesses like fever and nausea for comprehensive First Aid at Work.
Duration 4 Days 24 CPD hours This course is intended for Storage and virtual infrastructure consultants, solution architects, and administrators who are responsible for production support and administration of VMware vSAN 8.0. Overview By the end of the course, you should be able to meet the following objectives: Describe vSAN concepts Detail the underlying vSAN architecture and components Explain the key features and use cases for vSAN Identify requirements and planning considerations for vSAN clusters Explain the importance vSAN node hardware compatibility Describe the different vSAN deployment options Explain how to configure vSAN fault domains Detail how to define and create a VM storage policy Discuss the impact of vSAN storage policy changes Detail vSAN resilience and data availability Describe vSAN storage space efficiency Explain how vSAN encryption works Detail VMware HCI Mesh⢠technology and architecture Detail vSAN File Service architecture and configuration Describe how to setup a stretched and a two-node vSAN cluster Describe vSAN maintenance mode and data evacuation options Define the steps to shut down a vSAN cluster for maintenance Explain how to use proactive tests to check the integrity of a vSAN cluster Use VMware Skyline Health⢠for monitoring vSAN health Use VMware Skyline Health to investigate and help determine failure conditions Discuss vSAN troubleshooting best practices Describe vSAN Express Storage Architecture⢠concepts During this course, you will gain the knowledge, skills, and tools to plan and deploy a VMware vSAN? cluster. You will learn about managing and operating vSAN. This course focuses on building the required skills for common Day-2 vSAN administrator tasks such as vSAN node management, cluster maintenance, security operations, troubleshooting and advanced vSAN cluster operations. You will learn these skills through the completion of instructor-led activities and hands-on lab exercises. Course Introduction Introduction and course logistics Course objectives Introduction to vSAN Describe vSAN architecture Describe the vSAN software components: CLOM, DOM, LSOM, CMMDS, and RDT Identify vSAN objects and components Describe the advantages of object-based storage Describe the difference between All-Flash and Hybrid vSAN architecture Explain the key features and use cases for vSAN Discuss the vSAN integration and compatibility with other VMware technologies Planning a vSAN Cluster Identify requirements and planning considerations for vSAN clusters Apply vSAN cluster planning and deployment best practices Determine and plan for storage consumption by data growth and failure tolerance Design vSAN hosts for operational needs Identify vSAN networking features and requirements Describe ways of controlling traffic in a vSAN environment Recognize best practices for vSAN network configurations Deploying a vSAN Cluster Recognize the importance of hardware compatibility Ensure the compatibility of driver and firmware versioning Use tools to automate driver validation and installation Apply host hardware settings for optimum performance Use VMware vSphere© Lifecycle ManagerTM to perform upgrades Deploy and configure a vSAN Cluster using the Cluster QuickStart wizard Manually configure a vSAN Cluster using VMware vSphere© Client? Explain and configure vSAN fault domains Using VMware vSphere© High Availability with vSAN Understand vSAN Cluster maintenance capabilities Describe the difference between implicit and explicit fault domains Create explicit fault domains vSAN Storage Policies Describe a vSAN object Describe how objects are split into components Explain the purpose of witness components Explain how vSAN stores large objects View object and component placement on the vSAN datastore Explain how storage policies work with vSAN Define and create a virtual machine storage policy Apply and modify virtual machine storage policies Change virtual machine storage policies dynamically Identify virtual machine storage policy compliance status vSAN Resilience and Data Availability Describe and configure the Object Repair Timer advanced option Plan disk replacement in a vSAN cluster Plan maintenance tasks to avoid vSAN object failures Recognize the importance of managing snapshot utilization in a vSAN cluster Managing vSAN Storage Space Efficiency Discuss deduplication and compression techniques Understand deduplication and compression overhead Discuss compression only mode Configure erasure coding Configure swap object thin provisioning Discuss reclaiming storage space with SCSI UNMAP Configure TRIM/UNMAP vSAN Security Operations Identify differences between VM encryption and vSAN encryption Perform ongoing operations to maintain data security Describe the workflow of data-in transit encryption Identify the steps involved in replacing Key Management Server vSAN HCI Mesh Understand the purpose of vSAN HCI Mesh Detail vSAN HCI Mesh technology and architecture Perform mount and unmount of a remote datastore vSAN File Service and iSCSI Target Service Understand the purpose of vSAN File Services Detail vSAN File Services architecture Configure vSAN File Shares Describe vSAN iSCSI Target Service vSAN Stretched and Two Node Clusters Describe the architecture and uses case for stretched clusters Detail the deployment and replacement of a vSAN witness node Describe the architecture and uses case for two-node clusters Explain storage policies for vSAN stretched cluster vSAN Cluster Maintenance Perform typical vSAN maintenance operations Describe vSAN maintenance modes and data evacuation options Assess the impact on cluster objects of entering maintenance mode Determine the specific data actions required after exiting maintenance mode Define the steps to shut down and reboot hosts and vSAN clusters Use best practices for boot devices Replace vSAN nodes vSAN Cluster Monitoring Describe how the Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP) enables VMware to improve products and services Use VMware Skyline Health for monitoring vSAN cluster health Manage alerts, alarms, and notifications related to vSAN in VMware vSphere© Client? Create and configure custom alarms to trigger vSAN health issues Use IOInsight metrics for monitoring vSAN performance Use a vSAN proactive test to detect and diagnose cluster issues vSAN Troubleshooting Use a structured approach to solve configuration and operational problems Apply troubleshooting methodology to logically diagnose faults and optimize troubleshooting efficiency Use VMware Skyline Health to investigate and help determine failure conditions Explain which log files are useful for vSAN troubleshooting vSAN Express Storage Architecture Understand the purpose of vSAN Express Storage Architecture Describe the vSAN Express Storage Architecture components Identify Storage Policy differences Understand compression and encryption operation differences