1243 Courses in London

Why Learn AutoCAD 3D Basics-Advanced Training Course? Course Link Learn 3D modeling, materials, lighting, and rendering, and parametric models. Learn real-world Architecture, products, mechanics. Enroll for in-person or online sessions to master AutoCAD 3D. Duration: 16 hrs Method: 1-on-1 Schedule: Tailor your own schedule by pre-booking a convenient hour of your choice, available from Mon to Sat between 9 am and 7 pm. "Dial 02077202581 or WhatsApp 07970325184 to reserve your preferred dates and times.  AutoCAD 3D Basics-Advanced Level 1-2-1 Training Course: Comprehensive coverage from basics to advanced techniques. Suitable for beginners and those advancing their 3D modeling skills. Personalized attention in a private learning environment. Experienced instructors with expertise in 3D modeling. Hands-on practice for confident 3D modeling. Flexible scheduling and lifetime email support. Certificate upon course completion for career advancement AutoCAD 3D Basics-Advanced Level 1-2-1 Training Course: Comprehensive coverage from basics to advanced techniques. Suitable for beginners and those advancing their 3D modeling skills. Personalized attention in a private learning environment. Experienced instructors with expertise in 3D modeling. Hands-on practice for confident 3D modeling. Flexible scheduling and lifetime email support. Certificate upon course completion for career advancement AutoCAD 3D Basics to Advanced Level Training Course Outline (10 hours): Session 1: Introduction to 3D Modeling (2 hours) Understanding 3D modeling concepts Working in the 3D Modeling Workspace Drawing 3D objects with Solid tools Extruding 2D polylines to create 3D objects Session 2: Advanced 3D Features and UCS (2 hours) Setting up AutoCAD for advanced 3D modeling Mastering the User Coordinate System (UCS) Using viewports to aid in 3D drawing Efficient modeling with Array tools Session 3: Rendering and Visualization (2 hours) Testing rendering techniques Creating a quick study rendering Simulating natural lighting and the sun Enhancing 3D models with materials and lights Session 4: Editing 3D Solids and Mesh Modeling (2 hours) Understanding solid modeling principles Creating and editing basic solid forms Editing 3D solids and streamlining 2D drawing process Exploring 3D mesh modeling and editing The AutoCAD 3D training course provides a comprehensive understanding of 3D modeling, visualization, and rendering. Participants will learn to create complex 3D models, render realistic visuals, and efficiently customize the AutoCAD interface for improved productivity. Master 3D Modeling: From basics to advanced techniques. Realistic Rendering: Achieve lifelike visualizations. Professional Presentations: Dynamic walkthroughs and showcases. Enhanced Career Opportunities: Stronger prospects in design fields. Personalized Learning: One-to-one attention for focused training. Practical Hands-On Practice: Building confidence in 3D modeling. Lifetime Email Support: Ongoing assistance beyond the course. Certification: Proof of proficiency in AutoCAD 3D modeling.

Writing and Managing Requirements Documents This course is part of IIL's Business Analysis Certificate Program (BACP), a program designed to help prepare individuals pass the IIBA™ Certification exam to become a Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP™). Learn more at www.iil.com/bacp. Once a business analyst has completed the information gathering and analysis to produce the solution to a business problem, the results must be documented for all stakeholders to see and understand. This course will enhance the skill set needed for writing and managing the complex readership that business analysts interact with on a day-to-day basis. What you will Learn Upon completion, participants will be able to: Write an understood requirements document that is approvable and acceptable Validate a requirements document Manage the changes to requirements documents through the SDLC Foundation Concepts The role of the business analyst An introduction to the BABOK® Guide The business analyst and the product/project life cycle The requirements documentation process Planning for Effective Requirements Documentation Overview of requirements planning Planning for validation Planning for verification: well-formed criteria Planning for verification: understood and usable criteria Writing Effective Requirements Documents Overview of writing requirements documents Using a standard structure / template Applying formatting techniques Meeting the challenge of writing non-functional requirements Baselining Requirements Documents Overview of the requirements baseline process Validation Verification Approval Managing Requirements Change through the Product Life Cycle Overview of requirements change management Establishing a formal change management process Tracing requirements through design and development (build, test, and implementation) Following through to post-implementation (transition and early production)

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Course Title: 3ds Max Essential Training Course Perfect for novice 3ds Max users, our Essentials Training Course, hosted by an Autodesk Certified Trainer, equips you with core skills for creating 3D models and animations. Click here for more info: Website Duration: 16 hours Method: 1-on-1, Personalized Attention, Tailored Content, Flexible Pace, Individual Support Schedule: Tailor your own schedule by pre-booking a convenient hours, available from Mon to Sat between 9 am and 7 pm. Course Highlights: Comprehensive Learning: Covering 3ds Max from the basics, including interface navigation and customization, to essential skills for professional 3D modeling and animations. Expert Guidance: Certified tutors and industry experts provide personalized attention, ensuring a deep understanding of 3D concepts. Flexible Scheduling: Tailor the learning experience to your pace and preferences, with one-on-one sessions available from Monday to Sunday. Interactive Learning: Engage in hands-on exercises and practical projects, enhancing your skills in a real-world context. Job Opportunities: Upon completion, students can pursue careers as: 3D Modelers: Creating detailed 3D models for games, movies, or architectural visualization. Animation Artists: Designing engaging animations for various media platforms. Visual Effects (VFX) Artists: Working on special effects for films, TV shows, and commercials. Architectural Visualizers: Producing realistic architectural renders for construction and design projects. Game Designers: Developing immersive game environments and characters. Recommended Reading: "3ds Max 2022 for Beginners" by CADFolks: A beginner-friendly guide covering fundamental concepts and techniques in 3ds Max. "Mastering Autodesk 3ds Max 2022" by Nicholas Boughen: A comprehensive resource for mastering advanced features and workflows in 3ds Max. "The Animator's Survival Kit" by Richard Williams: A classic animation guide providing valuable insights for aspiring animators. These books offer valuable knowledge and techniques, complementing the skills learned in the course and aiding in future career endeavors. Upon completing the 3ds Max Basic to Fundamentals Training Course, participants will: Master 3ds Max Tools: Gain a deep understanding of the software interface, tools, and navigation, enabling efficient 3D modeling and animation. Create Complex Models: Develop proficiency in creating intricate 3D models, including objects, characters, and architectural elements, using various modeling techniques. Apply Realistic Textures: Learn to apply textures, maps, and materials to enhance the realism of 3D models, understanding diffuse, bump, and reflective materials. Perfect Lighting and Rendering: Acquire skills in setting up various lights, environment lighting, and global illumination for realistic renderings, optimizing rendering settings for quality output. Animate with Precision: Master keyframe animation, path animation, and constraints, bringing 3D scenes to life with smooth and accurate motion. Understand Dynamics and Simulations: Explore basic dynamics and simulations, including particle systems, creating dynamic and interactive 3D environments. Problem-Solve Creatively: Develop problem-solving skills for common challenges in 3D design, using innovative techniques and tools. Professional Project Execution: Apply learned skills to real-world projects, ensuring a professional approach to 3D modeling, animation, and visualization. By the end of the course, participants will be equipped with the knowledge and skills to confidently create visually stunning 3D models, animations, and visualizations, making them proficient 3ds Max users ready for diverse industry applications. Course Highlights: Comprehensive Learning: Covering 3ds Max from the basics, including interface navigation and customization, to essential skills for professional 3D modeling and animations. Expert Guidance: Certified tutors and industry experts provide personalized attention, ensuring a deep understanding of 3D concepts. Flexible Scheduling: Tailor the learning experience to your pace and preferences, with one-on-one sessions available from Monday to Sunday. Interactive Learning: Engage in hands-on exercises and practical projects, enhancing your skills in a real-world context. Job Opportunities: Upon completion, students can pursue careers as: 3D Modelers: Creating detailed 3D models for games, movies, or architectural visualization. Animation Artists: Designing engaging animations for various media platforms. Visual Effects (VFX) Artists: Working on special effects for films, TV shows, and commercials. Architectural Visualizers: Producing realistic architectural renders for construction and design projects. Game Designers: Developing immersive game environments and characters. Recommended Reading: "3ds Max 2022 for Beginners" by CADFolks: A beginner-friendly guide covering fundamental concepts and techniques in 3ds Max. "Mastering Autodesk 3ds Max 2022" by Nicholas Boughen: A comprehensive resource for mastering advanced features and workflows in 3ds Max. "The Animator's Survival Kit" by Richard Williams: A classic animation guide providing valuable insights for aspiring animators. These books offer valuable knowledge and techniques, complementing the skills learned in the course and aiding in future career endeavors. Receive ongoing email support for a lifetime. Access comprehensive handouts and valuable documents. Explore flexible financial support choices, including installment plans and funding through job center plus and DWP (Contact us for specifics). Rest assured with our money-back guarantee: If you're dissatisfied after your initial session, we address your concerns and provide a refund if necessary (Terms and conditions may apply). Get help with computer optimization to enhance software performance in Autocad, 3ds Max, and Photoshop on both PC platforms. Benefit from our industry connections, facilitating portfolio promotion and job opportunities.

Copper cabling systems training course description A hands on training course covering installation, termination and testing of copper cables in an internal environment. The course covers all copper cabling but hands on sessions focus on unshielded Twisted Pair. What will you learn Recognise different copper cables and when to use them. Install and terminate UTP cables. Test and certify UTP cables. Copper cabling systems training course details Who will benefit: Professional cable installers. Prerequisites: None Duration 2 days Copper cabling systems training course contents Communications principles Use of cables in data networks, Use of cables in telephone networks, conductors and insulators, current, resistance, voltage and Ohms law. Copper cabling per cabling Coaxial versus twisted pair. UTP and STP. Cat 5, 5e, 6 and 7. Straight through, cross over, others. Hands on: Building a simple network. Cable termination Cable termination Preparing cables for termination, termination techniques, termination tools. Wiring standards, colour codes. Hands on: Making your own cables and using them in the simple network. Cable architectures Structure cabling system components, topologies, horizontal wiring, vertical wiring, telecomms rooms, server rooms. Hubs, switches and routers implications. Trunking. Cabling documentation, symbols and abbreviations. Hands on: punch blocks, testing continuity. Cable installation Site surveys: pathways and spaces, support structures, distance limitations. Recommended installation practices, laying and setup, retrofits. Health and safety factors, fire and building codes. Hands on: Performing a site survey, installing cable with floor boxes. Testing Basic testing, volt meters, tone set, Cat 5 testers, Cat 5e testers, Cat 6 testers. Certifying performance, Cat 5, 5e and 6 performance parameters. External factors. Common faults. Hands on: Testing an installation, troubleshooting faults. Other aspects Telephony cables, shielded cables. Hands on: installing telephone cable, testing continuity.

Change Management Practitioner A successful Practitioner candidate should, with suitable direction, be able to start applying the Change Management™ approaches and techniques to a real change initiative; however, s/he may not be sufficiently skilled to do this appropriately for all situations. His/her individual Change Management expertise, complexity of the change initiative, and the support provided for the use of Change Management approaches in their work environment will all be factors that impact what the Practitioner can achieve. This course will further develop some of the knowledge of Change Management learned during the Foundation certification. You will consider what learning is required and how best to design and deliver it. Then the course will provide an understanding of how Change Management fits into the project management environment. A major challenge with change is making it stick. The course will show how to sustain change by understanding the levers for change, models of adoption, and reinforcing systems. This course also prepares you for the APMG Change Management Practitioner exam. Given that a primary course goal is to achieve the Practitioner Certification, daily homework assignments and practice exams will be provided. The Practitioner-level exam is taken at the end of the second day of the Traditional Classroom course. What You Will Learn You'll learn how to: Understand the key principles in defining what is to be learned by all involved in a change initiative Describe the project environment in which change is governed and delivered Understand the organizational 'levers', adoption approaches, and reinforcing systems typically used to sustain change Improve your ability to pass the APMG Change Management Practitioner Certification exam Getting Started Introductions Course structure Course goals and objectives Learning and Change Defining and managing the required learning to enable change The Project Management Environment Understanding the project environment Identifying key roles Developing a change delivery plan Sustaining Change How levers enable the adoption of change Types of levers (Environmental levers, Leadership levers, and Organizational Development levers) Models of adoption and reinforcing systems APMG Change Management Practitioner Exam Preparation Review of and practice with APMG sample questions and test papers APMG Change Management Practitioner Exam Traditional Classroom: The exam is taken and submitted to APMG for marking. Virtual Classroom: The exam is scheduled by the Participant and taken subsequent to the course.

BGP training course description A detailed study of BGP, from the basics of how it works through to advanced issues such as route reflectors, policy, filtering, route selection and routing registries. The course culminates with a study of an industrial strength BGP template illustrating important issues such as bogon filtering. Practical hands on with routers follow the major sessions to reinforce the theory. A multiple choice exam, leading to the LAIT III certification, is available after the course. The exam consists of 60 questions and lasts 2 hours. What will you learn Connect enterprises to the Internet, and ISPs to each other. Describe how BGP works. List, describe and configure the main BGP attributes. Implement and troubleshoot BGP. Work with route aggregation and calculate CIDR prefixes in seconds. Influence traffic paths with BGP. BGP training course details Who will benefit: Anyone who will be working with BGP. Prerequisites: TCP/IP Foundation for engineers Definitive IP routing for engineers. Duration 5 days BGP training course contents Basic BGP IGPs, EGPs, What's BGP? BGP RIB, in/out process, tables peers, adding routes. Hands on Simple configuration and troubleshooting. The Internet and peering ASs, AS numbers, Internet structure, ISP types, ISP network design, IXs, peering vs. transit, public/ private peering, bi/multi-lateral peering. Hands on AS information gathering. How BGP works Incremental updates, Path vector protocols, BGP protocol stack, the BGP header, message types, NLRI, withdrawn routes, route refresh, route dampening. Hands on More troubleshooting, packet analysis. MBGP and IPv6 Multiprotocol routing, AFI, SAFI, MBGP and multicasts, IPv6, MPLS VPNs. Hands on IPv6 BGPv4 aggregation CIDR, benefits, techniques, shortcuts, configuring BGP aggregation, leaking routes. Hands on Reducing routing table size. BGP path selection BGP attributes, attribute types, route selection order, Local preference, AS prepend, MEDs. Hands on Influencing traffic with BGP. BGP routing policies What is policy? Examples, route filtering, AS filtering, REs, applying preference selectively, peer groups. Hands on Sophisticated policies. RIPE and routing registries RIRs, Allocations, assignments, PI vs. PA. Objects, RPSL, routing registry, Hands on The RIPE database. Automating BGP configuration Automation tools, whois, IRRToolSet, Bogon lists, tracking bogon lists, HTTP, Peering, routing registries, DNS. Communities What is a community? Community names, communities for: peer types and geography. RFC 1998, default communities. Hands on Setting local preference on other routers. Route servers What are route servers? LINX route servers, route server policy control, What are route collectors, Looking glasses. Hands on Setting up and working with a route server. Peer relationships IBGP, EBGP, next hop self, advertising routes into/out of BGP, synchronisation. Hands on IBGP, troubleshooting a large BGP network. Route reflectors and confederations Full mesh IBGP, Route reflectors, RR configuration and design, confederations, migration issues. Hands on RR configuration. BGP architectures Stub vs. transit AS, when to use BGP, multihoming strategies and issues, default routes. Multihop EBGP, load balancing. Hands on Multihoming. BGP security RFC 7454, security steps, BGP TTL security, filters, RPKI, ROAs, rsync, rrdp, validators. A secure BGP template. Hands on RPKI prefix validation.

As the field of skin technology and products continues to evolve, skin peels have undergone a remarkable resurgence in popularity. These treatments, also known as "chemical" peels, harness the advancements in specialised products to exfoliate the skin and eliminate dead cells, providing remarkable results while ensuring client comfort. Our course will introduce you to a variety of natural acids, such as glycolic, lactic, and salicylic acid, which are used in modern skin peels. You'll learn the art of mixing peels and working with pre-mixed products, enabling you to customise treatments to address specific skincare concerns and conditions. Our comprehensive training will empower you to confidently combine various skin peels, enhancing the effectiveness of your existing facial treatments. By extending the efficacy of your services, you'll provide your clients with exceptional results and a rejuvenated complexion. Moreover, you'll gain a deep understanding of the science behind skin peels, allowing you to educate your clients on the benefits and guide them towards achieving their skincare goals. Join our Skin Peel Course and unlock the potential of these innovative treatments. With our expert guidance, you'll acquire the expertise and knowledge to become a trusted skincare professional. Course Entry Requirements:  Minimum of 18 years Good command of English Previous skin and facial training are desirable; we suggest that learners new to the industry enrol on our facial and skincare course before enrolling on our ClinicCare skin peel course. Course Pre-Study/Practical & Length: This course is a combination of theory study, virtual lectures and onsite practical  Course Agenda: All courses are intimate with four learners in class 2-1 ratio. Areas covered within this course are: Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin  Infection control  Sharps and hazardous waste Pre-study chemical peel theory Practical training 1 model  Professional live demonstrations Clinical setup Acids covered in this course: Glycolic acid Kojic acid Lactic acid Enzyme peels Mandelic acid  Arbutin Phytic Acid Salicylic acid Equipment / Starter Kits A professional starter kit can be purchased with this course. The kit costs 200 and is an additional cost to the training fees. Key Information A very popular treatment that is growing in popularity. Quick appointments. Minimal downtime which produces quality results. We gear the training around the use of the Clinicare brand which is well-known, reputable and produces effective results. Training in chemical skin peels is the first step for many beauty therapists to become aestheticians. 8 types of chemical peels are covered in this training course, providing you with the knowledge and skills to help clients with a wide range of skin concerns. The course offers hands-on practical training in a small group setting, allowing for personalised instruction and support from the instructor. The course covers a comprehensive curriculum, including the theory behind chemical peels and their various types, as well as practical application techniques. Upon completion, participants will receive a certificate of achievement that demonstrates their newfound knowledge and skills. The use of the Clinicare brand in the training program ensures that participants are learning with products that are highly effective and widely recognised in the beauty industry. The combination of e-learning and practical training provides participants with a well-rounded educational experience, allowing them to build their knowledge and confidence in a convenient and flexible manner. Chemical skin peels are in high demand, making this training program a valuable investment for anyone looking to expand their skills and grow their business. The course is accredited by ABT & CPD, providing participants with the assurance that the training is of high quality and meets industry standards. Course Benefits Benefits for Students Expertise in Skin Rejuvenation: By completing this training course, you will gain in-depth knowledge of chemical skin peels and their application. You will learn various peel types, their effects on the skin, and how to select the appropriate peel for different skin concerns. This expertise will enable you to provide effective treatments and achieve remarkable results for your clients. Versatility in Treating Skin Concerns: Chemical skin peels can address a wide range of skin concerns, including acne, hyperpigmentation, fine lines, and uneven skin texture. By enrolling in this course, you will acquire the skills to tailor treatments to meet individual client needs, helping them achieve healthier, smoother, and more radiant skin. Advanced Techniques and Safety: Our training course focuses on the latest techniques and safety protocols in performing chemical skin peels. You will learn about skin assessment, pre-treatment preparation, peel application methods, post-treatment care, and potential complications. This knowledge will ensure the safety of your clients and enhance your professional credibility. Practical Hands-on Experience: Practical training is an essential component of our course. You will have the opportunity to practice chemical skin peel techniques on models under the guidance of experienced instructors. This hands-on experience will boost your confidence and proficiency in performing the treatments. Benefits for Clients Personalised Treatment Plans: With your comprehensive understanding of chemical skin peels, you will be able to assess clients' skin concerns and develop customised treatment plans. This tailored approach will address their specific needs, leading to more effective and satisfactory results. Improved Skin Texture and Appearance: Chemical skin peels can significantly improve skin texture, reduce hyperpigmentation, diminish acne scars, and minimise the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Your expertise in performing these treatments will help clients achieve smoother, clearer, and more youthful-looking skin. Confidence and Trust: Clients will have confidence in your abilities as a trained professional in chemical skin peels. Your knowledge of different peel types and their effects, along with your commitment to safety, will build trust and assurance in your clients, creating a positive treatment experience. Earning Potential Your earning potential can increase after completing the Chemical Skin Peels (ClinicCare) Training Course: Expanded Service Offerings: With expertise in chemical skin peels, you can expand your service menu and offer a popular and in-demand treatment. This diversification can attract new clients and increase your earning potential. Client Retention and Referrals: Satisfied clients who experience positive results from chemical skin peels are more likely to become repeat customers. Additionally, they may refer friends, family, and colleagues to your practice, further growing your client base and increasing your revenue. Professional Advancement: By enhancing your skills and knowledge in chemical skin peels, you position yourself as a knowledgeable and sought-after aesthetics professional. This can lead to opportunities for career advancement, such as working in prestigious clinics, and spas, or establishing your own practice, which can contribute to higher earning potential. Frequently Asked Questions Is this training course suitable for beginners or those with prior experience? Our Chemical Skin Peels (ClinicCare) Training Course is designed for both beginners and experienced professionals in the aesthetics industry. Whether you are just starting your career or looking to enhance your skills, this course will provide you with the necessary knowledge and techniques. What will I learn in this training course? In this course, you will learn about different types of chemical skin peels, their indications, and the process of performing the treatment. You will gain a comprehensive understanding of skin anatomy, product selection, client assessment, treatment planning, application techniques, and post-treatment care. Will I receive hands-on training during the course? Yes, hands-on training is an integral part of our Chemical Skin Peels (ClinicCare) Training Course. You will have the opportunity to practice the techniques on models under the guidance and supervision of our experienced instructors. This practical experience will help you develop confidence and proficiency in performing chemical skin peels. What products or brands will be used in the training course? Our training course focuses on ClinicCare chemical skin peels. ClinicCare is a renowned brand known for its high-quality and effective skincare products. You will learn about their specific range of peels and gain hands-on experience in working with these products. Will I receive a certification upon completion of the course? Yes, upon successfully completing our Chemical Skin Peels (ClinicCare) Training Course, you will receive a certification of completion. This certification validates your training and demonstrates your competence in performing chemical skin peels using ClinicCare products. Are there any post-training support or resources available? Yes, we provide post-training support to our students. Our instructors are available to answer any questions or provide guidance even after you complete the course. Additionally, you will have access to resources and materials that can further enhance your knowledge and skills in chemical skin peels. Can I incorporate chemical skin peels into my existing practice? Absolutely! Chemical skin peels are a popular and effective treatment for various skin concerns. Upon completing the course, you will be equipped with the skills to incorporate chemical skin peels into your existing practice or start offering this service to your clients.

Developing the Business Case Business analysts must be able to create business case documents that highlight project benefits, costs, and risks. The business case is based on the real business need to be solved. These become parts of proposals, feasibility studies, and other decision support documents. This course teaches the purpose, structure, and content of a business case. It presents the basic techniques for determining financial ROI, non-tangible benefits, and the probability of meeting expectations. What you will Learn At the end of this program, you will be able to: Perform feasibility studies Justify the business investment to solve the business problem Prepare an effective business case document Plan and implement a business case approval process Foundation Concepts The role of the BA An introduction to the BABOK® Guide The business analyst and the product / project life cycle (PLC) The business case deliverable Introducing the Business Case Process The BA and strategy analysis The BA and the business case process (BCP) The BA during the business case process (BCP) The BA after the business case process (BCP) Importance of defining solution performance metrics Defining the Business Need Overview of defining the business need Business needs: problem / opportunity statement Product vision Objectives and constraints Exploring Business Case Solutions Overview of exploring solutions Solution identification for feasibility Solution definition for analysis Assessing project risks Justifying the Business Case Overview of justifying the business case Qualitative justification Quantitative justification Approving the Business Case Overview of business case approval Developing recommendations Preparing the decision package - documents Preparing the decision package - presentations

LTE Backhaul training course description This course provides a concise insight into the LTE backhaul. Key parts of the course are detailed looks at the transport of messages and the S1 and X2 protocols. What will you learn Describe the overall architecture of LTE. Explain how data and signalling messages are transported in LTE. Describe the S1 protocol. Describe the X2 protocol. LTE Backhaul training course details Who will benefit: Anyone working with LTE. Prerequisites: Mobile communications demystified Duration 2 days LTE Backhaul training course contents Introduction In the first section of the course, we review LTE and its hardware and software architecture. Requirements and key features of LTE. LTE Architecture and capabilities of the UE. Architecture of the E-UTRAN, functions of the eNB. EPC architecture, and functions of the MME, SGW, PGW and PCRF. System interfaces and protocol stacks. Example information flows. Dedicated and default bearers. EMM, ECM and RRC state diagrams. Architecture of the radio access network In this section, we look in more detail at the architecture of the evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN). Logical and physical architecture of the E-UTRAN. Numbering, addressing and identification. E-UTRAN functions. E-UTRAN protocol stacks. Timing and frequency synchronisation in LTE. Transport of data and signalling in LTE Here, we look in more detail at the techniques and protocols that are used to transport data and signalling messages across the evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network and the evolved packet core. Quality of service in LTE. The GPRS tunnelling protocol. Differentiated services Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). The stream control transmission protocol (SCTP). The S1 application protocol This section gives a detailed account of the signalling procedures in the S1 application protocol, which the MME uses to control the operation of the eNB. The material looks at the procedures, messages and information elements, and relates them to the system-level procedures in which they are used. S1 setup procedure. UE context management procedures. Non access stratum information transport. Procedures for managing the evolved radio access bearer (E-RAB). Paging procedures. Mobility management procedures for S1-based handovers. Procedures in support of self-optimising networks. The X2 application protocol This section gives a detailed account of the signalling procedures in the X2 application protocol, which is used for peer-to-peer communication between eNBs. The material looks at the procedures, messages and information elements, and relates them to the system-level procedures in which they are used. X2 setup procedure. Mobility management procedures for X2-based handovers Procedures in support of self-optimising networks. High level system operation In the final section, we bring our discussions of the S1 and X2 application protocols together by reviewing the system-level operation of LTE. Attach procedure. Transitions between the states of RRC Idle and RRC Connected. Tracking area updates in RRC Idle. Handover procedures in RRC Connected.