358 Courses in Cardiff delivered On Demand

Are you ready to elevate your career and become a key player in the world of business governance? Our Compliance and Risk Management course is designed to equip you with the essential skills and knowledge to navigate the complexities of today's regulatory landscape. This course is not just another step in your professional development - it's a game changer. According to Reed a Compliance Officer can earn from £25,000 to £30,000 in a year depending on qualification, experience, location and other factors. Don't miss this opportunity to become an indispensable asset to any organisation. Enrol in our Compliance and Risk Management course today and take the first step towards a safer, more compliant future. Key Features: CPD Certified Compliance and Risk Management course Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Compliance and Risk Management course Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum: Module 1: The Role of Compliance and its Significance Module 2: Elements and Structure of Compliance Module 3: Managing Compliance through Compliance Management System (CMS) Module 4: Conducting Compliance Audits Module 5: Interconnection between Compliance and Ethics Module 6: Types of Risk - Pure Risk and Financial Risk Module 7: Exploring the History, Operations, Policy, and Strategy of Risk Management Module 8: The Process, Monitoring, and Evaluation in Risk Management Learning Outcomes: Understand the pivotal role of compliance and its organizational implications. Analyze the structural components essential for an effective compliance framework. Implement a Compliance Management System for efficient regulatory adherence. Conduct comprehensive compliance audits to ensure organizational adherence to regulations. Recognize the intricate relationship between compliance practices and ethical considerations. Differentiate between pure and financial risks, demonstrating proficiency in risk management. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management - CPD Accredited 1:50:00 1: Module 1: The Role of Compliance and its Significance 11:00 2: Module 2: Elements and Structure of Compliance 17:00 3: Module 3: Managing Compliance through Compliance Management System (CMS) 14:00 4: Module 4: Conducting Compliance Audits 18:00 5: Module 5: Interconnection between Compliance and Ethics 14:00 6: Module 6: Types of Risk - Pure Risk and Financial Risk 11:00 7: Module 7: Exploring the History, Operations, Policy 13:00 8: Module 8: The Process, Monitoring, and Evaluation in Risk Management 10:00 9: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 10: Leave A Review 01:00 Who is this course for? This Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Compliance and Risk Management. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Professionals seeking in-depth knowledge of compliance and risk management. Executives responsible for ensuring regulatory compliance within their organizations. Risk management professionals aiming to enhance their strategic understanding. Individuals aspiring to pursue a career in compliance and risk management. Corporate decision-makers looking to strengthen their organizations' governance and risk protocols. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Managementcourse. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course. Career path After finishing this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management are: Compliance Officer Risk Analyst Regulatory Affairs Specialist Internal Auditor Ethics and Compliance Manager Risk Management Consultant Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Imagine diving into the world of Sustainable Agriculture Practices through the Farm to Table course. In today's modern world, understanding agriculture is crucial, not just for food production but for environmental sustainability and economic resilience. This course equips you with essential knowledge in agriculture, covering topics such as soil health, biodiversity, pest management, and sustainable livestock production. Learning these skills is paramount as they directly impact our daily lives-ensuring food security, promoting healthier ecosystems, and bolstering local economies. Moreover, acquiring expertise in sustainable agriculture opens doors to diverse career opportunities in the UK, where the demand for skilled professionals in agriculture is growing steadily. Salaries in this sector are competitive, reflecting the sector's importance and growth. The advantages of mastering these practices are clear: you become part of a sector that is expanding to meet global challenges, with projections showing a significant increase in agriculture-related jobs. Embrace this opportunity to make a meaningful impact and carve out a rewarding career path in sustainable agriculture. Key Features: CPD Certified Sustainable Agriculture Course Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Sustainable Agriculture Course Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum Module 01: Overview of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems Module 02: Soil Health and Conservation Practices Module 03: Biodiversity, Pest Management, and Agroecological Approaches Module 04: Sustainable Livestock Production and Considerations for Animal Welfare Module 05: Food Supply Chain Dynamics, Food Security Measures, and Local Economies Module 06: Exploration of Climate Change Impact, Innovation, and the Future in Sustainable Agriculture Learning Outcomes: Grasp sustainable agriculture fundamentals, fostering responsible farming practices. Implement soil health and conservation techniques for long-term agricultural sustainability. Apply biodiversity and agroecological methods, ensuring balanced and resilient ecosystems. Navigate sustainable livestock production, prioritizing animal welfare considerations in agriculture. Analyze food supply chain dynamics, integrating food security measures and supporting local economies. Evaluate climate change impact, fostering innovation for a resilient future in agriculture. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Sustainable Agriculture Practices: Farm to Table 2:06:42 1: Module 01: Overview of Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems Preview 19:53 2: Module 02: Soil Health and Conservation Practices 22:40 3: Module 03: Biodiversity, Pest Management, and Agroecological Approaches 23:11 4: Module 04: Sustainable Livestock Production 19:02 5: Module 05: Food Supply Chain Dynamics, Food Security Measures 20:58 6: Module 06: Exploration of Climate Change Impact, Innovation 19:58 7: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 Who is this course for? This Sustainable Agriculture course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Sustainable Agriculture. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Farmers and agricultural practitioners aiming for sustainable farming practices. Environmental enthusiasts interested in the intersection of agriculture and ecological balance. Food industry professionals seeking insights into sustainable supply chain practices. Students in agriculture and related fields exploring sustainable farming principles. Policy makers and advocates working towards promoting sustainable agriculture practices. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Sustainable Agriculture course. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Sustainable Agriculture course. Career path After finishing this Sustainable Agriculture course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Sustainable Agriculture are: Agricultural Sustainability Consultant - £30K to 45K/year. Organic Farm Manager - £25K to 35K Food Supply Chain Analyst - £28K to 40K Climate Change Researcher (Agriculture Focus) - £32K to 50K Agroecologist - £26K to 38K Certificates Digital certificate Digital certificate - Included Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

Saving the environment is saving humankind, but how will you do it without any knowledge of it? A comprehensive course on Environmental Law is essential for anyone interested in understanding the legal framework for environmental protection and sustainability. This course provides a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of environmental law, from the legal system to international and national environmental legislation. The course covers a wide range of topics, including the basics of environmental law, the role of international and national environmental organisations, the economics of environmental protection, and the impact of climate change on the environment. It also covers the importance of environmental impact assessments, nature conservation, and the role of international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement in promoting sustainable development. The course also covers the compliance and governance of environmental law, including the right to information, participation, and justice. Finally, the course covers the enforcement of environmental law and the various mechanisms available to ensure compliance with environmental regulations. This course is designed for students and professionals in the fields of law, environmental science, policy, and economics. It is also suitable for anyone interested in learning more about environmental law and the legal framework for environmental protection. With a combination of theoretical and practical knowledge, this course provides a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of environmental law and its role in promoting sustainability and protecting the environment. Enroll in this course today and become well versed in Environmental Law, equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to tackle the pressing environmental issues of our time. Learning Outcome After completing this course, you will gain: Understanding of the legal system and how it relates to environmental law. Knowledge of environmental law and its various components. Awareness of environmental organisations and responsibilities of international organisations in promoting environmental protection. Understanding of environmental economics. Knowledge of enforcement mechanisms or enforcing environmental law. Along with the Environmental Law course, you also get: Lifetime Access Unlimited Retake Exam & Tutor Support Easy Accessibility to the Course Materials- Anytime, Anywhere - From Any Smart Device (Laptop, Tablet, Smartphone Etc.) 100% Learning Satisfaction Guarantee Learn at your own pace from the comfort of your home, as the rich learning materials of this course are accessible from any place at any time. The curriculums are divided into tiny bite-sized modules by industry specialists. And you will get answers to all your queries from our experts. So, enrol and excel in your career with Compliance Central. Course Curriculum Legal System What Is Environmental Law International Environment Law Environmental Organisations National Environmental Legacy Act The Environment And Economics Part 1 The Environment And Economics Part 2 Climate Change Environmental Impact Assessment Nature Conservation Kyoto Protocol And Paris Agreement Sustainable Development Compliance And Governance Of Law Right To Information, Participation And Justice Enforcement Of Environmental Law CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? Anybody who enjoys learning new skills can enrol in this Environmental Law course. This Environmental Law course is suitable for - Policy Makers Environmental science students Environment Researchers Health Professionals Anyone who cares about the Environment and Ecology Requirements To enrol in this Environmental Law course, all you need is a basic understanding of the English Language and an internet connection. Career path After completing this course, you can research and look into in-demand professions associated with environmental law. Teacher/Researcher Environmental Activist Environmental Lawyer Nature Safety Worker Biodiversity Specialist According to the survey, an environmental lawyer's average salary is around £60,000 annually. Certificates CPD Accredited PDF Certificate Digital certificate - Included CPD Accredited PDF Certificate CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Hard copy certificate - £10.79 CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Delivery Charge: Inside the UK: Free Outside of the UK: £9.99 each

Just as a detective meticulously investigates a case, equips you with the skills to manage Compliance Systems. You become the Sherlock Holmes of corporate structure, ensuring every element aligns seamlessly with our Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management. Step into the shoes of an auditor, peeling back layers to unveil any lurking irregularities. The narrative takes an ethical turn, where you grapple with the moral compass guiding compliance. Uncover the many faces of risk management, and later modules act as your guide through the intricate process of risk management, transforming you into a vigilant guardian of corporate stability. Join us on this riveting adventure, where knowledge becomes your compass and resilience your armour. Key Features This Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management Course Includes: This Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management Course is CPD Certified Free Certificate from Reed CIQ Approved Compliance and Risk Management Course Developed by Specialist Lifetime Access Course Curriculum Module 01 Overview of Compliance Module 02 The 5 Core Components of Compliance Module 03 Managing Compliance Systems (CMS) Module 04 Conducting Compliance Audits Module 05 Ethics in Compliance Module 06 Understanding Risk and Its Types Module 07 Basics of Risk Management Module 08 The Process of Risk Management Learning Outcomes After completing this Compliance and Risk Management Course, you will be able to: Demonstrate understanding of compliance principles through practical application in scenarios. Identify core components of compliance and integrate them into organisational processes. Implement and manage Compliance Management Systems (CMS) for effective regulatory adherence. Conduct thorough compliance audits using established methodologies and reporting techniques for risk management. Evaluate ethical considerations within compliance frameworks and make informed ethical decisions. Apply risk management principles to identify, assess, and mitigate potential risks. Certification After completing this Compliance and Risk Management Course, you will get a free Certificate. Please note: The CPD approved course is owned by E-Learning Solutions Ltd and is distributed under license. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by The CPD Certification Service Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management 1:44:33 1: Module 01: Overview of Compliance 07:51 2: Module 02: The 5 Core Components of Compliance 13:20 3: Module 03: Managing Compliance Systems (CMS) 12:04 4: Module 04: Conducting Compliance Audits 17:42 5: Module 05: Ethics in Compliance 16:32 6: Module 06: Understanding Risk and Its Types 12:01 7: Module 07: Basics of Risk Management 13:47 8: Module 08: The Process of Risk Management 09:16 9: CPD Certificate - Free 01:00 10: Leave A Review 01:00 Who is this course for? This Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course is accessible to anyone eager to learn more about this topic. Through this course, you'll gain a solid understanding of Compliance and Risk Management. Moreover, this course is ideal for: Professionals seeking comprehensive knowledge in compliance and risk management. Individuals aiming to enhance their skills for regulatory compliance roles. Managers responsible for implementing compliance systems within their organisations. Auditors looking to specialise in compliance audit procedures and methodologies. Ethical decision-makers committed to incorporating ethical practices into compliance frameworks. Requirements There are no requirements needed to enrol into this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Managementcourse. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds and levels of experience to enrol into this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course. Career path After finishing this Certificate in Compliance and Risk Management course you will have multiple job opportunities waiting for you. Some of the following Job sectors of Compliance and Risk Management are: Compliance Officer Risk Analyst Regulatory Affairs Specialist Audit Manager Ethics and Compliance Manager Risk Management Consultant Certificates Reed Courses Certificate of Completion Digital certificate - Included Will be downloadable when all lectures have been completed.

***Become an Import/Export & Logistics Management Specialist*** Did you know that the global trade of goods and services reached a record high of $28.5 trillion in 2023? This interconnected world relies heavily on efficient Import/Export & Logistics Management. This comprehensive CPD-accredited course equips you with the theoretical knowledge and understanding to excel in this dynamic field. This course is designed to provide you with a thorough understanding of the entire import/export process, logistics operations, and supply chain management principles. Through a series of engaging modules, you'll gain the theoretical foundation to navigate the complexities of international trade and ensure the smooth flow of goods across borders. Courses Include : Course 01: Import/Export Course 02: Logistics Management Course 03: Supply Chain Management Learning Outcomes By the end of this Import/Export & Logistics Management course, you will be able to: Demonstrate a thorough understanding of international trade principles and practices. Analyze and navigate the regulatory environment for import/export activities. Apply effective strategies for import/export documentation and compliance. Develop a comprehensive understanding of logistics management concepts and their application in the global supply chain. Identify and evaluate different transportation modes for international cargo movement. Implement effective risk management strategies for import/export operations. Key Highlights of the Import/Export & Logistics Management from Compliance Central: Lifetime access to Import/Export & Logistics Management materials Full tutor support is available from Monday to Friday with the Import/Export & Logistics Management Learn Import/Export & Logistics Management skills at your own pace from the comfort of your home Gain a complete understanding of Import/Export & Logistics Management Accessible, informative Import/Export & Logistics Management learning modules designed by expert instructors Get 24/7 help or advice from our email and live chat teams with the Import/Export & Logistics Management bundle Study Import/Export & Logistics Management in your own time through your computer, tablet or mobile device. A 100% learning satisfaction guarantee with your Import/Export & Logistics Management Improve your chance of gaining in demand skills and better earning potential by completing the Import/Export & Logistics Management This course is designed to provide a comprehensive exploration of Import/Export & Logistics Management. Course 01: Import/Export Delve into the intricacies of international trade. Gain a solid understanding of import/export regulations, trade finance mechanisms, incoterms (international commerce terms), and trade agreements. Explore various international trade policies and their impact on global commerce. Course 02: Logistics Management Master the art of efficient and cost-effective movement of goods. This course explores various logistics functions, including transportation management, warehousing, inventory control, and international freight forwarding. Learn how to optimize logistics operations for global supply chains. Course 03: Supply Chain Management Gain insights into the strategic coordination of a product's lifecycle from sourcing raw materials to final delivery. Explore key supply chain management concepts, such as forecasting, procurement, demand planning, and vendor management. CPD 20 CPD hours / points Accredited by CPD Quality Standards Who is this course for? This Import/Export & Logistics Management course is ideal for: Professionals seeking to understand the theoretical aspects of Import/Export & Logistics Management. Individuals aiming for careers in logistics and supply chain management. Students pursuing studies in international trade and logistics. Business owners looking to enhance their knowledge of import/export operations. Policy makers interested in the regulatory aspects of global trade. Academics researching in the field of logistics and supply chain management. Requirements To enrol in this Import/Export & Logistics Management course, all you need is a basic understanding of the English Language and an internet connection. Career path A successful completion of this Import/Export & Logistics Management course can open doors to a variety of rewarding career paths, including: Import/Export Specialist Logistics Coordinator Freight Forwarder Supply Chain Analyst Customs Broker International Trade Specialist Procurement Manager Certificates 3 CPD Accredited PDF Certificate Digital certificate - Included Each CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Hard copy certificate - £10.79 CPD Accredited Hard Copy Certificate Delivery Charge: Inside the UK: Free Outside of the UK: £9.99 each

Embark on a creative journey with our Candle Making Diploma. Unlock the art and science of crafting exquisite candles with our comprehensive online course. Learn essential techniques, explore diverse styles, and master the secrets of creating beautiful, fragrant candles. Elevate your skills, ignite your passion, and earn a Candle Making Diploma that shines as brightly as your handcrafted creations. Enroll now to illuminate your path to a world of endless candle-making possibilities!

In today’s data-driven world, understanding business analysis is less of a luxury and more of a necessity. This CPD Accredited Business Analysis Course offers a sharp and focused route to learning the essentials of evaluating business needs, improving processes, and guiding decision-makers with clarity and precision. Whether you're aiming to boost your analytical thinking or brush up on frameworks used across various industries, this course speaks the language of business with just the right amount of logic and flair. With engaging modules and a no-fluff approach, you’ll explore the core pillars of business analysis, from stakeholder communication to requirement gathering and data interpretation. Designed for curious minds who appreciate structure over jargon, this online course balances clarity with depth. It's tailored to suit professionals at different stages of their career—minus the clichés, unnecessary metaphors, or lofty promises. Just smart learning, well delivered. Course Curriculum: Module 01: An Introduction to Business Analysis Module 02: The Necessity of a Business Analyst Module 03: Addressing Requirements Module 04: Needs Assessment Module 05: Business Analysis Planning Module 06: Strategy Analysis Module 07: Stakeholder Analysis Module 08: Requirements Elicitation Module 09: Requirements Analysis Module 10: Traceability and Monitoring Module 11: Solution Evaluation Course Assessment You will immediately be given access to a specifically crafted MCQ test upon completing Business Analysis - CPD Accredited course. For each test, the pass mark will be set to 60%. Accredited Certificate After successfully completing this Business Analysis - CPD Accredited course, you will qualify for the CPD Quality Standards (CPD QS) certified certificate from Training Express. CPD 10 CPD hours / points Accredited by The CPD Quality Standards (CPD QS) Who is this course for? The Business Analysis - CPD Accredited training is ideal for highly motivated individuals or teams who want to enhance their skills and efficiently skilled employees. Requirements There are no formal entry requirements for the course, with enrollment open to anyone! Career path Learn the essential skills and knowledge you need to excel in your professional life with the help & guidance from our Business Analysis - CPD Accredited training.

AI in Project Management: The Next Generation of Project Decision Making Project managers need to make critical project decisions on a daily basis. They are confronted with increasing complexities, high ambiguity and the need to process an exponentially growing amount of data and information in order to make informed and good decisions. This leads to an increasing risk of project failure - meanwhile, the project management industry is already challenged with ongoing low project success rates, caused by often massive failures of projects. Project Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are expected to fill the gap by providing analytical and unbiased capabilities that go beyond human possibilities, towards a data-driven and fact-based decision-making approach. While there is little doubt that AI as a trending technology will disrupt the project management practice and augment today's project management capabilities, AI cannot be seen as just another new tool to make project management more effective. Rather, AI will act as a complement to human intelligence, requiring a collaborative approach and, accordingly, a significant change in project culture and peoples' mindset. Today's project decisions are usually driven by human intuition, experience, leadership, and often do not follow any rational logic. Project decision-makers will be required to abandon such an approach and shift to a data-driven, decision-making approach. This session will provide an overview of the expected changes from AI-driven project management, the resulting impact on project decision making and changes in project culture, and what actions can be taken by project professionals to match their beliefs and behaviours with the new project culture. Learning goals: Gain insights into how AI for project management will significantly change decision-making in projects Gain an understanding of how to transition to a new AI-powered project culture

Inclusivity is something a lot of organizational leaders say they want, but what about restrooms? Gender-neutral restrooms are a great way to make sure that everyone feels welcome, understood, and respected in your organization. There are multiple approaches to making the change, and while some take more effort than others, it is worth it for the inclusion benefits it provides. This video is great for HR professionals, managers, and decision-makers in a company. Length: 3:39 Learning Objectives Acknowledge the importance of gender-neutral restrooms in promoting inclusivity and understanding the needs of transgender, non-binary, and diverse individuals in the workplace.;Recognize how gender-neutral restrooms are designed to prioritize safety, privacy, and comfort for all users, with an emphasis on individual stalls and appropriate signage.;Develop strategies to address objections and encourage open dialogue, ultimately fostering a more inclusive and accepting workplace that respects the diverse needs and experiences of all individuals.

Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Online Introducing Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course "Empowering the Next Generation" Online course! This Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course provides a thorough introduction to the primary functions and objectives of business analysis: business analysis activities. Learn about the business analyst's main duties and responsibilities, as well as the six primary phases of the business analysis: business analysis process, the art of effective business process improvement, and how to perform a gap analysis. Whether you are looking for a promotion or a major career change, this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course could make all the difference. Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course are responsible for implementing positive change at all levels of an organisation. The business analyst, appointed by both employers and stakeholders, must establish objectives (financial or otherwise) and oversee the creation and implementation of solutions. Ultimately, they work with complex business intelligence data to continuously improve performance and profitability. To become a skilled business analyst is to become one of the most in-demand commodities for employers and decision-makers worldwide. Why choose this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course from the School of Health Care? Self-paced Autism: Autism course, access available from anywhere in the world. Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course developed by industry experts. After each module of Autism: Autism Course, there will be an MCQ quiz to assess your learning. Free PDF certificate after completing the Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Courses you will Get with This Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Course 01: Business Analysis Course 02: Business Process Management Course 03: Creating a Business Start-Up Course 04: Level 3 Business Administration Course 05: Strategic Management Special Offers of this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course: This Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course includes a FREE PDF Certificate. Lifetime access to this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Instant access to this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course 24/7 Support Available to this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course [ Note: Free PDF certificate as soon as completing Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course] Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Online This Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course consists of 12 modules. This Business Analysis: Business Analysis course is your gateway to mastering the skills needed to drive positive change in organisations. As a business analyst, you'll be responsible for setting objectives, whether financial or operational, and overseeing the creation of solutions. Through this Business Analysis: Business Analysis course, you’ll learn how to work with complex business intelligence data to improve performance and profitability. Becoming a skilled professional in Business Analysis: Business Analysis makes you an in-demand asset for employers and decision-makers globally. Who is this course for? Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Online This Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course is suitable for anyone looking to take a current or prospective career in business to the next level. Requirements Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Online To enrol in this Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course, students must fulfil the following requirements: Good Command over English language is mandatory to enrol in our Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course. Be energetic and self-motivated to complete our Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course. Basic computer Skill is required to complete our Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course. If you want to enrol in our Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course, you must be at least 15 years old. Career path Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course Online A Business Analysis: Business Analysis Course may prepare you for a successful career in practically any corporate environment.