19 Educators providing Bar courses in Edinburgh

PC fundamentals training course description A basic introductory course for those who have never worked with PCs before. The principle target audience is for those who will become PC support people. What will you learn Cable PCs. Perform preventive maintenance on PCs Run Windows and start applications. Use Microsoft Office applications. Customise Windows. PC fundamentals training course details Who will benefit: Anyone new to PCs. Prerequisites: None. Duration 3 days PC fundamentals training course contents PC hardware Overview of components inside a PC, cabling up a PC, preventive maintenance, cleaning mice, hardware screen controls, booting a PC. Windows overview Versions of Windows, Starting Windows, logging on, shutting down. Using Windows The desktop, the start menu and submenus, getting help, shutting down Windows, switching between applications, sizing and controlling windows, special keys on the keyboard. Accessing files and folders Folders and files, Windows explorer, IE, creating, viewing and manipulating folders, creating, viewing and manipulating files, permissions, bits and bytes, the recycle bin, undeleting and undoing, formatting floppy disks, using floppy disks DOS Accessing DOS, basic DOS commands, drives. Microsoft Office Word documents, Excel spreadsheets, emails, browsing the Internet, printing files, managing print queues. Printing Overview, printing, properties Customisation Customising the task bar, customising the start menu. The control panel, mouse and display properties, Desktop settings, setting the date and time. Networking overview Workgroups and domains, Accessing file and print resources

90 minutes of chocolate heaven! A chocolate tour experience taking you from chocolate tree to chocolate bar with lots of chocolate tasting on the way! You’ll learn new things about chocolate, make your very own bar and taste chocolate you have never tasted before. LEARN See and touch the fruit of the chocolate tree, and learn all about how the beans are transformed into delicious chocolate. MAKE Have fun making your own Scottish-themed chocolate to take home! You can even make a chocolate Greyfriar’s Bobby, a chocolate Nessie or a chocolate Edinburgh Castle! DISCOVER Discover over 5000 years of chocolate history and experience chocolate as the Aztecs did. TASTE Come to the tasting room with our wonderful selection of chocolates from both Scottish and international chocolate makers. There are over 30 varieties to choose from including dark chocolate, milk chocolate, haggis chocolate, Japanese chocolate, chili chocolate, gin & tonic chocolate and many, many more.

90 minutes of chocolate and wine indulgence! Have fun creating your own chocolate bar and then settle down and enjoy a guided tasting of wine and chocolate pairings specially selected by our flavour experts. Strictly for ages 18 and over. You may be asked to prove your age. Please ensure you have photographic proof of age as refunds are not given if service is refused because you cannot prove you are 18 years old or over.

This 1 day course is designed for the end user who is using or will use Office 365. This course will provide delegates with the knowledge and skills to efficiently use Office 365 on a day-to-day basis. The course is designed with real world scenarios in mind. Delegates will learn how to use Outlook Online, Skype for Business, OneDrive for Business, SharePoint Online, and OneNote. At the end of this course delegates will be able to effectively navigate Office 365 and make use of all of the features of Office 365 Office 365 Overview Introducing Cloud Computing Identify and Outline the Component Products in Office 365 including Outlook Web App, Office Online Apps, OneDrive and Skype for Business Navigating around Office 365 Customising the Office 365 Nav Bar Updating your Profile in Office 365 Using the Outlook Online Application Overview of Outlook Online Working with Email and Folders Outlook People and IM Contacts Using the Calendar Shared Calendars Outlook Tasks in the Web App Setting Outlook Options, Signatures, Automatic Replies and Rules Using Skype for Business Overview of Skype for Business Viewing and Setting Presence Status Using Instant Messages in Business Understanding the Interactive Contact Card in Microsoft Office Applications Integration with Outlook Using Skype for Business for Online Presentations including Content Sharing, Polls and a Virtual Whiteboard Working with OneDrive for Business What is OneDrive for Business? Navigating around OneDrive Accessing Content in OneDrive Using the Office Online Apps Sharing Documents and Collaborating Connecting Microsoft Office to OneDrive Creating Office Documents and Saving Directly to OneDrive Using Groups and Delve Introduction to Groups Collaborating using Groups Getting to Content using Delve Requirements Requirements Before attending this course, students must have: Basic understanding of Microsoft Office Basic understanding of Microsoft Windows Operating systems

Get together with friends and family and learn the art of building a beautiful hand-tied bouquet of the best seasonal flowers. Mix a gorgeous selection of flowers, fillers and foliage using the 'spiralling' technique used by the pros to make your bouquet and gain lots of flower hacks, tips and tricks along the way. We finish by tying, wrapping and presenting and you'll leave with your floral creation to enjoy at home and the ability to do it all again.

MySQL server admins training course description This MySQL Server administration course is designed for MySQL Server administrators who have a basic understanding of a MySQL database and a good working knowledge of SQL commands. The course provides an understanding of MySQL Architecture and practical experience in setting up, configuring and maintaining a MySQL server, backing up and recovering data and optimising query performance. This MySQL Server administration course also covers MySQL replication and its role in high availability and scalability. What will you learn Use MySQL Workbench. Install and configure a MySQL Server . Administer and tune a MySQL server. Configure log files and interpret error messages.. Secure the Server. Administer a replication topology. MySQL server admin training course details Who will benefit: Database administrators, Database developers and Technical consultants. Prerequisites: Introduction to MySQL Duration 5 days MySQL server admin training course contents Introduction to Oracle Application Express APEX concepts APEX main components Workspaces, database applications and websheet applications Creating a workspace The Workspace Administrator Upgrading APEX Logging into APEX Running an application SWL Workshop Use APEX to browse, create and modify objects Process ad hoc SQL statements Manage scripts in APEX Create, run and save SQL queries Build a database application Application components Create an application Create an application from a spreadsheet Create reports Create reports using wizards Edit report attributes Add links to reports Create a link to a printer-friendly version of a report Save and print reports in different formats Using files Uploading images Creating cascading stylesheet files Uploading static files Adding an Image as an application logo Adding a reference to a Javascript file Pages and regions Web form behaviour in APEX Create a form based on a table Create a form based on a procedure Create a form with a report Create a tabular form Format a form Locking in APEX forms Creating lists of values Overview of application express shared Components Dynamic and static lists of values Create a dynamic list of values Create a static list of values Use a list of values to control data in a report Create a cascading list of values Items and buttons Understand the different Types of items Create items Understand and edit item attributes Use Javascript with item Manipulate items in tabular forms Add dynamic items to a report Create and edit buttons Page Processing Page rendering and page processing Create computations Validate input data Process Data Understand application branching Create conditional branches Shared components Overview of application express navigation components Manage parent and standard tabs Create navigation bar entries Create and use lists and list items Manage breadcrumbs Create shortcuts Shared component subscription User interface defaults Display dynamic content Filter reports with dynamic queries Create charts with a wizard Format charts Create calendars Add links to calendars Create hierarchical trees State and debugging Understand session state Set a session state value Clear the session state Review the session state Review the messages in debug mode Enabling feedback Managing feedback and team development Themes and templates Switch to a different theme View existing templates Understand and manage templates Create a new template Add references to cascading stylesheet and Javascript files Dynamic actions and plug-in components Identify plug-in components and their types Plug In a component Create dynamic actions Use a plug-in in a dynamic action Building website applications Websheet applications and their components Create a websheet application Enable SQL and PL/SQL in a websheet application Add sections and pages to a websheet application Add links on a websheet page Add a data grid to a websheet application Create SQL reports ion websheet applications Add annotations to a websheet application Implementing security Authentication and authorization Provide an authentication scheme Create an authorization scheme using access control Enable and configure session state protection Deploy an appliction Define supporting objects Package an application Export an application Import an application Install supporting objects Administer Apex workspaces Manage workspaces and users Request a schema or storage Purge session state Monitor developer activity log Monitor workspace activity View activity reports Import a workspace Utility programs Import and export data Generate DDL statements View objects reports

About this Training Course This course will provide a comprehensive, foundational content for a wide range of topics in power system operation and control. With the growing importance of grid integration of renewables and the interest in smart grid technologies, it is more important than ever to understand the fundamentals that underpin electrical power systems. Training Objectives Basic Terminology and Concepts of Electrical Systems: Gain an understanding of the basic terminology and concepts of electrical systems and the structure of a power system Transmission Line Parameters: Learn in detail all the transmission line parameters including line resistance, line inductance, transposition of transmission lines, and capacitance of transmission lines Insulators: Understand thoroughly all the various types of insulators, pin type insulators, suspension type or disc insulators, strain insulators, and testing of insulators High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission: Determine the advantages and disadvantages of high voltage direct current transmission, and gain an understanding of all the features of high-voltage direct current transmission Substations and Neutral Grounding: Gain a detailed understanding of all substation equipment, factors governing the layout of substations, station transformers, elements to be earthed in a substation, power system earthing, earthing transformers, bus bar arrangements and gas-insulated substations Distribution System: Learn about the effects of voltage on the conductor volume, distributor fed from one end, distributors fed from both ends at the same voltage, distributors fed from both ends at different voltages, and alternating current distribution Circuit Breakers: Learn about the classification of circuit breakers, plain-break oil circuit breakers, air break circuit breaker, air blast circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers, SF6 circuit breakers, rating and testing of circuit breakers Relaying and Protection: Learn all the requirements of relaying, zones of protection, primary and backup protection, classification of relays, electromagnetic relays, induction relays, feeder protection, phase fault protection, reactance relay, static overcurrent relay, differential protection, transformer protection, Buchholz relays, alternator protection restricted earth fault protection, rotor earth fault protection, and negative-sequence protection Economic Operation of Power Systems: Gain an understanding of steam power plants, heat rate characteristics and characteristics of hydro plants Load Frequency Control: Learn about speed governing mechanism, speed governor, steady state speed regulations and adjustment of governor characteristics Voltage and Reactive Power Control: Gain an understanding of impedance and reactive power, system voltage and reactive power, voltage regulation and power transfer Renewable Energy Sources: Learn about solar power, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass and tidal power Restructuring of Electrical Power Systems: Gain an understanding of smart grids, smart grid components, smart grid benefits, and open smart grid protocol Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Course Level Basic or Foundation Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information post training support and fees applicable Accreditions And Affliations

www.kruathai.co.uk

About this Virtual Instructor Led Training (VILT) This course will provide a comprehensive, foundational content for a wide range of topics in power system operation and control. With the growing importance of grid integration of renewables and the interest in smart grid technologies, it is more important than ever to understand the fundamentals that underpin electrical power systems. This course provides a thorough understanding of all basic terminology and concepts of electrical systems, structure of a power system, transmission line parameters, insulators, high-voltage direct current transmission, substation and neutral grounding, distribution system, circuit breakers, relaying and protection, power system stability, economic operation of power systems, load frequency control, voltage and reactive power control, renewable energy sources, restructuring of electrical power systems, and smart grids. This course is a MUST for practitioners, consultants, engineers of all disciplines, managers, technicians and all technical personnel who need to learn about electrical power systems. Training Objectives Basic Terminology and Concepts of Electrical Systems: Gain an understanding of the basic terminology and concepts of electrical systems and the structure of a power system Transmission Line Parameters: Learn in detail all the transmission line parameters including line resistance, line inductance, transposition of transmission lines, and capacitance of transmission lines Insulators: Understand thoroughly all the various types of insulators, pin type insulators, suspension type or disc insulators, strain insulators, and testing of insulators High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission: Determine the advantages and disadvantages of high voltage direct current transmission, and gain an understanding of all the features of high-voltage direct current transmission Substations and Neutral Grounding: Gain a detailed understanding of all substation equipment, factors governing the layout of substations, station transformers, elements to be earthed in a substation, power system earthing, earthing transformers, bus bar arrangements and gas-insulated substations Distribution System: Learn about the effects of voltage on the conductor volume, distributor fed from one end, distributors fed from both ends at the same voltage, distributors fed from both ends at different voltages, and alternating current distribution Circuit Breakers: Learn about the classification of circuit breakers, plain-break oil circuit breakers, air break circuit breaker, air blast circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers, SF6 circuit breakers, rating and testing of circuit breakers Relaying and Protection: Learn all the requirements of relaying, zones of protection, primary and backup protection, classification of relays, electromagnetic relays, induction relays, feeder protection, phase fault protection, reactance relay, static overcurrent relay, differential protection, transformer protection, Buchholz relays, alternator protection restricted earth fault protection, rotor earth fault protection, and negative-sequence protection Economic Operation of Power Systems: Gain an understanding of steam power plants, heat rate characteristics and characteristics of hydro plants Load Frequency Control: Learn about speed governing mechanism, speed governor, steady state speed regulations and adjustment of governor characteristics Voltage and Reactive Power Control: Gain an understanding of impedance and reactive power, system voltage and reactive power, voltage regulation and power transfer Renewable Energy Sources: Learn about solar power, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass and tidal power Restructuring of Electrical Power Systems: Gain an understanding of smart grids, smart grid components, smart grid benefits, and open smart grid protocol Target Audience Engineers of all disciplines Managers Technicians Maintenance personnel Other technical individuals Course Level Basic or Foundation Training Methods The VILT will be delivered online in 5 half-day sessions comprising 4 hours per day, with 2 x 10 minutes break per day, including time for lectures, discussion, quizzes and short classroom exercises. Additionally, some self-study will be requested. Participants are invited but not obliged to bring a short presentation (10 mins max) on a practical problem they encountered in their work. This will then be explained and discussed during the VILT. A short test or quiz will be held at the end the course. The instructor relies on a highly interactive training method to enhance the learning process. This method ensures that all the delegates gain a complete understanding of all the topics covered. The training environment is highly stimulating, challenging, and effective because the participants will learn by case studies which will allow them to apply the material taught to their own organization. Each delegate will receive a copy of the following materials written by the instructor: 'ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HANDBOOK' published by McGraw-Hill in 2003 (600 pages) Introduction to Power Systems Manual (500 pages) Trainer Your specialist course leader has more than 32 years of practical engineering experience with Ontario Power Generation (OPG), one of the largest electric utility in North America. He was previously involved in research on power generation equipment with Atomic Energy of Canada Limited at their Chalk River and Whiteshell Nuclear Research Laboratories. While working at OPG, he acted as a Training Manager, Engineering Supervisor, System Responsible Engineer and Design Engineer. During the period of time, he worked as a Field Engineer and Design Engineer, he was responsible for the operation, maintenance, diagnostics, and testing of gas turbines, steam turbines, generators, motors, transformers, inverters, valves, pumps, compressors, instrumentation and control systems. Further, his responsibilities included designing, engineering, diagnosing equipment problems and recommending solutions to repair deficiencies and improve system performance, supervising engineers, setting up preventive maintenance programs, writing Operating and Design Manuals, and commissioning new equipment. Later, he worked as the manager of a section dedicated to providing training for the staff at the power stations. The training provided by him covered in detail the various equipment and systems used in power stations. In addition, he has taught courses and seminars to more than four thousand working engineers and professionals around the world, specifically Europe and North America. He has been consistently ranked as 'Excellent' or 'Very Good' by the delegates who attended his seminars and lectures. He written 5 books for working engineers from which 3 have been published by McGraw-Hill, New York. Below is a list of the books authored by him; Power Generation Handbook: Gas Turbines, Steam Power Plants, Co-generation, and Combined Cycles, second edition, (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, October 2011. Electrical Equipment Handbook (600 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, March 2003. Power Plant Equipment Operation and Maintenance Guide (800 pages), McGraw-Hill, New York, January 2012. Industrial Instrumentation and Modern Control Systems (400 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Industrial Equipment (600 pages), Custom Publishing, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, University of Toronto Custom Publishing (1999). Furthermore, he has received the following awards: The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by PowerEdge, Singapore, in December 2016 The first 'Excellence in Teaching' award offered by the Professional Development Center at University of Toronto (May, 1996). The 'Excellence in Teaching Award' in April 2007 offered by TUV Akademie (TUV Akademie is one of the largest Professional Development centre in world, it is based in Germany and the United Arab Emirates, and provides engineering training to engineers and managers across Europe and the Middle East). Awarded graduation 'With Distinction' from Dalhousie University when completed Bachelor of Engineering degree (1983). Lastly, he was awarded his Bachelor of Engineering Degree 'with distinction' from Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He also received a Master of Applied Science in Engineering (M.A.Sc.) from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He is also a member of the Association of Professional Engineers in the province of Ontario, Canada. POST TRAINING COACHING SUPPORT (OPTIONAL) To further optimise your learning experience from our courses, we also offer individualized 'One to One' coaching support for 2 hours post training. We can help improve your competence in your chosen area of interest, based on your learning needs and available hours. This is a great opportunity to improve your capability and confidence in a particular area of expertise. It will be delivered over a secure video conference call by one of our senior trainers. They will work with you to create a tailor-made coaching program that will help you achieve your goals faster. Request for further information about post training coaching support and fees applicable for this. Accreditions And Affliations

The session can happen ONLINE or IN PERSON. If online and you wish to receive the cacao bar via mail, material and shipment costs will be applied, otherwise I will suggest where to purchase your ceremonial cacao.  Cacao is a sacred plant for the indigenous people, who call it 'The Drink of the Gods'. This is also the meaning of the scientific name given to the cacao plant Theobroma Cacao (Theo - God, broma - drink). To give the cacao spirit the opportunity to enter the person who takes it, the traditional way is to do it through a specific ceremony. It has been used for millennia by the indigenous peoples of Central America as an essential element in rituals. The Cacao Spirit was considered one of the most important deities in the Mayan cosmovision. In Mexico, the Aztecs considered it so precious that cocoa beans were regarded as coins. Ceremonial cacao is very different from the cacao found in our supermarkets. It is produced by simply cold milling cocoa beans from indigenous plants, after which the beans are lightly roasted and peeled. In this way, the cacao contains all the elements of the fruit in its entirety, including the cacao butter, which in industrial production is immediately separated. Returning to the ceremony, the intake of cacao is a sacred moment to connect with the Divine through a deep inner journey from the heart. Cacao has the property of encouraging a loving opening of the heart, allowing you to listen to the deepest parts of yourself. it is through the Heart that the connection with Heaven, Heart of Heaven, and with Earth, Heart of Earth, takes place. The heart is the seat of love in all traditional cultures, sometimes it is also the seat of some wounds that one receives in life, that is why Cacao has an effect first of all of releasing and releasing the emotions that bring the pains of life, but later it connects the individual with the true and great Heart, seat of infinite, unlimited Love. Mama Cacao also works on our Ancestors, it has the ability to release and heal the suffering that was theirs. The Cacao Ceremony leads to a very profound experience of healing, especially towards the awareness that each person's life is in any case imbued with Pure Love, from the moment of conception to the moment of the present breath. Love, also in the Mayan tradition, is the engine of all life, it is the source and source of well-being, harmony and balance of the entire Cosmos. Before attending, you will receive a full form to fill and extra info. The only medical contraindications are mixing Ceremonial Cacao with antidepressants, anti-psychotics, suffering from heart conditions, low blood pressure or serious illness.If you are on any anti-depressants, antipsychotics or any medication for mental health please get in touch with me. Ceremonial Cacao can cause serious interactions.Please arrive with an empty stomach - no food for 2/3 hours prior to the ceremony. Some light fruit is fine. Please avoid caffeine, alcohol, dairy, red meat for 24 hours before and after - they do not mix well with Cacao. Keep well hydrated by drinking plenty of water. If you smoke, please try to reduce as much as possible, especially if it is not pure tobacco due to the chemicals as cacao is a strong stimulant & detoxifier.If you want to get the very best out of the ceremony and support your integration, it is recommended to continue this diet for 48-72 hours before and after.  By attending to our classes, workshops, 1 to 1 sessions and retreats you agree to our TERMS AND CONDITIONS Payment  Bookings are non-refundable.  Disclaimer  By booking a class or workshop or retreat or 1-1 session -online or any other venues – with us, you release Giada Gaslini, Invisible Caims and any business partners working with Invisible Caims from any liability arising out of any personal injuries, emotional or physical release, death, expectations of results, theft in the venue or damages that may happen to people and objects while attending. We recommend that you consult your GP regarding the suitability of undertaking an exercise programme, if the class you are booking includes it like with yoga or similar, and following all the safety instructions required before beginning to exercise. When participating in an exercise, there is the possibility of sustaining a physical injury. If you engage in this exercise programme, you agree that you do so at your own risk, are voluntarily participating in these activities and assume all risk of injury to yourself. You acknowledge that coaching, shamanic healing and counselling are not to be used as a substitute for psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, mental health care, or other professional advice by legal, medical or other professionals. Our sessions are aimed at inner research, problem solving and personal growth, they do not replace the work of doctors and psychotherapists because they do not consider, treat or aim to solve pathologies and symptoms that are strictly medical. All contracts subject to and governed by the law according to my current insurance.   Added element of the disclaimer If the class happens in any venue and you are causing any damage to the property, you are taking responsibility of your actions. It is down to the individual to take personal responsibility when participating in physical activity and when entering a space that is used and shared by other parties. Invisible Caims does not take any responsibility about possible risks that may arise but can only advise and enforce guidelines and legal requirements as defined by the Scottish Government and local authorities.