12858 Courses in Cardiff delivered Online

Learn the Basic PhotoshopTraining Course Learn retouching, layers, color, correction, shapes, and symbols. Delve into graphic design, photo editing, and digital art. From beginner to pro, gaining expertise in UX strategies, ensuring your websites are impactful and user-friendly. Click here for more info: Website Duration: 10 hours Approach: 1-on1 sessions and Personalized guidance. Schedule: Customize your schedule by booking a convenient hour, available from Monday to Saturday between 9 am and 7 pm. Module 1: Interface and Preferences Familiarize yourself with the Photoshop Interface Customize Panels and Toolbars to match your workflow Explore Photoshop Preferences to optimize settings Discover various Photoshop CC Workspaces tailored for different tasks Begin with essential Keyboard Shortcuts Module 2: Image File Formats Understand diverse image file formats such as PSD, JPEG, PNG, and PDF Delve into File Compression and its influence on image quality Module 3: Creating a New Document Set dimensions and size for new documents Grasp media units for accurate design specifications Explore Color Profiles and their significance Save presets for swift document setups Module 4: Placing Images Differentiate Embedded vs. Linked images Introduction to Smart Objects for non-destructive editing Master the Selection tool for precise image placement Module 5: Image Size and Resolution Save images using various formats and compression settings Understand Image Size and Resolution for diverse output needs Module 6: Layers Introduction Organize your work with Layer management Master layer tasks such as reordering, renaming, grouping, locking, and hiding Module 7: Selection Tools Explore Selection Tools like Marquee, Magic Wand, Quick Selection, and Lasso Grasp Inverse Selection and Deselect for efficient editing Module 8: Layer Effects Apply captivating Layer Effects such as Drop Shadow, Stroke, and Outer Glow Save and replicate Effects Styles for quick application Combine multiple effects for creative designs Module 9: Introduction to Shapes Utilize the Shapes tool for fundamental design elements Create Custom Shapes for unique designs Understand Color principles and use the Properties Panel for adjustments Master the Direct Selection tool for precise shape editing Create a basic poster using provided examples Module 10: Type and Typography Work with Type and explore the Character and Paragraph Panel Utilize Styles Panel for consistent text formatting Save favorite fonts for easy access Apply Effects and Layer Styles on Type for impactful typography Learn about Leading, Tracking, and Kerning for optimal text spacing Module 11: Colors Understand RGB vs. CMYK color modes Select colors using the Eyedropper tool Save colors as Swatches for reuse Create gradients using the Gradient Tool Module 12: Creating a Clipping Mask Master the concept of Clipping Masks and their application Apply Clipping Masks to Type, Images, and Shapes Combine Layer Effects with Clipping Masks for creative designs Module 13: Introduction to Masking Understand Masking and its importance in image editing Utilize the Brush tool for mask creation Learn Masking shortcuts and use Gradient Mask for smooth transitions Module 14: Adjustment Layers Explore Color and Gradient Adjustment Layers for image enhancements Master Curves, Levels, and Hue/Saturation Adjustment Layers for precise color control Convert images to Black and White using Adjustment Layers Combine Adjustment Layer Masks for targeted edits Module 15: Image Touch Up Master various touch-up techniques, including Red Eye Removal, Spot Healing Brush, and Patch Tool Utilize Content Aware Removal for seamless object removal Restore old photos using Clone Stamp and Dodge/Burn tools Enhance portraits by removing blemishes and whitening teeth Module 16: Filters Introduction Understand Smart Objects and Filter usage for non-destructive editing Explore the Filters Gallery and experiment with Blur and Vantage filters Module 17: Blending Modes Introduction Master the concept of Blending Modes and their effects on layer overlays Understand different Blending Modes like Darken, Lighten, and Overlay Layer Mastery: Develop expertise in working with layers, mastering advanced techniques for seamless editing and design organization in Adobe Photoshop. Precision Editing: Skillfully employ a variety of selection tools, ensuring precise and meticulous editing, manipulation, and composition of images and elements. Creative Layer Effects: Apply captivating Layer Effects with finesse, enhancing your designs and visuals to achieve professional-grade aesthetics. Advanced Editing Techniques: Understand the functionalities of Adjustment Layers, Masking, and Clipping Masks, enabling you to perform advanced editing and compositing tasks with confidence and precision. Effective Photo Restoration: Acquire techniques to touch up and restore photographs effectively, ensuring professional-quality results in photo editing and retouching. Typography Expertise: Explore advanced typography techniques, enabling you to create visually appealing text designs that complement your overall compositions. Filter Applications: Gain an introductory understanding of Filters and their creative applications, enhancing your ability to add artistic effects and refine visuals. Practical Color Theory: Grasp the fundamental principles of Color Theory and apply them practically in your designs, ensuring harmonious and visually pleasing color schemes in your work. Course Highlights: Advanced Photoshop Skills: Learn intricate techniques for professional image editing, retouching, and manipulation. Creative Design Projects: Engage in hands-on projects to enhance your practical skills in real-world scenarios. Mastering Special Effects: Dive into advanced topics like layer effects, filters, and blending modes to create stunning visual effects. Typography and Design Principles: Explore typography styles, layout design, and color theory for compelling compositions. Professional Portfolio Development: Receive guidance on creating a professional portfolio showcasing your Photoshop expertise. Potential Job Roles: Graphic Designer: Craft visually appealing graphics for print and digital media. Digital Artist: Create digital artwork for various applications, from illustrations to advertisements. Photo Retoucher: Enhance and manipulate photos for professional use, including portrait retouching. UI/UX Designer: Design user interfaces and experiences for websites and applications. Web Designer: Develop visually engaging websites with expertise in Photoshop for web design. Marketing Content Creator: Produce marketing materials such as banners, brochures, and social media visuals. Freelance Designer: Work independently, offering design services to clients across different industries. Advertising Creative: Contribute to creative campaigns by designing impactful ad visuals. Print Production Specialist: Prepare print-ready materials, ensuring quality in printed products. Photography Post-Processing Specialist: Enhance and retouch photographs, optimizing them for professional use. Comprehensive Photoshop Proficiency: Develop a solid foundation in Photoshop, mastering essential tools and techniques vital for image editing and manipulation. Creative Editing Expertise: Learn advanced retouching, image enhancement, digital artwork creation, and graphic design using Photoshop's powerful features. Professional-Grade Results: Acquire skills for achieving professional-level outcomes in image editing, ensuring precise color correction, seamless retouching, and visually appealing compositions. Optimized Workflow: Discover time-saving tips, shortcuts, and efficient techniques to enhance your Photoshop workflow. Learn layer management, non-destructive editing, and automation for streamlined processes. Versatile Design Skills: Unlock creative possibilities by mastering text effects, digital collages, filters, and graphic design for diverse mediums. Access to Recorded Lessons: Revisit course material and reinforce learning through recorded lessons. Review specific techniques at your own pace, deepening your understanding of Photoshop. Lifetime Email Assistance: Benefit from continuous support with lifetime email assistance. Seek guidance, get answers to questions, and seek clarification even after completing the course.

Course Overview: Introduction to COPD in Primary CareThese introductory days are tailored for nurses and other healthcare professionals who are new to the realm of COPD care or have not received formal training in this area. Led by Paula Matson, a Respiratory Specialist and Practice Nurse, the program is designed to build a foundational understanding of COPD and empower participants to provide effective care to COPD patients in primary care settings.These introductory sessions offer a comprehensive journey from the fundamentals of COPD understanding to a confident approach in patient review and management, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and holistic care in primary care settings. Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of this Introduction to COPD course, participants will attain the following learning outcomes: 1. Emphasize Early Prevention: Recognize the significance of early prevention in COPD management and its impact on patient outcomes. 2. Grasp COPD Physiology: Develop a foundational understanding of the physiological underpinnings of COPD, aiding accurate assessment and care. 3. Comprehend Medications and Roles: Acquire knowledge about COPD medications, comprehending their diverse roles in managing symptoms. 4. Non-Pharmacological Management: Understand and appreciate non-pharmacological approaches to COPD care and symptom management. 5. Inhaler Proficiency: Gain expertise in managing various types of inhaler devices, ensuring effective medication delivery. 6. Documentation Proficiency: Understand the importance of meticulous documentation, including utilizing templates for streamlined care. 7. Review and Self-Management: Realize the value of regular patient review and supervised self-management plans for COPD patients. 8. Problem Solving and Solutions: Foster discussions to address relevant practice issues and collaboratively discover effective solutions. 9. Commitment to Ongoing Development: Recognize the importance of continuous professional development in the evolving landscape of COPD care These introductory sessions offer a comprehensive journey from the fundamentals of COPD understanding to a confident approach in patient review and management, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and holistic care in primary care settings.

Training duration: 10 hrs Course info Method: 1-2-1, Personalized attention, Tailored content, Flexible pace, Individual support. Schedule: Personalized training experience with our flexible 1-2-1 sessions. Tailor your own schedule by pre-booking a convenient hour of your choice, available from Monday to Saturday between 9 am and 7 pm. Unlock visual effects and motion graphics skills with our 3ds Max and After Effects Course. Certified tutors guide you through seamless integration of 3D models and animations. Live online format, recorded lessons, and lifetime email support provided. Enroll now and explore exciting career opportunities in visual effects, animation, and motion graphics. Course Outline: Adobe After Effects Fundamentals. Getting Started Overview of the workspace and interface. Importing and organizing assets for seamless workflow. Understanding projects and compositions for effective project management. Working with layers to create complex compositions. Applying Effects (FX) Introduction to applying effects in After Effects. Fixed and applied FX for enhancing visual appeal. Understanding animation principles for smooth motion. Modifying motion paths to control animation trajectories. Mastering keyframes for precise animation control. Exploring the basics of the graph editor for advanced animation adjustments. Text Animation Creating and animating text in After Effects. Enhancing text with layer styles for engaging visuals. Utilizing animation options for dynamic text effects. Implementing motion blur for realistic motion. Shape Layers Introduction to shape layers and their versatility. Creating shapes from Illustrator files for flexible designs. Working with paths and their applications in animations. Utilizing animation options to breathe life into shapes. Exporting and Finalizing Projects Effective project management and organization techniques. Understanding export options for optimal rendering. Exporting projects through Media Encoder for various platforms. Utilizing dynamic link to Premiere Pro for seamless integration. Masks and Chroma-keying Creating and animating masks for selective visual effects. Utilizing tracking masks for precise adjustments. Limiting effects to specific areas using track mattes and property links. Mastering green-screen chroma-keying with Keylight 1.2. Additional Effects Exploring additional effects such as Warp Stabilizer, Camera Tracker, Motion Tracker, and Puppet Pin tool. Implementing these effects to enhance motion graphics and visual effects. Creative applications and hands-on practice with each effect. By the end of this fast-paced and practical Adobe After Effects training course, participants will achieve the following learning outcomes: Key Skills in After Effects: Gain proficiency in essential After Effects skills to transform video projects effectively. Professional Techniques: Master a range of professional techniques and processes invaluable for film makers, motion designers, and animators. Project Planning: Learn how to plan projects, prepare assets, and set compositions for seamless video production. Animation and Effects: Acquire the ability to apply and animate various transformations and effects on images, videos, and text elements. Masking and Compositing: Develop skills in masking and compositing to create visually stunning and cohesive compositions. Rendering Videos: Understand the video rendering process to produce high-quality final outputs.

Why Choose 3ds Max Basics Training Course? Click for more info What am I going to get from this course? Create your own models in 3ds Max; Use built in poly modelling tools to create basic 3D objects. Learn everything you need about 3ds Max with this guide, from the basics of modelling and animation to more advanced steps.  Duration: 10 hrs Method: 1-on-1, Personalized attention. Schedule: Tailor your own schedule by pre-booking a convenient hour of your choice, available from Mon to Sat between 9 am and 7 pm. 3ds Max Basic Training Course: Course Name: 3ds Max Basics Training Course. Core Skills for 3D Modeling, Rendering, Animations, and Games. Target Audience: Beginners and new users from diverse industries, including architects, interior designers, engineers, game developers, artists, and animators.Course Outline: 3D Modeling and Animation with 3ds MaxI. Introduction to 3ds Max- Course overview and objectives - Navigating the user interface - Basic settings and preferencesII. Creating 3D Objects- Building simple shapes with primitive objects - Craft complex designs using Editable Poly - Enhancing objects with modifiers - Applying materials and textures for realistic effectsIII. Lighting Techniques- Illuminating scenes with different light sources - Exploring various types of lighting - Adjusting light properties for desired effects - Casting shadows to enhance realismIV. Camera Control- Creating and configuring camera views - Fine-tuning camera settings for optimal shots - Animating cameras for dynamic scenesV. Animation Fundamentals- Mastering keyframe animation techniques - Utilizing the time slider and track view - Animating object transformations - Adding movement to materials and texturesVI. Rendering Process- Configuring render settings for high-quality output - Selecting appropriate output formats - Streamlining rendering with batch processing - Enhancing final renders with post-processing effectsVII. Project-Based Learning- Applying acquired skills to complete a final project - Exercising creativity and problem-solving abilities - Integrating modeling, animation, lighting, and rendering into the projectIn-Depth Course Outline:1. Modeling- Edit Poly Modeling: Extrude, Chamfer, Cut, and Slices - Symmetry Mirror Modeling - Designing a Table and Chair - Creating a Basic House Model - Working with Lines and Shapes - Importing Plans from AutoCAD/Vectorworks - Crafting Interior Spaces - Adding Doors, Windows, Railings, and Trees - Implementing Stairs2. Modifiers- Exploring Compound Objects - Utilizing Connect, Scatter, Pro Boolean, Loft, and Terrain Modifiers - Manipulating Bend, Taper, Twist, Stretch, Skew, FFD, Wave, Ripple, and Lattice - Employing the Lathe Modifier for Curved Objects3. 3ds Max Basic Lights- Mastering Omni, Spot, and Direct Lights for Illumination4. 3ds Max Camera- Understanding Free and Target Cameras for Optimal Shots5. Texturing and Rendering- Applying Diffuse and Bump Mapping Techniques - Integrating Environment and Background Images - Configuring Render Settings for High-Quality Images - Lighting and Rendering Scenes in 3ds MaxAre you ready to take your 3D modeling and animation skills to the next level? Download the 30-day free trial of 3ds Max from Autodesk and embark on a transformative learning journey today. Explore the possibilities and unleash your creative potential!

The LMI Foundations of Success workshop introduces the concepts and practical tools used to help countless individuals within thousands of organisations, of all sizes and complexity in both the public and private sector, realise more of their true potential.

Introduction to Asthma in Primary Care   This 2-Day Introduction to Asthma course is specifically designed for healthcare professionals in primary care settings. It provides a comprehensive overview of asthma management, from diagnosis to ongoing patient care. This interactive course is ideal for those new to asthma care or looking to refresh their knowledge.   Day 1 focuses on the fundamentals of asthma, including its definition, the importance of a good clinical history, and diagnostic tests. It covers the diagnosis of asthma in children and explores various asthma guidelines. The day concludes with an in-depth look at inhaler types, techniques, and considerations in choosing inhalers, followed by action plan development.   Day 2 builds on the previous day's learnings, with a focus on monitoring asthma, conducting asthma reviews, and creating Personalised Asthma Action Plans (PAAPs). Participants will learn about assessing and managing asthma attacks and review the National Register of Asthma Deaths (NRAD) for insights into asthma management. The course concludes with case studies and discussions to solidify the learning experience. Learning Objectives: 1. Understanding Asthma a. Develop a fundamental understanding of what asthma is. b. Learn the importance of obtaining a thorough clinical history for accurate diagnosis.   2. Diagnostic Approaches a. Understand various tests used to confirm an asthma diagnosis. b. Learn about diagnosing asthma in children.   3. Guidelines and Inhaler Techniques a. Familiarise with key asthma guidelines: BTS/SIGN, NICE, and GINA. b. Gain practical knowledge about commonly used inhalers and their techniques.   4. Treatment and Management a. Explore factors influencing the choice of inhalers. b. Develop skills in creating effective asthma action plans.   5. Asthma Monitoring and Reviews a. Learn methods to monitor asthma effectively in patients. b. Understand how to conduct thorough asthma reviews.   6. Personalised Asthma Action Plans a. Learn how to develop and implement PAAPs tailored to individual patients.   7. Assessing and Managing Asthma Attacks a. Understand how to assess the level of asthma attacks and manage them appropriately.   8. Insights from NRAD a. Review findings from the National Register of Asthma Deaths for improved asthma care.Target Audience:This course is designed for nurses and healthcare professionals new to asthma care, providing them with the knowledge and skills to confidently manage patients with asthma in a primary care setting. All practitioners seeking to enhance their expertise in asthma care are welcome to attend.

Do you want a fulfilling career in accountancy? Have you passed AAT Level 3 or an equivalent accounting qualification? We can help you reach your goal by studying AAT Level 4. This level builds on the knowledge you gained in the Level 3 Diploma. You will cover higher accounting tasks including drafting financial statements, managing budgets, and evaluating financial performance. There are also optional specialist units including business tax, personal tax, auditing, credit management, and cash and financial management. After qualifying you can work in accounting roles or progress onto studying chartered accountancy. About AAT Level 4 Diploma in Professional Accounting Entry Requirements To progress comfortably on this course, you’ll need to have good accounting knowledge and be able to perform all the financial and management accounting tasks which are tested on the AAT Level 3 course. Plus you’ll need a good standard of English literacy and basic Maths skills. We recommend you register with AAT before starting this course. This will give you your AAT student number, which enables you to enter for assessments. AAT Level 4 Diploma in Professional Accounting syllabus By the end of this course, you’ll be able to apply complex accounting principles, concepts, and rules to prepare the financial statements of a limited company. You’ll also learn management accounting techniques to aid decision making and control, prepare and monitor budgets, and measure performance. This level consists of compulsory and optional units: Compulsory unitsDrafting and Interpreting of Financial Statements (DAIF) The reporting frameworks that underpin financial reporting How to draft statutory financial statements for limited companies How to draft consolidated financial statements How to interpret financial statements using ratio analysis Applied Management Accounting (AMAC) The organisational planning process How to use internal processes to enhance operational control How to use techniques to aid short-term and long-term decision making How to analyse and report on business performance Internal Accounting Systems and Controls (INAC) The role and responsibilities of the accounting function within an organisation How to evaluate internal control systems How to evaluate an organisation’s accounting system and underpinning procedures The impact of technology on accounting systems How to recommend improvements to an organisation’s accounting system Optional units (choose two)Business Tax (BNTA) How to prepare tax computations for sole traders and partnerships How to prepare tax computations for limited companies How to prepare tax computations for the sale of capital assets by limited companies The administrative requirements of the UK’s tax regime The tax implications of business disposals Tax reliefs, tax planning opportunities and agent’s responsibilities in reporting taxation to HM Revenue and Customs Personal Tax (PNTA) The principles and rules that underpin taxation systems How to calculate UK taxpayers’ total income How to calculate income tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) payable by UK taxpayers How to calculate capital gains tax payable by UK taxpayers The principles of inheritance tax Audit and Assurance (AUDT) The audit and assurance framework The importance of professional ethics How to evaluate the planning process for audit and assurance How to evaluate procedures for obtaining sufficient and appropriate evidence How to review and report findings Cash and Financial Management (CSFT) How to prepare forecasts for cash receipts and payments How to prepare cash budgets and monitor cash flows The importance of managing finance and liquidity Ways of raising finance and investing funds Regulations and organisational policies that influence decisions in managing cash and finance Credit and Debt Management (CRDM) The relevant legislation and contract law that impacts the credit control environment How information is used to assess credit risk and grant credit in compliance with organisational policies and procedures The organisation’s credit control processes for managing and collecting debts Different techniques available to collect debts How is this course assessed? The Level 4 course is assessed by unit assessments. Unit assessment The Level 4 course is assessed by unit assessments. A unit assessment only tests knowledge and skills taught in that unit. At Level 4 they are: Available on demand Scheduled by and sat at AAT approved assessment venues Marked by the AAT and the results are released after six weeks Getting your results Assessment results will be available in your MyAAT account when they are released. Grading To be awarded the AAT Level 4 Diploma in Accounting qualification you must achieve at least a 70% competency level in each unit assessment. Resits You can resit an assessment to improve your grade. Results from the assessment with the highest marks will be used to calculate your final grade. There are no resit restrictions or employer engagement requirements for any fee paying student on any of our AAT courses. What’s included, and what support will I get? Partnering with the best, you’ll always have access to market leading tutor led online learning modules and content developed by Kaplan and Osborne books. All day, every day for as long as you subscribe. Unlimited access to the AAT Level 4 content with the use of all other levels, allowing you to recap previous levels at no extra cost Instant access to our unique comprehensive Study Buddy learning guide Access to Consolidation and Progress Tests and computer and self marked Mock Exams. You’re fully supported with access to expert tutors, seven days a week, responding via email within four working hours You’ll be assigned a mentor to help and guide you through the order of subjects to study in, and check that the level you’re starting at is right for you. Your subscription includes all the online content you need to succeed, but if you want to supplement your learning with books, Eagle students get 50% off hard copy study materials. What could I do next? After you’ve passed this level, you can work in a variety of jobs including forensic accountant, tax manager, accountancy consultant, or finance analyst, earning salaries of up to £37,000 as you advance and gain experience. AAT full members (MAAT) and fellow members (FMAAT) are eligible for exemptions that allow you to take the fast track route to chartered accountant status. You can stay with the same training provider. Eagle offers affordable courses approved by the ACCA (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) to which you can subscribe. Additional costs You are required to become a member of the Association of Accounting Technicians (AAT) launch to fulfil your qualification. Fees associated with admission, and exam fees, are in addition to the cost of the course. Admission and membership fees are payable direct to AAT. Exam fees are paid to the exam centre. AAT One off Level 4 Registration Fee: £240 AAT Assessment Fees: £70 to £80 per unit but this can vary depending on where you sit your assessment. Please be aware that these are subject to change.

Learn how to use Macros in Excel to automate your work and start to see the power these can give you. Course overview Duration: 1 day (6.5 hours) Our Excel – Working with Macros course aims to show how macros can be used to automate commonly used commands and processes. This course is designed for existing experienced users of Excel. You should be confident creating and manipulating Excel spreadsheets and creating formulas before attending this course. Objectives By the end of the course you will be able to: Record and run macros Navigate within the Visual Basic Environment Edit pre-recorded macros Create your own functions Content Recording macros Accessing the Developer Tab Naming conventions and storage locations Recording macros Absolute and relative cell addressing Running macros Assigning macros to the Quick Access Toolbar Assigning macros to objects Creating new tabs Workbook macros Recording macros in a specific workbook Saving the workbook as an Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook Creating quick access items specific to workbooks Importing and manipulating data Importing Delimited Text Files Importing Fixed Width Text Files The Visual Basic environment Project explorer Code window Properties window Renaming modules Deleting modules Working with code Code structure Adding comments Navigating within your code Editing macro code Getting help with syntax Debugging Errors Using debug Function procedures Creating function macros

Drug safety monitoring and risk management are vitally important for medicinal product developers, licence holders and clinical investigators. In addition to their duty to protect public health, increasingly tight regulation and potentially massive payments to litigants provide strong incentives for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to ensure that they maintain efficient systems for drug safety / pharmacovigilance and that all staff are aware of the basic requirements. This course will provide them with an overview of the most important aspects of this discipline, both before and after marketing of products, especially as they apply in Europe and the USA.

Our 12-month training course provides everything you need to qualify in Tax Accounting. Once you have completed your training session you will gain an accredited certification. Certificate included in the cost Exam included in the cost CPD 12 CPD hours / pointsAccredited by The CPD Standards Office Description Boost your skills in Tax Accounting with this online diploma now available for students wanting to develop their career in accounting. Candidates who desire to make an impression are required to have an understanding of key UK Tax Accounting principles. What’s Included 12 months full access to the course content Professional certification Digital certification included Learn industry-leading skills and stand out from the crowd. Information-packed training starting from basics to advanced UK Tax Accounting techniques. Best suitable for beginners to advanced learners Course content designed by considering current techniques used by professionals teaching UK Tax Accounting Course Syllabus UK Taxation, Tax on Individuals Benefits and Allowances National Insurance & Income Tax Taxation in the UK PAYE, Payrolls and Wages Value Added Tax (VAT) Exporting and Importing goods and services Double Entry Accounting Management Accounting and Financial Analysis Tax Organizations and Standards *Terms Apply Assessment: To pass the course learners are required to successfully pass an online examination. Who is this course for? People who want to enter a career in finance Part Qualified, Freshly Qualified candidates Entry-Level candidates Students Currently Studying or intending to study UK Tax Accounting or want to refresh knowledge People who are already working in the industry but want to gain further knowledge Requirements There are no formal entry requirements for this course.